chore(deps): bump github.com/jackc/pgx/v5 from 5.7.2 to 5.7.4 (#4737)

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

.github/FUNDING.yml

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 # These are supported funding model platforms
 
-github: kevwan
+github: [zeromicro]

.github/workflows/go.yml

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Set up Go 1.x
         uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: '1.19'
+          go-version-file: go.mod
           check-latest: true
           cache: true
         id: go
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ jobs:
         run: go test -race -coverprofile=coverage.txt -covermode=atomic ./...
 
       - name: Codecov
-        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v4
+        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v5
 
   test-win:
     name: Windows
@@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ jobs:
       - name: Set up Go 1.x
         uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          # use 1.19 to guarantee Go 1.19 compatibility
-          go-version: '1.19'
+          # make sure Go version compatible with go-zero
+          go-version-file: go.mod
           check-latest: true
           cache: true
 

.github/workflows/release.yaml

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ jobs:
           github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
           goos: ${{ matrix.goos }}
           goarch: ${{ matrix.goarch }}
-          goversion: "https://dl.google.com/go/go1.19.13.linux-amd64.tar.gz"
+          goversion: "https://dl.google.com/go/go1.21.13.linux-amd64.tar.gz"
           project_path: "tools/goctl"
           binary_name: "goctl"
-          extra_files: tools/goctl/readme.md tools/goctl/readme-cn.md
+          extra_files: tools/goctl/readme.md tools/goctl/readme-cn.md

.github/workflows/reviewdog.yml

@@ -14,6 +14,6 @@ jobs:
           # Report all results.
           filter_mode: nofilter
           # Exit with 1 when it find at least one finding.
-          fail_on_error: true
+          fail_level: any
           # Set staticcheck flags
           staticcheck_flags: -checks=inherit,-SA1019,-SA1029,-SA5008

.github/workflows/version-check.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+name: Release Version Check
+
+on:
+  push:
+    tags:
+      - 'tools/goctl/v*'
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  version-check:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Set up Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version: '1.21'
+
+      - name: Extract tag version
+        id: get_version
+        run: |
+          # Extract version from tools/goctl/v* format
+          VERSION="${GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/tools/goctl/v}"
+          echo "VERSION=$VERSION" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "Extracted version: $VERSION"
+
+      - name: Check version in goctl source code
+        run: |
+          # Change to goctl directory
+          cd tools/goctl
+          
+          # Check version in BuildVersion constant
+          VERSION_IN_CODE=$(grep -r "const BuildVersion =" . | grep -o '".*"' | tr -d '"')
+          echo "Version in code: $VERSION_IN_CODE"
+          echo "Expected version: $VERSION"
+          
+          if [ "$VERSION_IN_CODE" != "$VERSION" ]; then
+            echo "Version mismatch: Version in code ($VERSION_IN_CODE) doesn't match tag version ($VERSION)"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          echo "✅ Version check passed!"

core/bloom/bloom.go

@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ func newRedisBitSet(store *redis.Redis, key string, bits uint) *redisBitSet {
 }
 
 func (r *redisBitSet) buildOffsetArgs(offsets []uint) ([]string, error) {
-	var args []string
+	args := make([]string, 0, len(offsets))
 
 	for _, offset := range offsets {
 		if offset >= r.bits {

core/breaker/breaker.go

@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ func (ew *errorWindow) add(reason string) {
 }
 
 func (ew *errorWindow) String() string {
-	var reasons []string
+	reasons := make([]string, 0, ew.count)
 
 	ew.lock.Lock()
 	// reverse order

core/breaker/breakers_test.go

@@ -135,5 +135,5 @@ func verify(t *testing.T, fn func() bool) {
 			count++
 		}
 	}
-	assert.True(t, count >= 80, fmt.Sprintf("should be greater than 80, actual %d", count))
+	assert.True(t, count >= 75, fmt.Sprintf("should be greater than 75, actual %d", count))
 }

core/breaker/nopbreaker_test.go

@@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ import (
 func TestNopBreaker(t *testing.T) {
 	b := NopBreaker()
 	assert.Equal(t, nopBreakerName, b.Name())
-	p, err := b.Allow()
+	_, err := b.Allow()
 	assert.Nil(t, err)
-	p, err = b.AllowCtx(context.Background())
+	p, err := b.AllowCtx(context.Background())
 	assert.Nil(t, err)
 	p.Accept()
 	for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ {

core/conf/config.go

@@ -62,7 +62,11 @@ func Load(file string, v any, opts ...Option) error {
 		return loader([]byte(os.ExpandEnv(string(content))), v)
 	}
 
-	return loader(content, v)
+	if err = loader(content, v); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return validate(v)
 }
 
 // LoadConfig loads config into v from file, .json, .yaml and .yml are acceptable.
@@ -85,7 +89,12 @@ func LoadFromJsonBytes(content []byte, v any) error {
 
 	lowerCaseKeyMap := toLowerCaseKeyMap(m, info)
 
-	return mapping.UnmarshalJsonMap(lowerCaseKeyMap, v, mapping.WithCanonicalKeyFunc(toLowerCase))
+	if err = mapping.UnmarshalJsonMap(lowerCaseKeyMap, v,
+		mapping.WithCanonicalKeyFunc(toLowerCase)); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return validate(v)
 }
 
 // LoadConfigFromJsonBytes loads config into v from content json bytes.
@@ -189,10 +198,10 @@ func buildFieldsInfo(tp reflect.Type, fullName string) (*fieldInfo, error) {
 	switch tp.Kind() {
 	case reflect.Struct:
 		return buildStructFieldsInfo(tp, fullName)
-	case reflect.Array, reflect.Slice:
+	case reflect.Array, reflect.Slice, reflect.Map:
 		return buildFieldsInfo(mapping.Deref(tp.Elem()), fullName)
 	case reflect.Chan, reflect.Func:
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported type: %s", tp.Kind())
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported type: %s, fullName: %s", tp.Kind(), fullName)
 	default:
 		return &fieldInfo{
 			children: make(map[string]*fieldInfo),
@@ -332,6 +341,8 @@ func toLowerCaseKeyMap(m map[string]any, info *fieldInfo) map[string]any {
 			res[lk] = toLowerCaseInterface(v, ti)
 		} else if info.mapField != nil {
 			res[k] = toLowerCaseInterface(v, info.mapField)
+		} else if vv, ok := v.(map[string]any); ok {
+			res[k] = toLowerCaseKeyMap(vv, info)
 		} else {
 			res[k] = v
 		}

core/conf/config_test.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package conf
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"os"
 	"reflect"
 	"testing"
@@ -40,9 +41,8 @@ func TestConfigJson(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, test := range tests {
 		test := test
 		t.Run(test, func(t *testing.T) {
-			tmpfile, err := createTempFile(test, text)
+			tmpfile, err := createTempFile(t, test, text)
 			assert.Nil(t, err)
-			defer os.Remove(tmpfile)
 
 			var val struct {
 				A string `json:"a"`
@@ -82,9 +82,8 @@ c = "${FOO}"
 d = "abcd!@#$112"
 `
 	t.Setenv("FOO", "2")
-	tmpfile, err := createTempFile(".toml", text)
+	tmpfile, err := createTempFile(t, ".toml", text)
 	assert.Nil(t, err)
-	defer os.Remove(tmpfile)
 
 	var val struct {
 		A string `json:"a"`
@@ -105,9 +104,8 @@ b = 1
 c = "FOO"
 d = "abcd"
 `
-	tmpfile, err := createTempFile(".toml", text)
+	tmpfile, err := createTempFile(t, ".toml", text)
 	assert.Nil(t, err)
-	defer os.Remove(tmpfile)
 
 	var val struct {
 		A string `json:"a"`
@@ -127,9 +125,8 @@ func TestConfigWithLower(t *testing.T) {
 	text := `a = "foo"
 b = 1
 `
-	tmpfile, err := createTempFile(".toml", text)
+	tmpfile, err := createTempFile(t, ".toml", text)
 	assert.Nil(t, err)
-	defer os.Remove(tmpfile)
 
 	var val struct {
 		A string `json:"a"`
@@ -207,9 +204,8 @@ c = "${FOO}"
 d = "abcd!@#112"
 `
 	t.Setenv("FOO", "2")
-	tmpfile, err := createTempFile(".toml", text)
+	tmpfile, err := createTempFile(t, ".toml", text)
 	assert.Nil(t, err)
-	defer os.Remove(tmpfile)
 
 	var val struct {
 		A string `json:"a"`
@@ -241,9 +237,8 @@ func TestConfigJsonEnv(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, test := range tests {
 		test := test
 		t.Run(test, func(t *testing.T) {
-			tmpfile, err := createTempFile(test, text)
+			tmpfile, err := createTempFile(t, test, text)
 			assert.Nil(t, err)
-			defer os.Remove(tmpfile)
 
 			var val struct {
 				A string `json:"a"`
@@ -1192,6 +1187,42 @@ Email = "bar"`)
 			assert.Len(t, c.Value, 2)
 		}
 	})
+
+	t.Run("multi layer map", func(t *testing.T) {
+		type Value struct {
+			User struct {
+				Name string
+			}
+		}
+
+		type Config struct {
+			Value map[string]map[string]Value
+		}
+
+		var input = []byte(`
+[Value.first.User1.User]
+Name = "foo"
+[Value.second.User2.User]
+Name = "bar"
+`)
+		var c Config
+		if assert.NoError(t, LoadFromTomlBytes(input, &c)) {
+			assert.Len(t, c.Value, 2)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func Test_LoadBadConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	type Config struct {
+		Name string `json:"name,options=foo|bar"`
+	}
+
+	file, err := createTempFile(t, ".json", `{"name": "baz"}`)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	var c Config
+	err = Load(file, &c)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
 }
 
 func Test_getFullName(t *testing.T) {
@@ -1199,6 +1230,26 @@ func Test_getFullName(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, "a", getFullName("", "a"))
 }
 
+func TestValidate(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("normal config", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var c mockConfig
+		err := LoadFromJsonBytes([]byte(`{"val": "hello", "number": 8}`), &c)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("error no int", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var c mockConfig
+		err := LoadFromJsonBytes([]byte(`{"val": "hello"}`), &c)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("error no string", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var c mockConfig
+		err := LoadFromJsonBytes([]byte(`{"number": 8}`), &c)
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+	})
+}
+
 func Test_buildFieldsInfo(t *testing.T) {
 	type ParentSt struct {
 		Name string
@@ -1288,13 +1339,13 @@ func Test_buildFieldsInfo(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func createTempFile(ext, text string) (string, error) {
+func createTempFile(t *testing.T, ext, text string) (string, error) {
 	tmpFile, err := os.CreateTemp(os.TempDir(), hash.Md5Hex([]byte(text))+"*"+ext)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
 
-	if err := os.WriteFile(tmpFile.Name(), []byte(text), os.ModeTemporary); err != nil {
+	if err = os.WriteFile(tmpFile.Name(), []byte(text), os.ModeTemporary); err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
 
@@ -1303,5 +1354,26 @@ func createTempFile(ext, text string) (string, error) {
 		return "", err
 	}
 
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		_ = os.Remove(filename)
+	})
+
 	return filename, nil
 }
+
+type mockConfig struct {
+	Val    string
+	Number int
+}
+
+func (m mockConfig) Validate() error {
+	if len(m.Val) == 0 {
+		return errors.New("val is empty")
+	}
+
+	if m.Number == 0 {
+		return errors.New("number is zero")
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

core/conf/validate.go

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+package conf
+
+import "github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/validation"
+
+// validate validates the value if it implements the Validator interface.
+func validate(v any) error {
+	if val, ok := v.(validation.Validator); ok {
+		return val.Validate()
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

core/conf/validate_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package conf
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+type mockType int
+
+func (m mockType) Validate() error {
+	if m < 10 {
+		return errors.New("invalid value")
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+type anotherMockType int
+
+func Test_validate(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name    string
+		v       any
+		wantErr bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:    "invalid",
+			v:       mockType(5),
+			wantErr: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "valid",
+			v:       mockType(10),
+			wantErr: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "not validator",
+			v:       anotherMockType(5),
+			wantErr: false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			err := validate(tt.v)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.wantErr, err != nil)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+type mockVal struct {
+}
+
+func (m mockVal) Validate() error {
+	return errors.New("invalid value")
+}
+
+func Test_validateValPtr(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name    string
+		v       any
+		wantErr bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "invalid",
+			v:    mockVal{},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "invalid value",
+			v:    &mockVal{},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			assert.Error(t, validate(tt.v))
+		})
+	}
+}

core/configcenter/configurator.go

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+package configurator
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
+
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/configcenter/subscriber"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logx"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/mapping"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/threading"
+)
+
+var (
+	errEmptyConfig            = errors.New("empty config value")
+	errMissingUnmarshalerType = errors.New("missing unmarshaler type")
+)
+
+// Configurator is the interface for configuration center.
+type Configurator[T any] interface {
+	// GetConfig returns the subscription value.
+	GetConfig() (T, error)
+	// AddListener adds a listener to the subscriber.
+	AddListener(listener func())
+}
+
+type (
+	// Config is the configuration for Configurator.
+	Config struct {
+		// Type is the value type, yaml, json or toml.
+		Type string `json:",default=yaml,options=[yaml,json,toml]"`
+		// Log is the flag to control logging.
+		Log bool `json:",default=true"`
+	}
+
+	configCenter[T any] struct {
+		conf        Config
+		unmarshaler LoaderFn
+		subscriber  subscriber.Subscriber
+		listeners   []func()
+		lock        sync.Mutex
+		snapshot    atomic.Value
+	}
+
+	value[T any] struct {
+		data        string
+		marshalData T
+		err         error
+	}
+)
+
+// Configurator is the interface for configuration center.
+var _ Configurator[any] = (*configCenter[any])(nil)
+
+// MustNewConfigCenter returns a Configurator, exits on errors.
+func MustNewConfigCenter[T any](c Config, subscriber subscriber.Subscriber) Configurator[T] {
+	cc, err := NewConfigCenter[T](c, subscriber)
+	logx.Must(err)
+	return cc
+}
+
+// NewConfigCenter returns a Configurator.
+func NewConfigCenter[T any](c Config, subscriber subscriber.Subscriber) (Configurator[T], error) {
+	unmarshaler, ok := Unmarshaler(strings.ToLower(c.Type))
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown format: %s", c.Type)
+	}
+
+	cc := &configCenter[T]{
+		conf:        c,
+		unmarshaler: unmarshaler,
+		subscriber:  subscriber,
+	}
+
+	if err := cc.loadConfig(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if err := cc.subscriber.AddListener(cc.onChange); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if _, err := cc.GetConfig(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return cc, nil
+}
+
+// AddListener adds listener to s.
+func (c *configCenter[T]) AddListener(listener func()) {
+	c.lock.Lock()
+	defer c.lock.Unlock()
+	c.listeners = append(c.listeners, listener)
+}
+
+// GetConfig return structured config.
+func (c *configCenter[T]) GetConfig() (T, error) {
+	v := c.value()
+	if v == nil || len(v.data) == 0 {
+		var empty T
+		return empty, errEmptyConfig
+	}
+
+	return v.marshalData, v.err
+}
+
+// Value returns the subscription value.
+func (c *configCenter[T]) Value() string {
+	v := c.value()
+	if v == nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return v.data
+}
+
+func (c *configCenter[T]) loadConfig() error {
+	v, err := c.subscriber.Value()
+	if err != nil {
+		if c.conf.Log {
+			logx.Errorf("ConfigCenter loads changed configuration, error: %v", err)
+		}
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if c.conf.Log {
+		logx.Infof("ConfigCenter loads changed configuration, content [%s]", v)
+	}
+
+	c.snapshot.Store(c.genValue(v))
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *configCenter[T]) onChange() {
+	if err := c.loadConfig(); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	c.lock.Lock()
+	listeners := make([]func(), len(c.listeners))
+	copy(listeners, c.listeners)
+	c.lock.Unlock()
+
+	for _, l := range listeners {
+		threading.GoSafe(l)
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *configCenter[T]) value() *value[T] {
+	content := c.snapshot.Load()
+	if content == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return content.(*value[T])
+}
+
+func (c *configCenter[T]) genValue(data string) *value[T] {
+	v := &value[T]{
+		data: data,
+	}
+	if len(data) == 0 {
+		return v
+	}
+
+	t := reflect.TypeOf(v.marshalData)
+	// if the type is nil, it means that the user has not set the type of the configuration.
+	if t == nil {
+		v.err = errMissingUnmarshalerType
+		return v
+	}
+
+	t = mapping.Deref(t)
+	switch t.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Struct, reflect.Array, reflect.Slice:
+		if err := c.unmarshaler([]byte(data), &v.marshalData); err != nil {
+			v.err = err
+			if c.conf.Log {
+				logx.Errorf("ConfigCenter unmarshal configuration failed, err: %+v, content [%s]",
+					err.Error(), data)
+			}
+		}
+	case reflect.String:
+		if str, ok := any(data).(T); ok {
+			v.marshalData = str
+		} else {
+			v.err = errMissingUnmarshalerType
+		}
+	default:
+		if c.conf.Log {
+			logx.Errorf("ConfigCenter unmarshal configuration missing unmarshaler for type: %s, content [%s]",
+				t.Kind(), data)
+		}
+		v.err = errMissingUnmarshalerType
+	}
+
+	return v
+}

core/configcenter/configurator_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+package configurator
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestNewConfigCenter(t *testing.T) {
+	_, err := NewConfigCenter[any](Config{
+		Log: true,
+	}, &mockSubscriber{})
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+
+	_, err = NewConfigCenter[any](Config{
+		Type: "json",
+		Log:  true,
+	}, &mockSubscriber{})
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
+func TestConfigCenter_GetConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockSubscriber{}
+	type Data struct {
+		Name string `json:"name"`
+	}
+
+	mock.v = `{"name": "go-zero"}`
+	c1, err := NewConfigCenter[Data](Config{
+		Type: "json",
+		Log:  true,
+	}, mock)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	data, err := c1.GetConfig()
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "go-zero", data.Name)
+
+	mock.v = `{"name": "111"}`
+	c2, err := NewConfigCenter[Data](Config{Type: "json"}, mock)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	mock.v = `{}`
+	c3, err := NewConfigCenter[string](Config{
+		Type: "json",
+		Log:  true,
+	}, mock)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	_, err = c3.GetConfig()
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	data, err = c2.GetConfig()
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	mock.lisErr = errors.New("mock error")
+	_, err = NewConfigCenter[Data](Config{
+		Type: "json",
+		Log:  true,
+	}, mock)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
+func TestConfigCenter_onChange(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockSubscriber{}
+	type Data struct {
+		Name string `json:"name"`
+	}
+
+	mock.v = `{"name": "go-zero"}`
+	c1, err := NewConfigCenter[Data](Config{Type: "json", Log: true}, mock)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	data, err := c1.GetConfig()
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "go-zero", data.Name)
+
+	mock.v = `{"name": "go-zero2"}`
+	mock.change()
+
+	data, err = c1.GetConfig()
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "go-zero2", data.Name)
+
+	mock.valErr = errors.New("mock error")
+	_, err = NewConfigCenter[Data](Config{Type: "json", Log: false}, mock)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
+func TestConfigCenter_Value(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockSubscriber{}
+	mock.v = "1234"
+
+	c, err := NewConfigCenter[string](Config{
+		Type: "json",
+		Log:  true,
+	}, mock)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	cc := c.(*configCenter[string])
+
+	assert.Equal(t, cc.Value(), "1234")
+
+	mock.valErr = errors.New("mock error")
+
+	_, err = NewConfigCenter[any](Config{
+		Type: "json",
+		Log:  true,
+	}, mock)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+}
+
+func TestConfigCenter_AddListener(t *testing.T) {
+	mock := &mockSubscriber{}
+	mock.v = "1234"
+	c, err := NewConfigCenter[string](Config{
+		Type: "json",
+		Log:  true,
+	}, mock)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	cc := c.(*configCenter[string])
+	var a, b int
+	var mutex sync.Mutex
+	cc.AddListener(func() {
+		mutex.Lock()
+		a = 1
+		mutex.Unlock()
+	})
+	cc.AddListener(func() {
+		mutex.Lock()
+		b = 2
+		mutex.Unlock()
+	})
+
+	assert.Equal(t, 2, len(cc.listeners))
+
+	mock.change()
+
+	time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 100)
+
+	mutex.Lock()
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, a)
+	assert.Equal(t, 2, b)
+	mutex.Unlock()
+}
+
+func TestConfigCenter_genValue(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("data is empty", func(t *testing.T) {
+		c := &configCenter[string]{
+			unmarshaler: registry.unmarshalers["json"],
+			conf:        Config{Log: true},
+		}
+		v := c.genValue("")
+		assert.Equal(t, "", v.data)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("invalid template type", func(t *testing.T) {
+		c := &configCenter[any]{
+			unmarshaler: registry.unmarshalers["json"],
+			conf:        Config{Log: true},
+		}
+		v := c.genValue("xxxx")
+		assert.Equal(t, errMissingUnmarshalerType, v.err)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("unsupported template type", func(t *testing.T) {
+		c := &configCenter[int]{
+			unmarshaler: registry.unmarshalers["json"],
+			conf:        Config{Log: true},
+		}
+		v := c.genValue("1")
+		assert.Equal(t, errMissingUnmarshalerType, v.err)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("supported template string type", func(t *testing.T) {
+		c := &configCenter[string]{
+			unmarshaler: registry.unmarshalers["json"],
+			conf:        Config{Log: true},
+		}
+		v := c.genValue("12345")
+		assert.NoError(t, v.err)
+		assert.Equal(t, "12345", v.data)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("unmarshal fail", func(t *testing.T) {
+		c := &configCenter[struct {
+			Name string `json:"name"`
+		}]{
+			unmarshaler: registry.unmarshalers["json"],
+			conf:        Config{Log: true},
+		}
+		v := c.genValue(`{"name":"new name}`)
+		assert.Equal(t, `{"name":"new name}`, v.data)
+		assert.Error(t, v.err)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("success", func(t *testing.T) {
+		c := &configCenter[struct {
+			Name string `json:"name"`
+		}]{
+			unmarshaler: registry.unmarshalers["json"],
+			conf:        Config{Log: true},
+		}
+		v := c.genValue(`{"name":"new name"}`)
+		assert.Equal(t, `{"name":"new name"}`, v.data)
+		assert.Equal(t, "new name", v.marshalData.Name)
+		assert.NoError(t, v.err)
+	})
+}
+
+type mockSubscriber struct {
+	v              string
+	lisErr, valErr error
+	listener       func()
+}
+
+func (m *mockSubscriber) AddListener(listener func()) error {
+	m.listener = listener
+	return m.lisErr
+}
+
+func (m *mockSubscriber) Value() (string, error) {
+	return m.v, m.valErr
+}
+
+func (m *mockSubscriber) change() {
+	if m.listener != nil {
+		m.listener()
+	}
+}

core/configcenter/subscriber/etcd.go

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+package subscriber
+
+import (
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/discov"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logx"
+)
+
+type (
+	// etcdSubscriber is a subscriber that subscribes to etcd.
+	etcdSubscriber struct {
+		*discov.Subscriber
+	}
+
+	// EtcdConf is the configuration for etcd.
+	EtcdConf = discov.EtcdConf
+)
+
+// MustNewEtcdSubscriber returns an etcd Subscriber, exits on errors.
+func MustNewEtcdSubscriber(conf EtcdConf) Subscriber {
+	s, err := NewEtcdSubscriber(conf)
+	logx.Must(err)
+	return s
+}
+
+// NewEtcdSubscriber returns an etcd Subscriber.
+func NewEtcdSubscriber(conf EtcdConf) (Subscriber, error) {
+	opts := buildSubOptions(conf)
+	s, err := discov.NewSubscriber(conf.Hosts, conf.Key, opts...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return &etcdSubscriber{Subscriber: s}, nil
+}
+
+// buildSubOptions constructs the options for creating a new etcd subscriber.
+func buildSubOptions(conf EtcdConf) []discov.SubOption {
+	opts := []discov.SubOption{
+		discov.WithExactMatch(),
+	}
+
+	if len(conf.User) > 0 {
+		opts = append(opts, discov.WithSubEtcdAccount(conf.User, conf.Pass))
+	}
+	if len(conf.CertFile) > 0 || len(conf.CertKeyFile) > 0 || len(conf.CACertFile) > 0 {
+		opts = append(opts, discov.WithSubEtcdTLS(conf.CertFile, conf.CertKeyFile,
+			conf.CACertFile, conf.InsecureSkipVerify))
+	}
+
+	return opts
+}
+
+// AddListener adds a listener to the subscriber.
+func (s *etcdSubscriber) AddListener(listener func()) error {
+	s.Subscriber.AddListener(listener)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Value returns the value of the subscriber.
+func (s *etcdSubscriber) Value() (string, error) {
+	vs := s.Subscriber.Values()
+	if len(vs) > 0 {
+		return vs[len(vs)-1], nil
+	}
+
+	return "", nil
+}

core/configcenter/subscriber/subscriber.go

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package subscriber
+
+// Subscriber is the interface for configcenter subscribers.
+type Subscriber interface {
+	// AddListener adds a listener to the subscriber.
+	AddListener(listener func()) error
+	// Value returns the value of the subscriber.
+	Value() (string, error)
+}

core/configcenter/unmarshaler.go

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+package configurator
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/conf"
+)
+
+var registry = &unmarshalerRegistry{
+	unmarshalers: map[string]LoaderFn{
+		"json": conf.LoadFromJsonBytes,
+		"toml": conf.LoadFromTomlBytes,
+		"yaml": conf.LoadFromYamlBytes,
+	},
+}
+
+type (
+	// LoaderFn is the function type for loading configuration.
+	LoaderFn func([]byte, any) error
+
+	// unmarshalerRegistry is the registry for unmarshalers.
+	unmarshalerRegistry struct {
+		unmarshalers map[string]LoaderFn
+		mu           sync.RWMutex
+	}
+)
+
+// RegisterUnmarshaler registers an unmarshaler.
+func RegisterUnmarshaler(name string, fn LoaderFn) {
+	registry.mu.Lock()
+	defer registry.mu.Unlock()
+	registry.unmarshalers[name] = fn
+}
+
+// Unmarshaler returns the unmarshaler by name.
+func Unmarshaler(name string) (LoaderFn, bool) {
+	registry.mu.RLock()
+	defer registry.mu.RUnlock()
+	fn, ok := registry.unmarshalers[name]
+	return fn, ok
+}

core/configcenter/unmarshaler_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package configurator
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestRegisterUnmarshaler(t *testing.T) {
+	RegisterUnmarshaler("test", func(data []byte, v interface{}) error {
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	_, ok := Unmarshaler("test")
+	assert.True(t, ok)
+
+	_, ok = Unmarshaler("test2")
+	assert.False(t, ok)
+
+	_, ok = Unmarshaler("json")
+	assert.True(t, ok)
+
+	_, ok = Unmarshaler("toml")
+	assert.True(t, ok)
+
+	_, ok = Unmarshaler("yaml")
+	assert.True(t, ok)
+}

core/discov/internal/registry.go

@@ -10,27 +10,30 @@ import (
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/contextx"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/lang"
-	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logx"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logc"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/mathx"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/syncx"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/threading"
 	"go.etcd.io/etcd/api/v3/v3rpc/rpctypes"
 	clientv3 "go.etcd.io/etcd/client/v3"
 )
 
+const coolDownDeviation = 0.05
+
 var (
 	registry = Registry{
 		clusters: make(map[string]*cluster),
 	}
-	connManager = syncx.NewResourceManager()
-	errClosed   = errors.New("etcd monitor chan has been closed")
+	connManager      = syncx.NewResourceManager()
+	coolDownUnstable = mathx.NewUnstable(coolDownDeviation)
+	errClosed        = errors.New("etcd monitor chan has been closed")
 )
 
 // A Registry is a registry that manages the etcd client connections.
 type Registry struct {
 	clusters map[string]*cluster
-	lock     sync.Mutex
+	lock     sync.RWMutex
 }
 
 // GetRegistry returns a global Registry.
@@ -40,60 +43,148 @@ func GetRegistry() *Registry {
 
 // GetConn returns an etcd client connection associated with given endpoints.
 func (r *Registry) GetConn(endpoints []string) (EtcdClient, error) {
-	c, _ := r.getCluster(endpoints)
+	c, _ := r.getOrCreateCluster(endpoints)
 	return c.getClient()
 }
 
 // Monitor monitors the key on given etcd endpoints, notify with the given UpdateListener.
-func (r *Registry) Monitor(endpoints []string, key string, l UpdateListener) error {
-	c, exists := r.getCluster(endpoints)
+func (r *Registry) Monitor(endpoints []string, key string, exactMatch bool, l UpdateListener) error {
+	wkey := watchKey{
+		key:        key,
+		exactMatch: exactMatch,
+	}
+
+	c, exists := r.getOrCreateCluster(endpoints)
 	// if exists, the existing values should be updated to the listener.
 	if exists {
-		kvs := c.getCurrent(key)
-		for _, kv := range kvs {
-			l.OnAdd(kv)
+		c.lock.Lock()
+		watcher, ok := c.watchers[wkey]
+		if ok {
+			watcher.listeners = append(watcher.listeners, l)
+		}
+		c.lock.Unlock()
+
+		if ok {
+			kvs := c.getCurrent(wkey)
+			for _, kv := range kvs {
+				l.OnAdd(kv)
+			}
+
+			return nil
 		}
 	}
 
-	return c.monitor(key, l)
+	return c.monitor(wkey, l)
 }
 
-func (r *Registry) getCluster(endpoints []string) (c *cluster, exists bool) {
-	clusterKey := getClusterKey(endpoints)
-	r.lock.Lock()
-	defer r.lock.Unlock()
-	c, exists = r.clusters[clusterKey]
+func (r *Registry) Unmonitor(endpoints []string, key string, exactMatch bool, l UpdateListener) {
+	c, exists := r.getCluster(endpoints)
 	if !exists {
-		c = newCluster(endpoints)
-		r.clusters[clusterKey] = c
+		return
+	}
+
+	wkey := watchKey{
+		key:        key,
+		exactMatch: exactMatch,
+	}
+
+	c.lock.Lock()
+	defer c.lock.Unlock()
+
+	watcher, ok := c.watchers[wkey]
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+
+	for i, listener := range watcher.listeners {
+		if listener == l {
+			watcher.listeners = append(watcher.listeners[:i], watcher.listeners[i+1:]...)
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(watcher.listeners) == 0 {
+		if watcher.cancel != nil {
+			watcher.cancel()
+		}
+		delete(c.watchers, wkey)
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *Registry) getCluster(endpoints []string) (*cluster, bool) {
+	clusterKey := getClusterKey(endpoints)
+
+	r.lock.RLock()
+	c, ok := r.clusters[clusterKey]
+	r.lock.RUnlock()
+
+	return c, ok
+}
+
+func (r *Registry) getOrCreateCluster(endpoints []string) (c *cluster, exists bool) {
+	c, exists = r.getCluster(endpoints)
+	if !exists {
+		clusterKey := getClusterKey(endpoints)
+
+		r.lock.Lock()
+		defer r.lock.Unlock()
+
+		// double-check locking
+		c, exists = r.clusters[clusterKey]
+		if !exists {
+			c = newCluster(endpoints)
+			r.clusters[clusterKey] = c
+		}
 	}
 
 	return
 }
 
-type cluster struct {
-	endpoints  []string
-	key        string
-	values     map[string]map[string]string
-	listeners  map[string][]UpdateListener
-	watchGroup *threading.RoutineGroup
-	done       chan lang.PlaceholderType
-	lock       sync.Mutex
-}
+type (
+	watchKey struct {
+		key        string
+		exactMatch bool
+	}
+
+	watchValue struct {
+		listeners []UpdateListener
+		values    map[string]string
+		cancel    context.CancelFunc
+	}
+
+	cluster struct {
+		endpoints  []string
+		key        string
+		watchers   map[watchKey]*watchValue
+		watchGroup *threading.RoutineGroup
+		done       chan lang.PlaceholderType
+		lock       sync.RWMutex
+	}
+)
 
 func newCluster(endpoints []string) *cluster {
 	return &cluster{
 		endpoints:  endpoints,
 		key:        getClusterKey(endpoints),
-		values:     make(map[string]map[string]string),
-		listeners:  make(map[string][]UpdateListener),
+		watchers:   make(map[watchKey]*watchValue),
 		watchGroup: threading.NewRoutineGroup(),
 		done:       make(chan lang.PlaceholderType),
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *cluster) context(cli EtcdClient) context.Context {
-	return contextx.ValueOnlyFrom(cli.Ctx())
+func (c *cluster) addListener(key watchKey, l UpdateListener) {
+	c.lock.Lock()
+	defer c.lock.Unlock()
+
+	watcher, ok := c.watchers[key]
+	if ok {
+		watcher.listeners = append(watcher.listeners, l)
+		return
+	}
+
+	val := newWatchValue()
+	val.listeners = []UpdateListener{l}
+	c.watchers[key] = val
 }
 
 func (c *cluster) getClient() (EtcdClient, error) {
@@ -107,12 +198,17 @@ func (c *cluster) getClient() (EtcdClient, error) {
 	return val.(EtcdClient), nil
 }
 
-func (c *cluster) getCurrent(key string) []KV {
-	c.lock.Lock()
-	defer c.lock.Unlock()
+func (c *cluster) getCurrent(key watchKey) []KV {
+	c.lock.RLock()
+	defer c.lock.RUnlock()
+
+	watcher, ok := c.watchers[key]
+	if !ok {
+		return nil
+	}
 
 	var kvs []KV
-	for k, v := range c.values[key] {
+	for k, v := range watcher.values {
 		kvs = append(kvs, KV{
 			Key: k,
 			Val: v,
@@ -122,42 +218,23 @@ func (c *cluster) getCurrent(key string) []KV {
 	return kvs
 }
 
-func (c *cluster) handleChanges(key string, kvs []KV) {
-	var add []KV
-	var remove []KV
+func (c *cluster) handleChanges(key watchKey, kvs []KV) {
 	c.lock.Lock()
-	listeners := append([]UpdateListener(nil), c.listeners[key]...)
-	vals, ok := c.values[key]
+	watcher, ok := c.watchers[key]
 	if !ok {
-		add = kvs
-		vals = make(map[string]string)
-		for _, kv := range kvs {
-			vals[kv.Key] = kv.Val
-		}
-		c.values[key] = vals
-	} else {
-		m := make(map[string]string)
-		for _, kv := range kvs {
-			m[kv.Key] = kv.Val
-		}
-		for k, v := range vals {
-			if val, ok := m[k]; !ok || v != val {
-				remove = append(remove, KV{
-					Key: k,
-					Val: v,
-				})
-			}
-		}
-		for k, v := range m {
-			if val, ok := vals[k]; !ok || v != val {
-				add = append(add, KV{
-					Key: k,
-					Val: v,
-				})
-			}
-		}
-		c.values[key] = m
+		c.lock.Unlock()
+		return
 	}
+
+	listeners := append([]UpdateListener(nil), watcher.listeners...)
+	// watcher.values cannot be nil
+	vals := watcher.values
+	newVals := make(map[string]string, len(kvs)+len(vals))
+	for _, kv := range kvs {
+		newVals[kv.Key] = kv.Val
+	}
+	add, remove := calculateChanges(vals, newVals)
+	watcher.values = newVals
 	c.lock.Unlock()
 
 	for _, kv := range add {
@@ -172,20 +249,22 @@ func (c *cluster) handleChanges(key string, kvs []KV) {
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *cluster) handleWatchEvents(key string, events []*clientv3.Event) {
-	c.lock.Lock()
-	listeners := append([]UpdateListener(nil), c.listeners[key]...)
-	c.lock.Unlock()
+func (c *cluster) handleWatchEvents(ctx context.Context, key watchKey, events []*clientv3.Event) {
+	c.lock.RLock()
+	watcher, ok := c.watchers[key]
+	if !ok {
+		c.lock.RUnlock()
+		return
+	}
+
+	listeners := append([]UpdateListener(nil), watcher.listeners...)
+	c.lock.RUnlock()
 
 	for _, ev := range events {
 		switch ev.Type {
 		case clientv3.EventTypePut:
 			c.lock.Lock()
-			if vals, ok := c.values[key]; ok {
-				vals[string(ev.Kv.Key)] = string(ev.Kv.Value)
-			} else {
-				c.values[key] = map[string]string{string(ev.Kv.Key): string(ev.Kv.Value)}
-			}
+			watcher.values[string(ev.Kv.Key)] = string(ev.Kv.Value)
 			c.lock.Unlock()
 			for _, l := range listeners {
 				l.OnAdd(KV{
@@ -195,9 +274,7 @@ func (c *cluster) handleWatchEvents(key string, events []*clientv3.Event) {
 			}
 		case clientv3.EventTypeDelete:
 			c.lock.Lock()
-			if vals, ok := c.values[key]; ok {
-				delete(vals, string(ev.Kv.Key))
-			}
+			delete(watcher.values, string(ev.Kv.Key))
 			c.lock.Unlock()
 			for _, l := range listeners {
 				l.OnDelete(KV{
@@ -206,24 +283,29 @@ func (c *cluster) handleWatchEvents(key string, events []*clientv3.Event) {
 				})
 			}
 		default:
-			logx.Errorf("Unknown event type: %v", ev.Type)
+			logc.Errorf(ctx, "Unknown event type: %v", ev.Type)
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *cluster) load(cli EtcdClient, key string) int64 {
+func (c *cluster) load(cli EtcdClient, key watchKey) int64 {
 	var resp *clientv3.GetResponse
 	for {
 		var err error
-		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(c.context(cli), RequestTimeout)
-		resp, err = cli.Get(ctx, makeKeyPrefix(key), clientv3.WithPrefix())
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(cli.Ctx(), RequestTimeout)
+		if key.exactMatch {
+			resp, err = cli.Get(ctx, key.key)
+		} else {
+			resp, err = cli.Get(ctx, makeKeyPrefix(key.key), clientv3.WithPrefix())
+		}
+
 		cancel()
 		if err == nil {
 			break
 		}
 
-		logx.Errorf("%s, key is %s", err.Error(), key)
-		time.Sleep(coolDownInterval)
+		logc.Errorf(cli.Ctx(), "%s, key: %s, exactMatch: %t", err.Error(), key.key, key.exactMatch)
+		time.Sleep(coolDownUnstable.AroundDuration(coolDownInterval))
 	}
 
 	var kvs []KV
@@ -239,16 +321,13 @@ func (c *cluster) load(cli EtcdClient, key string) int64 {
 	return resp.Header.Revision
 }
 
-func (c *cluster) monitor(key string, l UpdateListener) error {
-	c.lock.Lock()
-	c.listeners[key] = append(c.listeners[key], l)
-	c.lock.Unlock()
-
+func (c *cluster) monitor(key watchKey, l UpdateListener) error {
 	cli, err := c.getClient()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
+	c.addListener(key, l)
 	rev := c.load(cli, key)
 	c.watchGroup.Run(func() {
 		c.watch(cli, key, rev)
@@ -270,16 +349,22 @@ func (c *cluster) newClient() (EtcdClient, error) {
 
 func (c *cluster) reload(cli EtcdClient) {
 	c.lock.Lock()
+	// cancel the previous watches
 	close(c.done)
 	c.watchGroup.Wait()
+	var keys []watchKey
+	for wk, wval := range c.watchers {
+		keys = append(keys, wk)
+		if wval.cancel != nil {
+			wval.cancel()
+		}
+	}
+
 	c.done = make(chan lang.PlaceholderType)
 	c.watchGroup = threading.NewRoutineGroup()
-	var keys []string
-	for k := range c.listeners {
-		keys = append(keys, k)
-	}
 	c.lock.Unlock()
 
+	// start new watches
 	for _, key := range keys {
 		k := key
 		c.watchGroup.Run(func() {
@@ -289,7 +374,7 @@ func (c *cluster) reload(cli EtcdClient) {
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *cluster) watch(cli EtcdClient, key string, rev int64) {
+func (c *cluster) watch(cli EtcdClient, key watchKey, rev int64) {
 	for {
 		err := c.watchStream(cli, key, rev)
 		if err == nil {
@@ -297,24 +382,17 @@ func (c *cluster) watch(cli EtcdClient, key string, rev int64) {
 		}
 
 		if rev != 0 && errors.Is(err, rpctypes.ErrCompacted) {
-			logx.Errorf("etcd watch stream has been compacted, try to reload, rev %d", rev)
+			logc.Errorf(cli.Ctx(), "etcd watch stream has been compacted, try to reload, rev %d", rev)
 			rev = c.load(cli, key)
 		}
 
 		// log the error and retry
-		logx.Error(err)
+		logc.Error(cli.Ctx(), err)
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *cluster) watchStream(cli EtcdClient, key string, rev int64) error {
-	var rch clientv3.WatchChan
-	if rev != 0 {
-		rch = cli.Watch(clientv3.WithRequireLeader(c.context(cli)), makeKeyPrefix(key),
-			clientv3.WithPrefix(), clientv3.WithRev(rev+1))
-	} else {
-		rch = cli.Watch(clientv3.WithRequireLeader(c.context(cli)), makeKeyPrefix(key),
-			clientv3.WithPrefix())
-	}
+func (c *cluster) watchStream(cli EtcdClient, key watchKey, rev int64) error {
+	ctx, rch := c.setupWatch(cli, key, rev)
 
 	for {
 		select {
@@ -329,13 +407,47 @@ func (c *cluster) watchStream(cli EtcdClient, key string, rev int64) error {
 				return fmt.Errorf("etcd monitor chan error: %w", wresp.Err())
 			}
 
-			c.handleWatchEvents(key, wresp.Events)
+			c.handleWatchEvents(ctx, key, wresp.Events)
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil
 		case <-c.done:
 			return nil
 		}
 	}
 }
 
+func (c *cluster) setupWatch(cli EtcdClient, key watchKey, rev int64) (context.Context, clientv3.WatchChan) {
+	var (
+		rch  clientv3.WatchChan
+		ops  []clientv3.OpOption
+		wkey = key.key
+	)
+
+	if !key.exactMatch {
+		wkey = makeKeyPrefix(key.key)
+		ops = append(ops, clientv3.WithPrefix())
+	}
+	if rev != 0 {
+		ops = append(ops, clientv3.WithRev(rev+1))
+	}
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(cli.Ctx())
+	if watcher, ok := c.watchers[key]; ok {
+		watcher.cancel = cancel
+	} else {
+		val := newWatchValue()
+		val.cancel = cancel
+
+		c.lock.Lock()
+		c.watchers[key] = val
+		c.lock.Unlock()
+	}
+
+	rch = cli.Watch(clientv3.WithRequireLeader(ctx), wkey, ops...)
+
+	return ctx, rch
+}
+
 func (c *cluster) watchConnState(cli EtcdClient) {
 	watcher := newStateWatcher()
 	watcher.addListener(func() {
@@ -364,6 +476,28 @@ func DialClient(endpoints []string) (EtcdClient, error) {
 	return clientv3.New(cfg)
 }
 
+func calculateChanges(oldVals, newVals map[string]string) (add, remove []KV) {
+	for k, v := range newVals {
+		if val, ok := oldVals[k]; !ok || v != val {
+			add = append(add, KV{
+				Key: k,
+				Val: v,
+			})
+		}
+	}
+
+	for k, v := range oldVals {
+		if val, ok := newVals[k]; !ok || v != val {
+			remove = append(remove, KV{
+				Key: k,
+				Val: v,
+			})
+		}
+	}
+
+	return add, remove
+}
+
 func getClusterKey(endpoints []string) string {
 	sort.Strings(endpoints)
 	return strings.Join(endpoints, endpointsSeparator)
@@ -372,3 +506,10 @@ func getClusterKey(endpoints []string) string {
 func makeKeyPrefix(key string) string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("%s%c", key, Delimiter)
 }
+
+// NewClient returns a watchValue that make sure values are not nil.
+func newWatchValue() *watchValue {
+	return &watchValue{
+		values: make(map[string]string),
+	}
+}

core/discov/internal/registry_test.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/lang"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logx"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/stringx"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/threading"
 	"go.etcd.io/etcd/api/v3/etcdserverpb"
 	"go.etcd.io/etcd/api/v3/mvccpb"
 	clientv3 "go.etcd.io/etcd/client/v3"
@@ -38,9 +39,9 @@ func setMockClient(cli EtcdClient) func() {
 
 func TestGetCluster(t *testing.T) {
 	AddAccount([]string{"first"}, "foo", "bar")
-	c1, _ := GetRegistry().getCluster([]string{"first"})
-	c2, _ := GetRegistry().getCluster([]string{"second"})
-	c3, _ := GetRegistry().getCluster([]string{"first"})
+	c1, _ := GetRegistry().getOrCreateCluster([]string{"first"})
+	c2, _ := GetRegistry().getOrCreateCluster([]string{"second"})
+	c3, _ := GetRegistry().getOrCreateCluster([]string{"first"})
 	assert.Equal(t, c1, c3)
 	assert.NotEqual(t, c1, c2)
 }
@@ -50,6 +51,36 @@ func TestGetClusterKey(t *testing.T) {
 		getClusterKey([]string{"remotehost:5678", "localhost:1234"}))
 }
 
+func TestUnmonitor(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("no listener", func(t *testing.T) {
+		reg := &Registry{
+			clusters: map[string]*cluster{},
+		}
+		assert.NotPanics(t, func() {
+			reg.Unmonitor([]string{"any"}, "any", false, nil)
+		})
+	})
+
+	t.Run("no value", func(t *testing.T) {
+		reg := &Registry{
+			clusters: map[string]*cluster{
+				"any": {
+					watchers: map[watchKey]*watchValue{
+						{
+							key: "any",
+						}: {
+							values: map[string]string{},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		}
+		assert.NotPanics(t, func() {
+			reg.Unmonitor([]string{"any"}, "another", false, nil)
+		})
+	})
+}
+
 func TestCluster_HandleChanges(t *testing.T) {
 	ctrl := gomock.NewController(t)
 	l := NewMockUpdateListener(ctrl)
@@ -78,8 +109,14 @@ func TestCluster_HandleChanges(t *testing.T) {
 		Val: "4",
 	})
 	c := newCluster([]string{"any"})
-	c.listeners["any"] = []UpdateListener{l}
-	c.handleChanges("any", []KV{
+	key := watchKey{
+		key:        "any",
+		exactMatch: false,
+	}
+	c.watchers[key] = &watchValue{
+		listeners: []UpdateListener{l},
+	}
+	c.handleChanges(key, []KV{
 		{
 			Key: "first",
 			Val: "1",
@@ -92,8 +129,8 @@ func TestCluster_HandleChanges(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.EqualValues(t, map[string]string{
 		"first":  "1",
 		"second": "2",
-	}, c.values["any"])
-	c.handleChanges("any", []KV{
+	}, c.watchers[key].values)
+	c.handleChanges(key, []KV{
 		{
 			Key: "third",
 			Val: "3",
@@ -106,7 +143,7 @@ func TestCluster_HandleChanges(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.EqualValues(t, map[string]string{
 		"third":  "3",
 		"fourth": "4",
-	}, c.values["any"])
+	}, c.watchers[key].values)
 }
 
 func TestCluster_Load(t *testing.T) {
@@ -126,9 +163,11 @@ func TestCluster_Load(t *testing.T) {
 	}, nil)
 	cli.EXPECT().Ctx().Return(context.Background())
 	c := &cluster{
-		values: make(map[string]map[string]string),
+		watchers: make(map[watchKey]*watchValue),
 	}
-	c.load(cli, "any")
+	c.load(cli, watchKey{
+		key: "any",
+	})
 }
 
 func TestCluster_Watch(t *testing.T) {
@@ -160,11 +199,16 @@ func TestCluster_Watch(t *testing.T) {
 			var wg sync.WaitGroup
 			wg.Add(1)
 			c := &cluster{
-				listeners: make(map[string][]UpdateListener),
-				values:    make(map[string]map[string]string),
+				watchers: make(map[watchKey]*watchValue),
+			}
+			key := watchKey{
+				key: "any",
 			}
 			listener := NewMockUpdateListener(ctrl)
-			c.listeners["any"] = []UpdateListener{listener}
+			c.watchers[key] = &watchValue{
+				listeners: []UpdateListener{listener},
+				values:    make(map[string]string),
+			}
 			listener.EXPECT().OnAdd(gomock.Any()).Do(func(kv KV) {
 				assert.Equal(t, "hello", kv.Key)
 				assert.Equal(t, "world", kv.Val)
@@ -173,7 +217,7 @@ func TestCluster_Watch(t *testing.T) {
 			listener.EXPECT().OnDelete(gomock.Any()).Do(func(_ any) {
 				wg.Done()
 			}).MaxTimes(1)
-			go c.watch(cli, "any", 0)
+			go c.watch(cli, key, 0)
 			ch <- clientv3.WatchResponse{
 				Events: []*clientv3.Event{
 					{
@@ -211,17 +255,111 @@ func TestClusterWatch_RespFailures(t *testing.T) {
 			ch := make(chan clientv3.WatchResponse)
 			cli.EXPECT().Watch(gomock.Any(), "any/", gomock.Any()).Return(ch).AnyTimes()
 			cli.EXPECT().Ctx().Return(context.Background()).AnyTimes()
-			c := new(cluster)
+			c := &cluster{
+				watchers: make(map[watchKey]*watchValue),
+			}
 			c.done = make(chan lang.PlaceholderType)
 			go func() {
 				ch <- resp
 				close(c.done)
 			}()
-			c.watch(cli, "any", 0)
+			key := watchKey{
+				key: "any",
+			}
+			c.watch(cli, key, 0)
 		})
 	}
 }
 
+func TestCluster_getCurrent(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("no value", func(t *testing.T) {
+		c := &cluster{
+			watchers: map[watchKey]*watchValue{
+				{
+					key: "any",
+				}: {
+					values: map[string]string{},
+				},
+			},
+		}
+		assert.Nil(t, c.getCurrent(watchKey{
+			key: "another",
+		}))
+	})
+}
+
+func TestCluster_handleWatchEvents(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("no value", func(t *testing.T) {
+		c := &cluster{
+			watchers: map[watchKey]*watchValue{
+				{
+					key: "any",
+				}: {
+					values: map[string]string{},
+				},
+			},
+		}
+		assert.NotPanics(t, func() {
+			c.handleWatchEvents(context.Background(), watchKey{
+				key: "another",
+			}, nil)
+		})
+	})
+}
+
+func TestCluster_addListener(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("has listener", func(t *testing.T) {
+		c := &cluster{
+			watchers: map[watchKey]*watchValue{
+				{
+					key: "any",
+				}: {
+					listeners: make([]UpdateListener, 0),
+				},
+			},
+		}
+		assert.NotPanics(t, func() {
+			c.addListener(watchKey{
+				key: "any",
+			}, nil)
+		})
+	})
+
+	t.Run("no listener", func(t *testing.T) {
+		c := &cluster{
+			watchers: map[watchKey]*watchValue{
+				{
+					key: "any",
+				}: {
+					listeners: make([]UpdateListener, 0),
+				},
+			},
+		}
+		assert.NotPanics(t, func() {
+			c.addListener(watchKey{
+				key: "another",
+			}, nil)
+		})
+	})
+}
+
+func TestCluster_reload(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &cluster{
+		watchers:   map[watchKey]*watchValue{},
+		watchGroup: threading.NewRoutineGroup(),
+		done:       make(chan lang.PlaceholderType),
+	}
+
+	ctrl := gomock.NewController(t)
+	defer ctrl.Finish()
+	cli := NewMockEtcdClient(ctrl)
+	restore := setMockClient(cli)
+	defer restore()
+	assert.NotPanics(t, func() {
+		c.reload(cli)
+	})
+}
+
 func TestClusterWatch_CloseChan(t *testing.T) {
 	ctrl := gomock.NewController(t)
 	defer ctrl.Finish()
@@ -231,13 +369,17 @@ func TestClusterWatch_CloseChan(t *testing.T) {
 	ch := make(chan clientv3.WatchResponse)
 	cli.EXPECT().Watch(gomock.Any(), "any/", gomock.Any()).Return(ch).AnyTimes()
 	cli.EXPECT().Ctx().Return(context.Background()).AnyTimes()
-	c := new(cluster)
+	c := &cluster{
+		watchers: make(map[watchKey]*watchValue),
+	}
 	c.done = make(chan lang.PlaceholderType)
 	go func() {
 		close(ch)
 		close(c.done)
 	}()
-	c.watch(cli, "any", 0)
+	c.watch(cli, watchKey{
+		key: "any",
+	}, 0)
 }
 
 func TestValueOnlyContext(t *testing.T) {
@@ -280,16 +422,59 @@ func TestRegistry_Monitor(t *testing.T) {
 	GetRegistry().lock.Lock()
 	GetRegistry().clusters = map[string]*cluster{
 		getClusterKey(endpoints): {
-			listeners: map[string][]UpdateListener{},
-			values: map[string]map[string]string{
-				"foo": {
-					"bar": "baz",
+			watchers: map[watchKey]*watchValue{
+				watchKey{
+					key:        "foo",
+					exactMatch: true,
+				}: {
+					values: map[string]string{
+						"bar": "baz",
+					},
 				},
 			},
 		},
 	}
 	GetRegistry().lock.Unlock()
-	assert.Error(t, GetRegistry().Monitor(endpoints, "foo", new(mockListener)))
+	assert.Error(t, GetRegistry().Monitor(endpoints, "foo", false, new(mockListener)))
+}
+
+func TestRegistry_Unmonitor(t *testing.T) {
+	svr, err := mockserver.StartMockServers(1)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	svr.StartAt(0)
+
+	_, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	endpoints := []string{svr.Servers[0].Address}
+	GetRegistry().lock.Lock()
+	GetRegistry().clusters = map[string]*cluster{
+		getClusterKey(endpoints): {
+			watchers: map[watchKey]*watchValue{
+				watchKey{
+					key:        "foo",
+					exactMatch: true,
+				}: {
+					values: map[string]string{
+						"bar": "baz",
+					},
+					cancel: cancel,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	GetRegistry().lock.Unlock()
+	l := new(mockListener)
+	assert.NoError(t, GetRegistry().Monitor(endpoints, "foo", true, l))
+	watchVals := GetRegistry().clusters[getClusterKey(endpoints)].watchers[watchKey{
+		key:        "foo",
+		exactMatch: true,
+	}]
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(watchVals.listeners))
+	GetRegistry().Unmonitor(endpoints, "foo", true, l)
+	watchVals = GetRegistry().clusters[getClusterKey(endpoints)].watchers[watchKey{
+		key:        "foo",
+		exactMatch: true,
+	}]
+	assert.Nil(t, watchVals)
 }
 
 type mockListener struct {

core/discov/internal/updatelistener.go

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ type (
 	}
 
 	// UpdateListener wraps the OnAdd and OnDelete methods.
+	// The implementation should be thread-safe and idempotent.
 	UpdateListener interface {
 		OnAdd(kv KV)
 		OnDelete(kv KV)

core/discov/publisher.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/discov/internal"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/lang"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logc"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logx"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/proc"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/syncx"
@@ -91,12 +92,12 @@ func (p *Publisher) doKeepAlive() error {
 		default:
 			cli, err := p.doRegister()
 			if err != nil {
-				logx.Errorf("etcd publisher doRegister: %s", err.Error())
+				logc.Errorf(cli.Ctx(), "etcd publisher doRegister: %s", err.Error())
 				break
 			}
 
 			if err := p.keepAliveAsync(cli); err != nil {
-				logx.Errorf("etcd publisher keepAliveAsync: %s", err.Error())
+				logc.Errorf(cli.Ctx(), "etcd publisher keepAliveAsync: %s", err.Error())
 				break
 			}
 
@@ -130,17 +131,17 @@ func (p *Publisher) keepAliveAsync(cli internal.EtcdClient) error {
 				if !ok {
 					p.revoke(cli)
 					if err := p.doKeepAlive(); err != nil {
-						logx.Errorf("etcd publisher KeepAlive: %s", err.Error())
+						logc.Errorf(cli.Ctx(), "etcd publisher KeepAlive: %s", err.Error())
 					}
 					return
 				}
 			case <-p.pauseChan:
-				logx.Infof("paused etcd renew, key: %s, value: %s", p.key, p.value)
+				logc.Infof(cli.Ctx(), "paused etcd renew, key: %s, value: %s", p.key, p.value)
 				p.revoke(cli)
 				select {
 				case <-p.resumeChan:
 					if err := p.doKeepAlive(); err != nil {
-						logx.Errorf("etcd publisher KeepAlive: %s", err.Error())
+						logc.Errorf(cli.Ctx(), "etcd publisher KeepAlive: %s", err.Error())
 					}
 					return
 				case <-p.quit.Done():
@@ -175,7 +176,7 @@ func (p *Publisher) register(client internal.EtcdClient) (clientv3.LeaseID, erro
 
 func (p *Publisher) revoke(cli internal.EtcdClient) {
 	if _, err := cli.Revoke(cli.Ctx(), p.lease); err != nil {
-		logx.Errorf("etcd publisher revoke: %s", err.Error())
+		logc.Errorf(cli.Ctx(), "etcd publisher revoke: %s", err.Error())
 	}
 }
 

core/discov/subscriber.go

@@ -15,9 +15,11 @@ type (
 
 	// A Subscriber is used to subscribe the given key on an etcd cluster.
 	Subscriber struct {
-		endpoints []string
-		exclusive bool
-		items     *container
+		endpoints  []string
+		exclusive  bool
+		key        string
+		exactMatch bool
+		items      *container
 	}
 )
 
@@ -28,13 +30,14 @@ type (
 func NewSubscriber(endpoints []string, key string, opts ...SubOption) (*Subscriber, error) {
 	sub := &Subscriber{
 		endpoints: endpoints,
+		key:       key,
 	}
 	for _, opt := range opts {
 		opt(sub)
 	}
 	sub.items = newContainer(sub.exclusive)
 
-	if err := internal.GetRegistry().Monitor(endpoints, key, sub.items); err != nil {
+	if err := internal.GetRegistry().Monitor(endpoints, key, sub.exactMatch, sub.items); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
@@ -46,6 +49,11 @@ func (s *Subscriber) AddListener(listener func()) {
 	s.items.addListener(listener)
 }
 
+// Close closes the subscriber.
+func (s *Subscriber) Close() {
+	internal.GetRegistry().Unmonitor(s.endpoints, s.key, s.exactMatch, s.items)
+}
+
 // Values returns all the subscription values.
 func (s *Subscriber) Values() []string {
 	return s.items.getValues()
@@ -59,6 +67,13 @@ func Exclusive() SubOption {
 	}
 }
 
+// WithExactMatch turn off querying using key prefixes.
+func WithExactMatch() SubOption {
+	return func(sub *Subscriber) {
+		sub.exactMatch = true
+	}
+}
+
 // WithSubEtcdAccount provides the etcd username/password.
 func WithSubEtcdAccount(user, pass string) SubOption {
 	return func(sub *Subscriber) {

core/discov/subscriber_test.go

@@ -225,3 +225,28 @@ func TestWithSubEtcdAccount(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, user, account.User)
 	assert.Equal(t, "bar", account.Pass)
 }
+
+func TestWithExactMatch(t *testing.T) {
+	sub := new(Subscriber)
+	WithExactMatch()(sub)
+	sub.items = newContainer(sub.exclusive)
+	var count int32
+	sub.AddListener(func() {
+		atomic.AddInt32(&count, 1)
+	})
+	sub.items.notifyChange()
+	assert.Empty(t, sub.Values())
+	assert.Equal(t, int32(1), atomic.LoadInt32(&count))
+}
+
+func TestSubscriberClose(t *testing.T) {
+	l := newContainer(false)
+	sub := &Subscriber{
+		endpoints: []string{"localhost:12379"},
+		key:       "foo",
+		items:     l,
+	}
+	assert.NotPanics(t, func() {
+		sub.Close()
+	})
+}

core/errorx/batcherror.go

@@ -1,21 +1,17 @@
 package errorx
 
 import (
-	"bytes"
+	"errors"
 	"sync"
 )
 
-type (
-	// A BatchError is an error that can hold multiple errors.
-	BatchError struct {
-		errs errorArray
-		lock sync.Mutex
-	}
+// BatchError is an error that can hold multiple errors.
+type BatchError struct {
+	errs []error
+	lock sync.RWMutex
+}
 
-	errorArray []error
-)
-
-// Add adds errs to be, nil errors are ignored.
+// Add adds one or more non-nil errors to the BatchError instance.
 func (be *BatchError) Add(errs ...error) {
 	be.lock.Lock()
 	defer be.lock.Unlock()
@@ -27,39 +23,20 @@ func (be *BatchError) Add(errs ...error) {
 	}
 }
 
-// Err returns an error that represents all errors.
+// Err returns an error that represents all accumulated errors.
+// It returns nil if there are no errors.
 func (be *BatchError) Err() error {
-	be.lock.Lock()
-	defer be.lock.Unlock()
+	be.lock.RLock()
+	defer be.lock.RUnlock()
 
-	switch len(be.errs) {
-	case 0:
-		return nil
-	case 1:
-		return be.errs[0]
-	default:
-		return be.errs
-	}
+	// If there are no non-nil errors, errors.Join(...) returns nil.
+	return errors.Join(be.errs...)
 }
 
-// NotNil checks if any error inside.
+// NotNil checks if there is at least one error inside the BatchError.
 func (be *BatchError) NotNil() bool {
-	be.lock.Lock()
-	defer be.lock.Unlock()
+	be.lock.RLock()
+	defer be.lock.RUnlock()
 
 	return len(be.errs) > 0
 }
-
-// Error returns a string that represents inside errors.
-func (ea errorArray) Error() string {
-	var buf bytes.Buffer
-
-	for i := range ea {
-		if i > 0 {
-			buf.WriteByte('\n')
-		}
-		buf.WriteString(ea[i].Error())
-	}
-
-	return buf.String()
-}

core/errorx/batcherror_test.go

@@ -66,3 +66,82 @@ func TestBatchErrorConcurrentAdd(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, count, len(batch.errs))
 	assert.True(t, batch.NotNil())
 }
+
+func TestBatchError_Unwrap(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("nil", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var be BatchError
+		assert.Nil(t, be.Err())
+		assert.True(t, errors.Is(be.Err(), nil))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("one error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var errFoo = errors.New("foo")
+		var errBar = errors.New("bar")
+		var be BatchError
+		be.Add(errFoo)
+		assert.True(t, errors.Is(be.Err(), errFoo))
+		assert.False(t, errors.Is(be.Err(), errBar))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("two errors", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var errFoo = errors.New("foo")
+		var errBar = errors.New("bar")
+		var errBaz = errors.New("baz")
+		var be BatchError
+		be.Add(errFoo)
+		be.Add(errBar)
+		assert.True(t, errors.Is(be.Err(), errFoo))
+		assert.True(t, errors.Is(be.Err(), errBar))
+		assert.False(t, errors.Is(be.Err(), errBaz))
+	})
+}
+
+func TestBatchError_Add(t *testing.T) {
+	var be BatchError
+
+	// Test adding nil errors
+	be.Add(nil, nil)
+	assert.False(t, be.NotNil(), "Expected BatchError to be empty after adding nil errors")
+
+	// Test adding non-nil errors
+	err1 := errors.New("error 1")
+	err2 := errors.New("error 2")
+	be.Add(err1, err2)
+	assert.True(t, be.NotNil(), "Expected BatchError to be non-empty after adding errors")
+
+	// Test adding a mix of nil and non-nil errors
+	err3 := errors.New("error 3")
+	be.Add(nil, err3, nil)
+	assert.True(t, be.NotNil(), "Expected BatchError to be non-empty after adding a mix of nil and non-nil errors")
+}
+
+func TestBatchError_Err(t *testing.T) {
+	var be BatchError
+
+	// Test Err() on empty BatchError
+	assert.Nil(t, be.Err(), "Expected nil error for empty BatchError")
+
+	// Test Err() with multiple errors
+	err1 := errors.New("error 1")
+	err2 := errors.New("error 2")
+	be.Add(err1, err2)
+
+	combinedErr := be.Err()
+	assert.NotNil(t, combinedErr, "Expected nil error for BatchError with multiple errors")
+
+	// Check if the combined error contains both error messages
+	errString := combinedErr.Error()
+	assert.Truef(t, errors.Is(combinedErr, err1), "Combined error doesn't contain first error: %s", errString)
+	assert.Truef(t, errors.Is(combinedErr, err2), "Combined error doesn't contain second error: %s", errString)
+}
+
+func TestBatchError_NotNil(t *testing.T) {
+	var be BatchError
+
+	// Test NotNil() on empty BatchError
+	assert.Nil(t, be.Err(), "Expected nil error for empty BatchError")
+
+	// Test NotNil() after adding an error
+	be.Add(errors.New("test error"))
+	assert.NotNil(t, be.Err(), "Expected non-nil error after adding an error")
+}

core/filex/file.go

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ func firstLine(file *os.File) (string, error) {
 	for {
 		buf := make([]byte, bufSize)
 		n, err := file.ReadAt(buf, offset)
+
 		if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
 			return "", err
 		}
@@ -45,6 +46,10 @@ func firstLine(file *os.File) (string, error) {
 			}
 		}
 
+		if err == io.EOF {
+			return string(append(first, buf[:n]...)), nil
+		}
+
 		first = append(first, buf[:n]...)
 		offset += bufSize
 	}
@@ -57,30 +62,42 @@ func lastLine(filename string, file *os.File) (string, error) {
 	}
 
 	var last []byte
+	bufLen := int64(bufSize)
 	offset := info.Size()
-	for {
-		offset -= bufSize
-		if offset < 0 {
+
+	for offset > 0 {
+		if offset < bufLen {
+			bufLen = offset
 			offset = 0
+		} else {
+			offset -= bufLen
 		}
-		buf := make([]byte, bufSize)
+
+		buf := make([]byte, bufLen)
 		n, err := file.ReadAt(buf, offset)
 		if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
 			return "", err
 		}
 
+		if n == 0 {
+			break
+		}
+
 		if buf[n-1] == '\n' {
 			buf = buf[:n-1]
 			n--
 		} else {
 			buf = buf[:n]
 		}
-		for n--; n >= 0; n-- {
-			if buf[n] == '\n' {
-				return string(append(buf[n+1:], last...)), nil
+
+		for i := n - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+			if buf[i] == '\n' {
+				return string(append(buf[i+1:], last...)), nil
 			}
 		}
 
 		last = append(buf, last...)
 	}
+
+	return string(last), nil
 }

core/filex/file_test.go

@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ last line`
 second line
 last line
 `
+	emptyContent = ``
 )
 
 func TestFirstLine(t *testing.T) {
@@ -79,6 +80,26 @@ func TestFirstLineError(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Error(t, err)
 }
 
+func TestFirstLineEmptyFile(t *testing.T) {
+	filename, err := fs.TempFilenameWithText(emptyContent)
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	defer os.Remove(filename)
+
+	val, err := FirstLine(filename)
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "", val)
+}
+
+func TestFirstLineWithoutNewline(t *testing.T) {
+	filename, err := fs.TempFilenameWithText(longLine)
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	defer os.Remove(filename)
+
+	val, err := FirstLine(filename)
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, longLine, val)
+}
+
 func TestLastLine(t *testing.T) {
 	filename, err := fs.TempFilenameWithText(text)
 	assert.Nil(t, err)
@@ -99,6 +120,16 @@ func TestLastLineWithLastNewline(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, longLine, val)
 }
 
+func TestLastLineWithoutLastNewline(t *testing.T) {
+	filename, err := fs.TempFilenameWithText(longLine)
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	defer os.Remove(filename)
+
+	val, err := LastLine(filename)
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, longLine, val)
+}
+
 func TestLastLineShort(t *testing.T) {
 	filename, err := fs.TempFilenameWithText(shortText)
 	assert.Nil(t, err)
@@ -123,3 +154,67 @@ func TestLastLineError(t *testing.T) {
 	_, err := LastLine("/tmp/does-not-exist")
 	assert.Error(t, err)
 }
+
+func TestLastLineEmptyFile(t *testing.T) {
+	filename, err := fs.TempFilenameWithText(emptyContent)
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	defer os.Remove(filename)
+
+	val, err := LastLine(filename)
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "", val)
+}
+
+func TestFirstLineExactlyBufSize(t *testing.T) {
+	content := make([]byte, bufSize)
+	for i := range content {
+		content[i] = 'a'
+	}
+	content[bufSize-1] = '\n' // Ensure there is a newline at the edge
+
+	filename, err := fs.TempFilenameWithText(string(content))
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	defer os.Remove(filename)
+
+	val, err := FirstLine(filename)
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, string(content[:bufSize-1]), val)
+}
+
+func TestLastLineExactlyBufSize(t *testing.T) {
+	content := make([]byte, bufSize)
+	for i := range content {
+		content[i] = 'a'
+	}
+	content[bufSize-1] = '\n' // Ensure there is a newline at the edge
+
+	filename, err := fs.TempFilenameWithText(string(content))
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	defer os.Remove(filename)
+
+	val, err := LastLine(filename)
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, string(content[:bufSize-1]), val)
+}
+
+func TestFirstLineLargeFile(t *testing.T) {
+	content := text + text + text + "\n" + "extra"
+	filename, err := fs.TempFilenameWithText(content)
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	defer os.Remove(filename)
+
+	val, err := FirstLine(filename)
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "first line", val)
+}
+
+func TestLastLineLargeFile(t *testing.T) {
+	content := text + text + text + "\n" + "extra"
+	filename, err := fs.TempFilenameWithText(content)
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	defer os.Remove(filename)
+
+	val, err := LastLine(filename)
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, "extra", val)
+}

core/fs/files.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build linux || darwin
+//go:build linux || darwin || freebsd
 
 package fs
 

core/fx/stream.go

@@ -84,10 +84,10 @@ func Range(source <-chan any) Stream {
 	}
 }
 
-// AllMach returns whether all elements of this stream match the provided predicate.
+// AllMatch returns whether all elements of this stream match the provided predicate.
 // May not evaluate the predicate on all elements if not necessary for determining the result.
 // If the stream is empty then true is returned and the predicate is not evaluated.
-func (s Stream) AllMach(predicate func(item any) bool) bool {
+func (s Stream) AllMatch(predicate func(item any) bool) bool {
 	for item := range s.source {
 		if !predicate(item) {
 			// make sure the former goroutine not block, and current func returns fast.
@@ -99,10 +99,10 @@ func (s Stream) AllMach(predicate func(item any) bool) bool {
 	return true
 }
 
-// AnyMach returns whether any elements of this stream match the provided predicate.
+// AnyMatch returns whether any elements of this stream match the provided predicate.
 // May not evaluate the predicate on all elements if not necessary for determining the result.
 // If the stream is empty then false is returned and the predicate is not evaluated.
-func (s Stream) AnyMach(predicate func(item any) bool) bool {
+func (s Stream) AnyMatch(predicate func(item any) bool) bool {
 	for item := range s.source {
 		if predicate(item) {
 			// make sure the former goroutine not block, and current func returns fast.

core/fx/stream_test.go

@@ -398,16 +398,16 @@ func TestWalk(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestStream_AnyMach(t *testing.T) {
 	runCheckedTest(t, func(t *testing.T) {
-		assetEqual(t, false, Just(1, 2, 3).AnyMach(func(item any) bool {
+		assetEqual(t, false, Just(1, 2, 3).AnyMatch(func(item any) bool {
 			return item.(int) == 4
 		}))
-		assetEqual(t, false, Just(1, 2, 3).AnyMach(func(item any) bool {
+		assetEqual(t, false, Just(1, 2, 3).AnyMatch(func(item any) bool {
 			return item.(int) == 0
 		}))
-		assetEqual(t, true, Just(1, 2, 3).AnyMach(func(item any) bool {
+		assetEqual(t, true, Just(1, 2, 3).AnyMatch(func(item any) bool {
 			return item.(int) == 2
 		}))
-		assetEqual(t, true, Just(1, 2, 3).AnyMach(func(item any) bool {
+		assetEqual(t, true, Just(1, 2, 3).AnyMatch(func(item any) bool {
 			return item.(int) == 2
 		}))
 	})
@@ -416,17 +416,17 @@ func TestStream_AnyMach(t *testing.T) {
 func TestStream_AllMach(t *testing.T) {
 	runCheckedTest(t, func(t *testing.T) {
 		assetEqual(
-			t, true, Just(1, 2, 3).AllMach(func(item any) bool {
+			t, true, Just(1, 2, 3).AllMatch(func(item any) bool {
 				return true
 			}),
 		)
 		assetEqual(
-			t, false, Just(1, 2, 3).AllMach(func(item any) bool {
+			t, false, Just(1, 2, 3).AllMatch(func(item any) bool {
 				return false
 			}),
 		)
 		assetEqual(
-			t, false, Just(1, 2, 3).AllMach(func(item any) bool {
+			t, false, Just(1, 2, 3).AllMatch(func(item any) bool {
 				return item.(int) == 1
 			}),
 		)

core/logc/logs.go

@@ -37,6 +37,13 @@ func Debugf(ctx context.Context, format string, v ...interface{}) {
 	getLogger(ctx).Debugf(format, v...)
 }
 
+// Debugfn writes fn result into access log.
+// This is useful when the function is expensive to compute,
+// and we want to log it only when necessary.
+func Debugfn(ctx context.Context, fn func() any) {
+	getLogger(ctx).Debugfn(fn)
+}
+
 // Debugv writes v into access log with json content.
 func Debugv(ctx context.Context, v interface{}) {
 	getLogger(ctx).Debugv(v)
@@ -57,6 +64,13 @@ func Errorf(ctx context.Context, format string, v ...any) {
 	getLogger(ctx).Errorf(fmt.Errorf(format, v...).Error())
 }
 
+// Errorfn writes fn result into error log.
+// This is useful when the function is expensive to compute,
+// and we want to log it only when necessary.
+func Errorfn(ctx context.Context, fn func() any) {
+	getLogger(ctx).Errorfn(fn)
+}
+
 // Errorv writes v into error log with json content.
 // No call stack attached, because not elegant to pack the messages.
 func Errorv(ctx context.Context, v any) {
@@ -83,6 +97,13 @@ func Infof(ctx context.Context, format string, v ...any) {
 	getLogger(ctx).Infof(format, v...)
 }
 
+// Infofn writes fn result into access log.
+// This is useful when the function is expensive to compute,
+// and we want to log it only when necessary.
+func Infofn(ctx context.Context, fn func() any) {
+	getLogger(ctx).Infofn(fn)
+}
+
 // Infov writes v into access log with json content.
 func Infov(ctx context.Context, v any) {
 	getLogger(ctx).Infov(v)
@@ -127,6 +148,13 @@ func Slowf(ctx context.Context, format string, v ...any) {
 	getLogger(ctx).Slowf(format, v...)
 }
 
+// Slowfn writes fn result into slow log.
+// This is useful when the function is expensive to compute,
+// and we want to log it only when necessary.
+func Slowfn(ctx context.Context, fn func() any) {
+	getLogger(ctx).Slowfn(fn)
+}
+
 // Slowv writes v into slow log with json content.
 func Slowv(ctx context.Context, v any) {
 	getLogger(ctx).Slowv(v)

core/logc/logs_test.go

@@ -49,6 +49,15 @@ func TestErrorf(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line+1)))
 }
 
+func TestErrorfn(t *testing.T) {
+	buf := logtest.NewCollector(t)
+	file, line := getFileLine()
+	Errorfn(context.Background(), func() any {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("foo %s", "bar")
+	})
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line+1)))
+}
+
 func TestErrorv(t *testing.T) {
 	buf := logtest.NewCollector(t)
 	file, line := getFileLine()
@@ -77,6 +86,15 @@ func TestInfof(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line+1)))
 }
 
+func TestInfofn(t *testing.T) {
+	buf := logtest.NewCollector(t)
+	file, line := getFileLine()
+	Infofn(context.Background(), func() any {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("foo %s", "bar")
+	})
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line+1)))
+}
+
 func TestInfov(t *testing.T) {
 	buf := logtest.NewCollector(t)
 	file, line := getFileLine()
@@ -105,6 +123,15 @@ func TestDebugf(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line+1)))
 }
 
+func TestDebugfn(t *testing.T) {
+	buf := logtest.NewCollector(t)
+	file, line := getFileLine()
+	Debugfn(context.Background(), func() any {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("foo %s", "bar")
+	})
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line+1)))
+}
+
 func TestDebugv(t *testing.T) {
 	buf := logtest.NewCollector(t)
 	file, line := getFileLine()
@@ -148,6 +175,15 @@ func TestSlowf(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line+1)), buf.String())
 }
 
+func TestSlowfn(t *testing.T) {
+	buf := logtest.NewCollector(t)
+	file, line := getFileLine()
+	Slowfn(context.Background(), func() any {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("foo %s", "bar")
+	})
+	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.String(), fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line+1)), buf.String())
+}
+
 func TestSlowv(t *testing.T) {
 	buf := logtest.NewCollector(t)
 	file, line := getFileLine()

core/logx/config.go

@@ -42,4 +42,6 @@ type LogConf struct {
 	// daily: daily rotation.
 	// size: size limited rotation.
 	Rotation string `json:",default=daily,options=[daily,size]"`
+	// FileTimeFormat represents the time format for file name, default is `2006-01-02T15:04:05.000Z07:00`.
+	FileTimeFormat string `json:",optional"`
 }

core/logx/logger.go

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ type Logger interface {
 	Debug(...any)
 	// Debugf logs a message at debug level.
 	Debugf(string, ...any)
+	// Debugfn logs a message at debug level.
+	Debugfn(func() any)
 	// Debugv logs a message at debug level.
 	Debugv(any)
 	// Debugw logs a message at debug level.
@@ -19,6 +21,8 @@ type Logger interface {
 	Error(...any)
 	// Errorf logs a message at error level.
 	Errorf(string, ...any)
+	// Errorfn logs a message at error level.
+	Errorfn(func() any)
 	// Errorv logs a message at error level.
 	Errorv(any)
 	// Errorw logs a message at error level.
@@ -27,6 +31,8 @@ type Logger interface {
 	Info(...any)
 	// Infof logs a message at info level.
 	Infof(string, ...any)
+	// Infofn logs a message at info level.
+	Infofn(func() any)
 	// Infov logs a message at info level.
 	Infov(any)
 	// Infow logs a message at info level.
@@ -35,6 +41,8 @@ type Logger interface {
 	Slow(...any)
 	// Slowf logs a message at slow level.
 	Slowf(string, ...any)
+	// Slowfn logs a message at slow level.
+	Slowfn(func() any)
 	// Slowv logs a message at slow level.
 	Slowv(any)
 	// Sloww logs a message at slow level.

core/logx/logs.go

@@ -52,6 +52,26 @@ type (
 	}
 )
 
+// AddWriter adds a new writer.
+// If there is already a writer, the new writer will be added to the writer chain.
+// For example, to write logs to both file and console, if there is already a file writer,
+// ```go
+// logx.AddWriter(logx.NewWriter(os.Stdout))
+// ```
+func AddWriter(w Writer) {
+	ow := Reset()
+	if ow == nil {
+		SetWriter(w)
+	} else {
+		// no need to check if the existing writer is a comboWriter,
+		// because it is not common to add more than one writer.
+		// even more than one writer, the behavior is the same.
+		SetWriter(comboWriter{
+			writers: []Writer{ow, w},
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 // Alert alerts v in alert level, and the message is written to error log.
 func Alert(v string) {
 	getWriter().Alert(v)
@@ -80,6 +100,14 @@ func Debugf(format string, v ...any) {
 	}
 }
 
+// Debugfn writes function result into access log if debug level enabled.
+// This is useful when the function is expensive to call and debug level disabled.
+func Debugfn(fn func() any) {
+	if shallLog(DebugLevel) {
+		writeDebug(fn())
+	}
+}
+
 // Debugv writes v into access log with json content.
 func Debugv(v any) {
 	if shallLog(DebugLevel) {
@@ -119,6 +147,13 @@ func Errorf(format string, v ...any) {
 	}
 }
 
+// Errorfn writes function result into error log.
+func Errorfn(fn func() any) {
+	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
+		writeError(fn())
+	}
+}
+
 // ErrorStack writes v along with call stack into error log.
 func ErrorStack(v ...any) {
 	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
@@ -202,6 +237,14 @@ func Infof(format string, v ...any) {
 	}
 }
 
+// Infofn writes function result into access log.
+// This is useful when the function is expensive to call and info level disabled.
+func Infofn(fn func() any) {
+	if shallLog(InfoLevel) {
+		writeInfo(fn())
+	}
+}
+
 // Infov writes v into access log with json content.
 func Infov(v any) {
 	if shallLog(InfoLevel) {
@@ -274,6 +317,10 @@ func SetUp(c LogConf) (err error) {
 			timeFormat = c.TimeFormat
 		}
 
+		if len(c.FileTimeFormat) > 0 {
+			fileTimeFormat = c.FileTimeFormat
+		}
+
 		atomic.StoreUint32(&maxContentLength, c.MaxContentLength)
 
 		switch c.Encoding {
@@ -324,6 +371,14 @@ func Slowf(format string, v ...any) {
 	}
 }
 
+// Slowfn writes function result into slow log.
+// This is useful when the function is expensive to call and slow level disabled.
+func Slowfn(fn func() any) {
+	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
+		writeSlow(fn())
+	}
+}
+
 // Slowv writes v into slow log with json content.
 func Slowv(v any) {
 	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
@@ -505,7 +560,7 @@ func shallLogStat() bool {
 // If we check shallLog here, the fmt.Sprint might be called even if the log level is not enabled.
 // The caller should check shallLog before calling this function.
 func writeDebug(val any, fields ...LogField) {
-	getWriter().Debug(val, addCaller(fields...)...)
+	getWriter().Debug(val, mergeGlobalFields(addCaller(fields...))...)
 }
 
 // writeError writes v into the error log.
@@ -513,7 +568,7 @@ func writeDebug(val any, fields ...LogField) {
 // If we check shallLog here, the fmt.Sprint might be called even if the log level is not enabled.
 // The caller should check shallLog before calling this function.
 func writeError(val any, fields ...LogField) {
-	getWriter().Error(val, addCaller(fields...)...)
+	getWriter().Error(val, mergeGlobalFields(addCaller(fields...))...)
 }
 
 // writeInfo writes v into info log.
@@ -521,7 +576,7 @@ func writeError(val any, fields ...LogField) {
 // If we check shallLog here, the fmt.Sprint might be called even if the log level is not enabled.
 // The caller should check shallLog before calling this function.
 func writeInfo(val any, fields ...LogField) {
-	getWriter().Info(val, addCaller(fields...)...)
+	getWriter().Info(val, mergeGlobalFields(addCaller(fields...))...)
 }
 
 // writeSevere writes v into severe log.
@@ -537,7 +592,7 @@ func writeSevere(msg string) {
 // If we check shallLog here, the fmt.Sprint might be called even if the log level is not enabled.
 // The caller should check shallLog before calling this function.
 func writeSlow(val any, fields ...LogField) {
-	getWriter().Slow(val, addCaller(fields...)...)
+	getWriter().Slow(val, mergeGlobalFields(addCaller(fields...))...)
 }
 
 // writeStack writes v into stack log.
@@ -553,5 +608,5 @@ func writeStack(msg string) {
 // If we check shallLog here, the fmt.Sprint might be called even if the log level is not enabled.
 // The caller should check shallLog before calling this function.
 func writeStat(msg string) {
-	getWriter().Stat(msg, addCaller()...)
+	getWriter().Stat(msg, mergeGlobalFields(addCaller())...)
 }

core/logx/logs_test.go

@@ -248,6 +248,32 @@ func TestStructedLogDebugf(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestStructedLogDebugfn(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("debugfn with output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		w := new(mockWriter)
+		old := writer.Swap(w)
+		defer writer.Store(old)
+
+		doTestStructedLog(t, levelDebug, w, func(v ...any) {
+			Debugfn(func() any {
+				return fmt.Sprint(v...)
+			})
+		})
+	})
+
+	t.Run("debugfn without output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		w := new(mockWriter)
+		old := writer.Swap(w)
+		defer writer.Store(old)
+
+		doTestStructedLogEmpty(t, w, InfoLevel, func(v ...any) {
+			Debugfn(func() any {
+				return fmt.Sprint(v...)
+			})
+		})
+	})
+}
+
 func TestStructedLogDebugv(t *testing.T) {
 	w := new(mockWriter)
 	old := writer.Swap(w)
@@ -288,6 +314,32 @@ func TestStructedLogErrorf(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestStructedLogErrorfn(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("errorfn with output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		w := new(mockWriter)
+		old := writer.Swap(w)
+		defer writer.Store(old)
+
+		doTestStructedLog(t, levelError, w, func(v ...any) {
+			Errorfn(func() any {
+				return fmt.Sprint(v...)
+			})
+		})
+	})
+
+	t.Run("errorfn without output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		w := new(mockWriter)
+		old := writer.Swap(w)
+		defer writer.Store(old)
+
+		doTestStructedLogEmpty(t, w, SevereLevel, func(v ...any) {
+			Errorfn(func() any {
+				return fmt.Sprint(v...)
+			})
+		})
+	})
+}
+
 func TestStructedLogErrorv(t *testing.T) {
 	w := new(mockWriter)
 	old := writer.Swap(w)
@@ -328,6 +380,32 @@ func TestStructedLogInfof(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestStructedInfofn(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("infofn with output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		w := new(mockWriter)
+		old := writer.Swap(w)
+		defer writer.Store(old)
+
+		doTestStructedLog(t, levelInfo, w, func(v ...any) {
+			Infofn(func() any {
+				return fmt.Sprint(v...)
+			})
+		})
+	})
+
+	t.Run("infofn without output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		w := new(mockWriter)
+		old := writer.Swap(w)
+		defer writer.Store(old)
+
+		doTestStructedLogEmpty(t, w, ErrorLevel, func(v ...any) {
+			Infofn(func() any {
+				return fmt.Sprint(v...)
+			})
+		})
+	})
+}
+
 func TestStructedLogInfov(t *testing.T) {
 	w := new(mockWriter)
 	old := writer.Swap(w)
@@ -451,6 +529,17 @@ func TestStructedLogInfoConsoleText(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestInfofnWithErrorLevel(t *testing.T) {
+	called := false
+	SetLevel(ErrorLevel)
+	defer SetLevel(DebugLevel)
+	Infofn(func() any {
+		called = true
+		return "info log"
+	})
+	assert.False(t, called)
+}
+
 func TestStructedLogSlow(t *testing.T) {
 	w := new(mockWriter)
 	old := writer.Swap(w)
@@ -471,6 +560,32 @@ func TestStructedLogSlowf(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestStructedLogSlowfn(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("slowfn with output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		w := new(mockWriter)
+		old := writer.Swap(w)
+		defer writer.Store(old)
+
+		doTestStructedLog(t, levelSlow, w, func(v ...any) {
+			Slowfn(func() any {
+				return fmt.Sprint(v...)
+			})
+		})
+	})
+
+	t.Run("slowfn without output", func(t *testing.T) {
+		w := new(mockWriter)
+		old := writer.Swap(w)
+		defer writer.Store(old)
+
+		doTestStructedLogEmpty(t, w, SevereLevel, func(v ...any) {
+			Slowfn(func() any {
+				return fmt.Sprint(v...)
+			})
+		})
+	})
+}
+
 func TestStructedLogSlowv(t *testing.T) {
 	w := new(mockWriter)
 	old := writer.Swap(w)
@@ -679,6 +794,10 @@ func TestSetup(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestDisable(t *testing.T) {
 	Disable()
+	defer func() {
+		SetLevel(InfoLevel)
+		atomic.StoreUint32(&encoding, jsonEncodingType)
+	}()
 
 	var opt logOptions
 	WithKeepDays(1)(&opt)
@@ -701,6 +820,17 @@ func TestDisableStat(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, 0, w.builder.Len())
 }
 
+func TestAddWriter(t *testing.T) {
+	const message = "hello there"
+	w := new(mockWriter)
+	AddWriter(w)
+	w1 := new(mockWriter)
+	AddWriter(w1)
+	Error(message)
+	assert.Contains(t, w.String(), message)
+	assert.Contains(t, w1.String(), message)
+}
+
 func TestSetWriter(t *testing.T) {
 	atomic.StoreUint32(&logLevel, 0)
 	Reset()
@@ -832,15 +962,26 @@ func doTestStructedLogConsole(t *testing.T, w *mockWriter, write func(...any)) {
 	assert.True(t, strings.Contains(w.String(), message))
 }
 
+func doTestStructedLogEmpty(t *testing.T, w *mockWriter, level uint32, write func(...any)) {
+	olevel := atomic.LoadUint32(&logLevel)
+	SetLevel(level)
+	defer SetLevel(olevel)
+
+	const message = "hello there"
+	write(message)
+	assert.Empty(t, w.String())
+}
+
 func testSetLevelTwiceWithMode(t *testing.T, mode string, w *mockWriter) {
 	writer.Store(nil)
 	SetUp(LogConf{
-		Mode:       mode,
-		Level:      "debug",
-		Path:       "/dev/null",
-		Encoding:   plainEncoding,
-		Stat:       false,
-		TimeFormat: time.RFC3339,
+		Mode:           mode,
+		Level:          "debug",
+		Path:           "/dev/null",
+		Encoding:       plainEncoding,
+		Stat:           false,
+		TimeFormat:     time.RFC3339,
+		FileTimeFormat: time.DateTime,
 	})
 	SetUp(LogConf{
 		Mode:  mode,

core/logx/richlogger.go

@@ -52,6 +52,12 @@ func (l *richLogger) Debugf(format string, v ...any) {
 	}
 }
 
+func (l *richLogger) Debugfn(fn func() any) {
+	if shallLog(DebugLevel) {
+		l.debug(fn())
+	}
+}
+
 func (l *richLogger) Debugv(v any) {
 	if shallLog(DebugLevel) {
 		l.debug(v)
@@ -76,6 +82,12 @@ func (l *richLogger) Errorf(format string, v ...any) {
 	}
 }
 
+func (l *richLogger) Errorfn(fn func() any) {
+	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
+		l.err(fn())
+	}
+}
+
 func (l *richLogger) Errorv(v any) {
 	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
 		l.err(v)
@@ -100,6 +112,12 @@ func (l *richLogger) Infof(format string, v ...any) {
 	}
 }
 
+func (l *richLogger) Infofn(fn func() any) {
+	if shallLog(InfoLevel) {
+		l.info(fn())
+	}
+}
+
 func (l *richLogger) Infov(v any) {
 	if shallLog(InfoLevel) {
 		l.info(v)
@@ -124,6 +142,12 @@ func (l *richLogger) Slowf(format string, v ...any) {
 	}
 }
 
+func (l *richLogger) Slowfn(fn func() any) {
+	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
+		l.slow(fn())
+	}
+}
+
 func (l *richLogger) Slowv(v any) {
 	if shallLog(ErrorLevel) {
 		l.slow(v)
@@ -182,7 +206,9 @@ func (l *richLogger) WithFields(fields ...LogField) Logger {
 
 func (l *richLogger) buildFields(fields ...LogField) []LogField {
 	fields = append(l.fields, fields...)
+	// caller field should always appear together with global fields
 	fields = append(fields, Field(callerKey, getCaller(callerDepth+l.callerSkip)))
+	fields = mergeGlobalFields(fields)
 
 	if l.ctx == nil {
 		return fields

core/logx/richlogger_test.go

@@ -63,6 +63,11 @@ func TestTraceDebug(t *testing.T) {
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Debugf(testlog)
 	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
 	w.Reset()
+	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Debugfn(func() any {
+		return testlog
+	})
+	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
+	w.Reset()
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Debugv(testlog)
 	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
 	w.Reset()
@@ -103,6 +108,11 @@ func TestTraceError(t *testing.T) {
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Errorf(testlog)
 	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
 	w.Reset()
+	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Errorfn(func() any {
+		return testlog
+	})
+	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
+	w.Reset()
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Errorv(testlog)
 	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
 	w.Reset()
@@ -140,6 +150,11 @@ func TestTraceInfo(t *testing.T) {
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Infof(testlog)
 	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
 	w.Reset()
+	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Infofn(func() any {
+		return testlog
+	})
+	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
+	w.Reset()
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Infov(testlog)
 	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
 	w.Reset()
@@ -213,6 +228,11 @@ func TestTraceSlow(t *testing.T) {
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Slowf(testlog)
 	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
 	w.Reset()
+	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Slowfn(func() any {
+		return testlog
+	})
+	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
+	w.Reset()
 	l.WithDuration(time.Second).Slowv(testlog)
 	validate(t, w.String(), true, true)
 	w.Reset()

core/logx/rotatelogger.go

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ import (
 
 const (
 	dateFormat      = "2006-01-02"
-	fileTimeFormat  = time.RFC3339
 	hoursPerDay     = 24
 	bufferSize      = 100
 	defaultDirMode  = 0o755
@@ -28,8 +27,12 @@ const (
 	megaBytes       = 1 << 20
 )
 
-// ErrLogFileClosed is an error that indicates the log file is already closed.
-var ErrLogFileClosed = errors.New("error: log file closed")
+var (
+	// ErrLogFileClosed is an error that indicates the log file is already closed.
+	ErrLogFileClosed = errors.New("error: log file closed")
+
+	fileTimeFormat = time.RFC3339
+)
 
 type (
 	// A RotateRule interface is used to define the log rotating rules.

core/logx/writer.go

@@ -13,18 +13,31 @@ import (
 
 	fatihcolor "github.com/fatih/color"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/color"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/errorx"
 )
 
 type (
+	// Writer is the interface for writing logs.
+	// It's designed to let users customize their own log writer,
+	// such as writing logs to a kafka, a database, or using third-party loggers.
 	Writer interface {
+		// Alert sends an alert message, if your writer implemented alerting functionality.
 		Alert(v any)
+		// Close closes the writer.
 		Close() error
+		// Debug logs a message at debug level.
 		Debug(v any, fields ...LogField)
+		// Error logs a message at error level.
 		Error(v any, fields ...LogField)
+		// Info logs a message at info level.
 		Info(v any, fields ...LogField)
+		// Severe logs a message at severe level.
 		Severe(v any)
+		// Slow logs a message at slow level.
 		Slow(v any, fields ...LogField)
+		// Stack logs a message at error level.
 		Stack(v any)
+		// Stat logs a message at stat level.
 		Stat(v any, fields ...LogField)
 	}
 
@@ -33,6 +46,10 @@ type (
 		lock   sync.RWMutex
 	}
 
+	comboWriter struct {
+		writers []Writer
+	}
+
 	concreteWriter struct {
 		infoLog   io.WriteCloser
 		errorLog  io.WriteCloser
@@ -88,6 +105,62 @@ func (w *atomicWriter) Swap(v Writer) Writer {
 	return old
 }
 
+func (c comboWriter) Alert(v any) {
+	for _, w := range c.writers {
+		w.Alert(v)
+	}
+}
+
+func (c comboWriter) Close() error {
+	var be errorx.BatchError
+	for _, w := range c.writers {
+		be.Add(w.Close())
+	}
+	return be.Err()
+}
+
+func (c comboWriter) Debug(v any, fields ...LogField) {
+	for _, w := range c.writers {
+		w.Debug(v, fields...)
+	}
+}
+
+func (c comboWriter) Error(v any, fields ...LogField) {
+	for _, w := range c.writers {
+		w.Error(v, fields...)
+	}
+}
+
+func (c comboWriter) Info(v any, fields ...LogField) {
+	for _, w := range c.writers {
+		w.Info(v, fields...)
+	}
+}
+
+func (c comboWriter) Severe(v any) {
+	for _, w := range c.writers {
+		w.Severe(v)
+	}
+}
+
+func (c comboWriter) Slow(v any, fields ...LogField) {
+	for _, w := range c.writers {
+		w.Slow(v, fields...)
+	}
+}
+
+func (c comboWriter) Stack(v any) {
+	for _, w := range c.writers {
+		w.Stack(v)
+	}
+}
+
+func (c comboWriter) Stat(v any, fields ...LogField) {
+	for _, w := range c.writers {
+		w.Stat(v, fields...)
+	}
+}
+
 func newConsoleWriter() Writer {
 	outLog := newLogWriter(log.New(fatihcolor.Output, "", flags))
 	errLog := newLogWriter(log.New(fatihcolor.Error, "", flags))
@@ -263,20 +336,6 @@ func buildPlainFields(fields logEntry) []string {
 	return items
 }
 
-func combineGlobalFields(fields []LogField) []LogField {
-	globals := globalFields.Load()
-	if globals == nil {
-		return fields
-	}
-
-	gf := globals.([]LogField)
-	ret := make([]LogField, 0, len(gf)+len(fields))
-	ret = append(ret, gf...)
-	ret = append(ret, fields...)
-
-	return ret
-}
-
 func marshalJson(t interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
 	var buf bytes.Buffer
 	encoder := json.NewEncoder(&buf)
@@ -291,6 +350,20 @@ func marshalJson(t interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
 	return buf.Bytes(), err
 }
 
+func mergeGlobalFields(fields []LogField) []LogField {
+	globals := globalFields.Load()
+	if globals == nil {
+		return fields
+	}
+
+	gf := globals.([]LogField)
+	ret := make([]LogField, 0, len(gf)+len(fields))
+	ret = append(ret, gf...)
+	ret = append(ret, fields...)
+
+	return ret
+}
+
 func output(writer io.Writer, level string, val any, fields ...LogField) {
 	// only truncate string content, don't know how to truncate the values of other types.
 	if v, ok := val.(string); ok {
@@ -301,7 +374,6 @@ func output(writer io.Writer, level string, val any, fields ...LogField) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	fields = combineGlobalFields(fields)
 	// +3 for timestamp, level and content
 	entry := make(logEntry, len(fields)+3)
 	for _, field := range fields {

core/logx/writer_test.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/mock"
 )
 
 func TestNewWriter(t *testing.T) {
@@ -254,6 +255,117 @@ func TestLogWithLimitContentLength(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestComboWriter(t *testing.T) {
+	var mockWriters []Writer
+	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
+		mockWriters = append(mockWriters, new(tracedWriter))
+	}
+
+	cw := comboWriter{
+		writers: mockWriters,
+	}
+
+	t.Run("Alert", func(t *testing.T) {
+		for _, mw := range cw.writers {
+			mw.(*tracedWriter).On("Alert", "test alert").Once()
+		}
+		cw.Alert("test alert")
+		for _, mw := range cw.writers {
+			mw.(*tracedWriter).AssertCalled(t, "Alert", "test alert")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Close", func(t *testing.T) {
+		for i := range cw.writers {
+			if i == 1 {
+				cw.writers[i].(*tracedWriter).On("Close").Return(errors.New("error")).Once()
+			} else {
+				cw.writers[i].(*tracedWriter).On("Close").Return(nil).Once()
+			}
+		}
+		err := cw.Close()
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+		for _, mw := range cw.writers {
+			mw.(*tracedWriter).AssertCalled(t, "Close")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Debug", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fields := []LogField{{Key: "key", Value: "value"}}
+		for _, mw := range cw.writers {
+			mw.(*tracedWriter).On("Debug", "test debug", fields).Once()
+		}
+		cw.Debug("test debug", fields...)
+		for _, mw := range cw.writers {
+			mw.(*tracedWriter).AssertCalled(t, "Debug", "test debug", fields)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fields := []LogField{{Key: "key", Value: "value"}}
+		for _, mw := range cw.writers {
+			mw.(*tracedWriter).On("Error", "test error", fields).Once()
+		}
+		cw.Error("test error", fields...)
+		for _, mw := range cw.writers {
+			mw.(*tracedWriter).AssertCalled(t, "Error", "test error", fields)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Info", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fields := []LogField{{Key: "key", Value: "value"}}
+		for _, mw := range cw.writers {
+			mw.(*tracedWriter).On("Info", "test info", fields).Once()
+		}
+		cw.Info("test info", fields...)
+		for _, mw := range cw.writers {
+			mw.(*tracedWriter).AssertCalled(t, "Info", "test info", fields)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Severe", func(t *testing.T) {
+		for _, mw := range cw.writers {
+			mw.(*tracedWriter).On("Severe", "test severe").Once()
+		}
+		cw.Severe("test severe")
+		for _, mw := range cw.writers {
+			mw.(*tracedWriter).AssertCalled(t, "Severe", "test severe")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Slow", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fields := []LogField{{Key: "key", Value: "value"}}
+		for _, mw := range cw.writers {
+			mw.(*tracedWriter).On("Slow", "test slow", fields).Once()
+		}
+		cw.Slow("test slow", fields...)
+		for _, mw := range cw.writers {
+			mw.(*tracedWriter).AssertCalled(t, "Slow", "test slow", fields)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Stack", func(t *testing.T) {
+		for _, mw := range cw.writers {
+			mw.(*tracedWriter).On("Stack", "test stack").Once()
+		}
+		cw.Stack("test stack")
+		for _, mw := range cw.writers {
+			mw.(*tracedWriter).AssertCalled(t, "Stack", "test stack")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Stat", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fields := []LogField{{Key: "key", Value: "value"}}
+		for _, mw := range cw.writers {
+			mw.(*tracedWriter).On("Stat", "test stat", fields).Once()
+		}
+		cw.Stat("test stat", fields...)
+		for _, mw := range cw.writers {
+			mw.(*tracedWriter).AssertCalled(t, "Stat", "test stat", fields)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
 type mockedEntry struct {
 	Level     string `json:"level"`
 	Content   string `json:"content"`
@@ -285,3 +397,44 @@ type hardToWriteWriter struct{}
 func (h hardToWriteWriter) Write(_ []byte) (_ int, _ error) {
 	return 0, errors.New("write error")
 }
+
+type tracedWriter struct {
+	mock.Mock
+}
+
+func (w *tracedWriter) Alert(v any) {
+	w.Called(v)
+}
+
+func (w *tracedWriter) Close() error {
+	args := w.Called()
+	return args.Error(0)
+}
+
+func (w *tracedWriter) Debug(v any, fields ...LogField) {
+	w.Called(v, fields)
+}
+
+func (w *tracedWriter) Error(v any, fields ...LogField) {
+	w.Called(v, fields)
+}
+
+func (w *tracedWriter) Info(v any, fields ...LogField) {
+	w.Called(v, fields)
+}
+
+func (w *tracedWriter) Severe(v any) {
+	w.Called(v)
+}
+
+func (w *tracedWriter) Slow(v any, fields ...LogField) {
+	w.Called(v, fields)
+}
+
+func (w *tracedWriter) Stack(v any) {
+	w.Called(v)
+}
+
+func (w *tracedWriter) Stat(v any, fields ...LogField) {
+	w.Called(v, fields)
+}

core/mapping/marshaler.go

@@ -13,6 +13,15 @@ const (
 
 // Marshal marshals the given val and returns the map that contains the fields.
 // optional=another is not implemented, and it's hard to implement and not commonly used.
+// support anonymous field, e.g.:
+//
+//	type Foo struct {
+//		Token string `header:"token"`
+//	}
+//	type FooB struct {
+//		Foo
+//		Bar string  `json:"bar"`
+//	}
 func Marshal(val any) (map[string]map[string]any, error) {
 	ret := make(map[string]map[string]any)
 	tp := reflect.TypeOf(val)
@@ -44,6 +53,16 @@ func getTag(field reflect.StructField) (string, bool) {
 	return strings.TrimSpace(tag), false
 }
 
+func insertValue(collector map[string]map[string]any, tag string, key string, val any) {
+	if m, ok := collector[tag]; ok {
+		m[key] = val
+	} else {
+		collector[tag] = map[string]any{
+			key: val,
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func processMember(field reflect.StructField, value reflect.Value,
 	collector map[string]map[string]any) error {
 	var key string
@@ -69,15 +88,20 @@ func processMember(field reflect.StructField, value reflect.Value,
 		val = fmt.Sprint(val)
 	}
 
-	m, ok := collector[tag]
-	if ok {
-		m[key] = val
-	} else {
-		m = map[string]any{
-			key: val,
+	if field.Anonymous {
+		anonCollector, err := Marshal(val)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
 		}
+
+		for anonTag, anonMap := range anonCollector {
+			for anonKey, anonVal := range anonMap {
+				insertValue(collector, anonTag, anonKey, anonVal)
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		insertValue(collector, tag, key, val)
 	}
-	collector[tag] = m
 
 	return nil
 }

core/mapping/marshaler_test.go

@@ -27,6 +27,124 @@ func TestMarshal(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.True(t, m[emptyTag]["Anonymous"].(bool))
 }
 
+func TestMarshal_Anonymous(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("anonymous", func(t *testing.T) {
+		type BaseHeader struct {
+			Token string `header:"token"`
+		}
+		v := struct {
+			Name    string `json:"name"`
+			Address string `json:"address,options=[beijing,shanghai]"`
+			Age     int    `json:"age"`
+			BaseHeader
+		}{
+			Name:    "kevin",
+			Address: "shanghai",
+			Age:     20,
+			BaseHeader: BaseHeader{
+				Token: "token_xxx",
+			},
+		}
+		m, err := Marshal(v)
+		assert.Nil(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, "kevin", m["json"]["name"])
+		assert.Equal(t, "shanghai", m["json"]["address"])
+		assert.Equal(t, 20, m["json"]["age"].(int))
+		assert.Equal(t, "token_xxx", m["header"]["token"])
+
+		v1 := struct {
+			Name    string `json:"name"`
+			Address string `json:"address,options=[beijing,shanghai]"`
+			Age     int    `json:"age"`
+			BaseHeader
+		}{
+			Name:    "kevin",
+			Address: "shanghai",
+			Age:     20,
+		}
+		m1, err1 := Marshal(v1)
+		assert.Nil(t, err1)
+		assert.Equal(t, "kevin", m1["json"]["name"])
+		assert.Equal(t, "shanghai", m1["json"]["address"])
+		assert.Equal(t, 20, m1["json"]["age"].(int))
+
+		type AnotherHeader struct {
+			Version string `header:"version"`
+		}
+		v2 := struct {
+			Name    string `json:"name"`
+			Address string `json:"address,options=[beijing,shanghai]"`
+			Age     int    `json:"age"`
+			BaseHeader
+			AnotherHeader
+		}{
+			Name:    "kevin",
+			Address: "shanghai",
+			Age:     20,
+			BaseHeader: BaseHeader{
+				Token: "token_xxx",
+			},
+			AnotherHeader: AnotherHeader{
+				Version: "v1.0",
+			},
+		}
+		m2, err2 := Marshal(v2)
+		assert.Nil(t, err2)
+		assert.Equal(t, "kevin", m2["json"]["name"])
+		assert.Equal(t, "shanghai", m2["json"]["address"])
+		assert.Equal(t, 20, m2["json"]["age"].(int))
+		assert.Equal(t, "token_xxx", m2["header"]["token"])
+		assert.Equal(t, "v1.0", m2["header"]["version"])
+
+		type PointerHeader struct {
+			Ref *string `header:"ref"`
+		}
+		ref := "reference"
+		v3 := struct {
+			Name    string `json:"name"`
+			Address string `json:"address,options=[beijing,shanghai]"`
+			Age     int    `json:"age"`
+			PointerHeader
+		}{
+			Name:    "kevin",
+			Address: "shanghai",
+			Age:     20,
+			PointerHeader: PointerHeader{
+				Ref: &ref,
+			},
+		}
+		m3, err3 := Marshal(v3)
+		assert.Nil(t, err3)
+		assert.Equal(t, "kevin", m3["json"]["name"])
+		assert.Equal(t, "shanghai", m3["json"]["address"])
+		assert.Equal(t, 20, m3["json"]["age"].(int))
+		assert.Equal(t, "reference", *m3["header"]["ref"].(*string))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("bad anonymous", func(t *testing.T) {
+		type BaseHeader struct {
+			Token string `json:"token,options=[a,b]"`
+		}
+
+		v := struct {
+			Name    string `json:"name"`
+			Address string `json:"address,options=[beijing,shanghai]"`
+			Age     int    `json:"age"`
+			BaseHeader
+		}{
+			Name:    "kevin",
+			Address: "shanghai",
+			Age:     20,
+			BaseHeader: BaseHeader{
+				Token: "c",
+			},
+		}
+
+		_, err := Marshal(v)
+		assert.NotNil(t, err)
+	})
+}
+
 func TestMarshal_Ptr(t *testing.T) {
 	v := &struct {
 		Name      string `path:"name"`

core/mapping/unmarshaler.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package mapping
 
 import (
 	"encoding"
+	"encoding/base64"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
@@ -50,6 +51,7 @@ type (
 
 	unmarshalOptions struct {
 		fillDefault  bool
+		fromArray    bool
 		fromString   bool
 		opaqueKeys   bool
 		canonicalKey func(key string) string
@@ -79,40 +81,11 @@ func (u *Unmarshaler) Unmarshal(i, v any) error {
 	return u.unmarshal(i, v, "")
 }
 
-func (u *Unmarshaler) unmarshal(i, v any, fullName string) error {
-	valueType := reflect.TypeOf(v)
-	if valueType.Kind() != reflect.Ptr {
-		return errValueNotSettable
-	}
-
-	elemType := Deref(valueType)
-	switch iv := i.(type) {
-	case map[string]any:
-		if elemType.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
-			return errTypeMismatch
-		}
-
-		return u.unmarshalValuer(mapValuer(iv), v, fullName)
-	case []any:
-		if elemType.Kind() != reflect.Slice {
-			return errTypeMismatch
-		}
-
-		return u.fillSlice(elemType, reflect.ValueOf(v).Elem(), iv, fullName)
-	default:
-		return errUnsupportedType
-	}
-}
-
 // UnmarshalValuer unmarshals m into v.
 func (u *Unmarshaler) UnmarshalValuer(m Valuer, v any) error {
 	return u.unmarshalValuer(simpleValuer{current: m}, v, "")
 }
 
-func (u *Unmarshaler) unmarshalValuer(m Valuer, v any, fullName string) error {
-	return u.unmarshalWithFullName(simpleValuer{current: m}, v, fullName)
-}
-
 func (u *Unmarshaler) fillMap(fieldType reflect.Type, value reflect.Value,
 	mapValue any, fullName string) error {
 	if !value.CanSet() {
@@ -172,13 +145,14 @@ func (u *Unmarshaler) fillSlice(fieldType reflect.Type, value reflect.Value,
 	baseType := fieldType.Elem()
 	dereffedBaseType := Deref(baseType)
 	dereffedBaseKind := dereffedBaseType.Kind()
-	conv := reflect.MakeSlice(reflect.SliceOf(baseType), refValue.Len(), refValue.Cap())
 	if refValue.Len() == 0 {
-		value.Set(conv)
+		value.Set(reflect.MakeSlice(reflect.SliceOf(baseType), 0, 0))
 		return nil
 	}
 
 	var valid bool
+	conv := reflect.MakeSlice(reflect.SliceOf(baseType), refValue.Len(), refValue.Cap())
+
 	for i := 0; i < refValue.Len(); i++ {
 		ithValue := refValue.Index(i).Interface()
 		if ithValue == nil {
@@ -190,17 +164,9 @@ func (u *Unmarshaler) fillSlice(fieldType reflect.Type, value reflect.Value,
 
 		switch dereffedBaseKind {
 		case reflect.Struct:
-			target := reflect.New(dereffedBaseType)
-			val, ok := ithValue.(map[string]any)
-			if !ok {
-				return errTypeMismatch
-			}
-
-			if err := u.unmarshal(val, target.Interface(), sliceFullName); err != nil {
+			if err := u.fillStructElement(baseType, conv.Index(i), ithValue, sliceFullName); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
-
-			SetValue(fieldType.Elem(), conv.Index(i), target.Elem())
 		case reflect.Slice:
 			if err := u.fillSlice(dereffedBaseType, conv.Index(i), ithValue, sliceFullName); err != nil {
 				return err
@@ -235,7 +201,7 @@ func (u *Unmarshaler) fillSliceFromString(fieldType reflect.Type, value reflect.
 		return errUnsupportedType
 	}
 
-	baseFieldType := Deref(fieldType.Elem())
+	baseFieldType := fieldType.Elem()
 	baseFieldKind := baseFieldType.Kind()
 	conv := reflect.MakeSlice(reflect.SliceOf(baseFieldType), len(slice), cap(slice))
 
@@ -256,29 +222,39 @@ func (u *Unmarshaler) fillSliceValue(slice reflect.Value, index int,
 	}
 
 	ithVal := slice.Index(index)
+	ithValType := ithVal.Type()
+
 	switch v := value.(type) {
 	case fmt.Stringer:
 		return setValueFromString(baseKind, ithVal, v.String())
 	case string:
 		return setValueFromString(baseKind, ithVal, v)
 	case map[string]any:
-		return u.fillMap(ithVal.Type(), ithVal, value, fullName)
+		// deref to handle both pointer and non-pointer types.
+		switch Deref(ithValType).Kind() {
+		case reflect.Struct:
+			return u.fillStructElement(ithValType, ithVal, v, fullName)
+		case reflect.Map:
+			return u.fillMap(ithValType, ithVal, value, fullName)
+		default:
+			return errTypeMismatch
+		}
 	default:
 		// don't need to consider the difference between int, int8, int16, int32, int64,
 		// uint, uint8, uint16, uint32, uint64, because they're handled as json.Number.
 		if ithVal.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
-			baseType := Deref(ithVal.Type())
+			baseType := Deref(ithValType)
 			if !reflect.TypeOf(value).AssignableTo(baseType) {
 				return errTypeMismatch
 			}
 
 			target := reflect.New(baseType).Elem()
 			target.Set(reflect.ValueOf(value))
-			SetValue(ithVal.Type(), ithVal, target)
+			SetValue(ithValType, ithVal, target)
 			return nil
 		}
 
-		if !reflect.TypeOf(value).AssignableTo(ithVal.Type()) {
+		if !reflect.TypeOf(value).AssignableTo(ithValType) {
 			return errTypeMismatch
 		}
 
@@ -309,6 +285,23 @@ func (u *Unmarshaler) fillSliceWithDefault(derefedType reflect.Type, value refle
 	return u.fillSlice(derefedType, value, slice, fullName)
 }
 
+func (u *Unmarshaler) fillStructElement(baseType reflect.Type, target reflect.Value,
+	value any, fullName string) error {
+	val, ok := value.(map[string]any)
+	if !ok {
+		return errTypeMismatch
+	}
+
+	// use Deref(baseType) to get the base type in case the type is a pointer type.
+	ptr := reflect.New(Deref(baseType))
+	if err := u.unmarshal(val, ptr.Interface(), fullName); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	SetValue(baseType, target, ptr.Elem())
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (u *Unmarshaler) fillUnmarshalerStruct(fieldType reflect.Type,
 	value reflect.Value, targetValue string) error {
 	if !value.CanSet() {
@@ -611,6 +604,22 @@ func (u *Unmarshaler) processFieldNotFromString(fieldType reflect.Type, value re
 	case valueKind == reflect.String && typeKind == reflect.Map:
 		return u.fillMapFromString(value, mapValue)
 	case valueKind == reflect.String && typeKind == reflect.Slice:
+		// try to find out if it's a byte slice,
+		// more details https://pkg.go.dev/encoding/json#Marshal
+		// array and slice values encode as JSON arrays,
+		// except that []byte encodes as a base64-encoded string,
+		// and a nil slice encoded as the null JSON value.
+		// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34089750/marshal-byte-to-json-giving-a-strange-string
+		if fieldType.Elem().Kind() == reflect.Uint8 {
+			// check whether string type, because the kind of some other types can be string
+			if strVal, ok := mapValue.(string); ok {
+				if decodedBytes, err := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(strVal); err == nil {
+					value.Set(reflect.ValueOf(decodedBytes))
+					return nil
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
 		return u.fillSliceFromString(fieldType, value, mapValue, fullName)
 	case valueKind == reflect.String && derefedFieldType == durationType:
 		return fillDurationValue(fieldType, value, mapValue.(string))
@@ -811,6 +820,19 @@ func (u *Unmarshaler) processNamedField(field reflect.StructField, value reflect
 		return u.processNamedFieldWithoutValue(field.Type, value, opts, fullName)
 	}
 
+	if u.opts.fromArray {
+		fieldKind := field.Type.Kind()
+		if fieldKind != reflect.Slice && fieldKind != reflect.Array {
+			valueKind := reflect.TypeOf(mapValue).Kind()
+			if valueKind == reflect.Slice || valueKind == reflect.Array {
+				val := reflect.ValueOf(mapValue)
+				if val.Len() > 0 {
+					mapValue = val.Index(0).Interface()
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	return u.processNamedFieldWithValue(field.Type, value, valueWithParent{
 		value:  mapValue,
 		parent: valuer,
@@ -938,6 +960,35 @@ func (u *Unmarshaler) processNamedFieldWithoutValue(fieldType reflect.Type, valu
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (u *Unmarshaler) unmarshal(i, v any, fullName string) error {
+	valueType := reflect.TypeOf(v)
+	if valueType.Kind() != reflect.Ptr {
+		return errValueNotSettable
+	}
+
+	elemType := Deref(valueType)
+	switch iv := i.(type) {
+	case map[string]any:
+		if elemType.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
+			return errTypeMismatch
+		}
+
+		return u.unmarshalValuer(mapValuer(iv), v, fullName)
+	case []any:
+		if elemType.Kind() != reflect.Slice {
+			return errTypeMismatch
+		}
+
+		return u.fillSlice(elemType, reflect.ValueOf(v).Elem(), iv, fullName)
+	default:
+		return errUnsupportedType
+	}
+}
+
+func (u *Unmarshaler) unmarshalValuer(m Valuer, v any, fullName string) error {
+	return u.unmarshalWithFullName(simpleValuer{current: m}, v, fullName)
+}
+
 func (u *Unmarshaler) unmarshalWithFullName(m valuerWithParent, v any, fullName string) error {
 	rv := reflect.ValueOf(v)
 	if err := ValidatePtr(rv); err != nil {
@@ -990,6 +1041,16 @@ func WithDefault() UnmarshalOption {
 	}
 }
 
+// WithFromArray customizes an Unmarshaler with converting array values to non-array types.
+// For example, if the field type is []string, and the value is [hello],
+// the field type can be `string`, instead of `[]string`.
+// Typically, this option is used for unmarshaling from form values.
+func WithFromArray() UnmarshalOption {
+	return func(opt *unmarshalOptions) {
+		opt.fromArray = true
+	}
+}
+
 // WithOpaqueKeys customizes an Unmarshaler with opaque keys.
 // Opaque keys are keys that are not processed by the unmarshaler.
 func WithOpaqueKeys() UnmarshalOption {

core/mapping/unmarshaler_test.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/jsonx"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/stringx"
 )
 
@@ -351,7 +352,7 @@ func TestUnmarshalIntSliceOfPtr(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.Error(t, UnmarshalKey(m, &in))
 	})
 
-	t.Run("int slice with nil", func(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("int slice with nil element", func(t *testing.T) {
 		type inner struct {
 			Ints []int `key:"ints"`
 		}
@@ -365,6 +366,21 @@ func TestUnmarshalIntSliceOfPtr(t *testing.T) {
 			assert.Empty(t, in.Ints)
 		}
 	})
+
+	t.Run("int slice with nil", func(t *testing.T) {
+		type inner struct {
+			Ints []int `key:"ints"`
+		}
+
+		m := map[string]any{
+			"ints": []any(nil),
+		}
+
+		var in inner
+		if assert.NoError(t, UnmarshalKey(m, &in)) {
+			assert.Empty(t, in.Ints)
+		}
+	})
 }
 
 func TestUnmarshalIntWithDefault(t *testing.T) {
@@ -1374,20 +1390,80 @@ func TestUnmarshalWithFloatPtr(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestUnmarshalIntSlice(t *testing.T) {
-	var v struct {
-		Ages  []int `key:"ages"`
-		Slice []int `key:"slice"`
-	}
-	m := map[string]any{
-		"ages":  []int{1, 2},
-		"slice": []any{},
-	}
+	t.Run("int slice from int", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Ages  []int `key:"ages"`
+			Slice []int `key:"slice"`
+		}
+		m := map[string]any{
+			"ages":  []int{1, 2},
+			"slice": []any{},
+		}
 
-	ast := assert.New(t)
-	if ast.NoError(UnmarshalKey(m, &v)) {
-		ast.ElementsMatch([]int{1, 2}, v.Ages)
-		ast.Equal([]int{}, v.Slice)
-	}
+		ast := assert.New(t)
+		if ast.NoError(UnmarshalKey(m, &v)) {
+			ast.ElementsMatch([]int{1, 2}, v.Ages)
+			ast.Equal([]int{}, v.Slice)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("int slice from one int", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Ages []int `key:"ages"`
+		}
+		m := map[string]any{
+			"ages": []int{2},
+		}
+
+		ast := assert.New(t)
+		unmarshaler := NewUnmarshaler(defaultKeyName, WithFromArray())
+		if ast.NoError(unmarshaler.Unmarshal(m, &v)) {
+			ast.ElementsMatch([]int{2}, v.Ages)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("int slice from one int string", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Ages []int `key:"ages"`
+		}
+		m := map[string]any{
+			"ages": []string{"2"},
+		}
+
+		ast := assert.New(t)
+		unmarshaler := NewUnmarshaler(defaultKeyName, WithFromArray())
+		if ast.NoError(unmarshaler.Unmarshal(m, &v)) {
+			ast.ElementsMatch([]int{2}, v.Ages)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("int slice from one json.Number", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Ages []int `key:"ages"`
+		}
+		m := map[string]any{
+			"ages": []json.Number{"2"},
+		}
+
+		ast := assert.New(t)
+		unmarshaler := NewUnmarshaler(defaultKeyName, WithFromArray())
+		if ast.NoError(unmarshaler.Unmarshal(m, &v)) {
+			ast.ElementsMatch([]int{2}, v.Ages)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("int slice from one int strings", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Ages []int `key:"ages"`
+		}
+		m := map[string]any{
+			"ages": []string{"1,2"},
+		}
+
+		ast := assert.New(t)
+		unmarshaler := NewUnmarshaler(defaultKeyName, WithFromArray())
+		ast.Error(unmarshaler.Unmarshal(m, &v))
+	})
 }
 
 func TestUnmarshalString(t *testing.T) {
@@ -1442,6 +1518,51 @@ func TestUnmarshalStringSliceFromString(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	})
 
+	t.Run("slice from empty string", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Names []string `key:"names"`
+		}
+		m := map[string]any{
+			"names": []string{""},
+		}
+
+		ast := assert.New(t)
+		unmarshaler := NewUnmarshaler(defaultKeyName, WithFromArray())
+		if ast.NoError(unmarshaler.Unmarshal(m, &v)) {
+			ast.ElementsMatch([]string{""}, v.Names)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("slice from empty and valid string", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Names []string `key:"names"`
+		}
+		m := map[string]any{
+			"names": []string{","},
+		}
+
+		ast := assert.New(t)
+		unmarshaler := NewUnmarshaler(defaultKeyName, WithFromArray())
+		if ast.NoError(unmarshaler.Unmarshal(m, &v)) {
+			ast.ElementsMatch([]string{","}, v.Names)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("slice from valid strings with comma", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Names []string `key:"names"`
+		}
+		m := map[string]any{
+			"names": []string{"aa,bb"},
+		}
+
+		ast := assert.New(t)
+		unmarshaler := NewUnmarshaler(defaultKeyName, WithFromArray())
+		if ast.NoError(unmarshaler.Unmarshal(m, &v)) {
+			ast.ElementsMatch([]string{"aa,bb"}, v.Names)
+		}
+	})
+
 	t.Run("slice from string with slice error", func(t *testing.T) {
 		var v struct {
 			Names []int `key:"names"`
@@ -4761,14 +4882,28 @@ func TestUnmarshal_EnvWithOptionsWrongValueString(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestUnmarshalJsonReaderMultiArray(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("reader multi array", func(t *testing.T) {
-		var res struct {
+		type testRes struct {
 			A string     `json:"a"`
 			B [][]string `json:"b"`
+			C []byte     `json:"c"`
 		}
-		payload := `{"a": "133", "b": [["add", "cccd"], ["eeee"]]}`
+
+		var res testRes
+		marshal := testRes{
+			A: "133",
+			B: [][]string{
+				{"add", "cccd"},
+				{"eeee"},
+			},
+			C: []byte("11122344wsss"),
+		}
+		bytes, err := jsonx.Marshal(marshal)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		payload := string(bytes)
 		reader := strings.NewReader(payload)
 		if assert.NoError(t, UnmarshalJsonReader(reader, &res)) {
 			assert.Equal(t, 2, len(res.B))
+			assert.Equal(t, string(marshal.C), string(res.C))
 		}
 	})
 
@@ -5639,6 +5774,62 @@ func TestUnmarshalFromStringSliceForTypeMismatch(t *testing.T) {
 	}, &v))
 }
 
+func TestUnmarshalWithFromArray(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("array", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Value []string `key:"value"`
+		}
+		unmarshaler := NewUnmarshaler("key", WithFromArray())
+		if assert.NoError(t, unmarshaler.Unmarshal(map[string]any{
+			"value": []string{"foo", "bar"},
+		}, &v)) {
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, []string{"foo", "bar"}, v.Value)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("not array", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Value string `key:"value"`
+		}
+		unmarshaler := NewUnmarshaler("key", WithFromArray())
+		if assert.NoError(t, unmarshaler.Unmarshal(map[string]any{
+			"value": []string{"foo"},
+		}, &v)) {
+			assert.Equal(t, "foo", v.Value)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("not array and empty", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Value string `key:"value"`
+		}
+		unmarshaler := NewUnmarshaler("key", WithFromArray())
+		if assert.NoError(t, unmarshaler.Unmarshal(map[string]any{
+			"value": []string{""},
+		}, &v)) {
+			assert.Empty(t, v.Value)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("not array and no value", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Value string `key:"value"`
+		}
+		unmarshaler := NewUnmarshaler("key", WithFromArray())
+		assert.Error(t, unmarshaler.Unmarshal(map[string]any{}, &v))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("not array and no value and optional", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Value string `key:"value,optional"`
+		}
+		unmarshaler := NewUnmarshaler("key", WithFromArray())
+		if assert.NoError(t, unmarshaler.Unmarshal(map[string]any{}, &v)) {
+			assert.Empty(t, v.Value)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
 func TestUnmarshalWithOpaqueKeys(t *testing.T) {
 	var v struct {
 		Opaque string `key:"opaque.key"`
@@ -5806,6 +5997,38 @@ func TestUnmarshal_Unmarshaler(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestParseJsonStringValue(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("string", func(t *testing.T) {
+		type GoodsInfo struct {
+			Sku int64 `json:"sku,optional"`
+		}
+
+		type GetReq struct {
+			GoodsList []*GoodsInfo `json:"goods_list"`
+		}
+
+		input := map[string]any{"goods_list": "[{\"sku\":11},{\"sku\":22}]"}
+		var v GetReq
+		assert.NotPanics(t, func() {
+			assert.NoError(t, UnmarshalJsonMap(input, &v))
+			assert.Equal(t, 2, len(v.GoodsList))
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, []int64{11, 22}, []int64{v.GoodsList[0].Sku, v.GoodsList[1].Sku})
+		})
+	})
+
+	t.Run("string with invalid type", func(t *testing.T) {
+		type GetReq struct {
+			GoodsList []*int `json:"goods_list"`
+		}
+
+		input := map[string]any{"goods_list": "[{\"sku\":11},{\"sku\":22}]"}
+		var v GetReq
+		assert.NotPanics(t, func() {
+			assert.Error(t, UnmarshalJsonMap(input, &v))
+		})
+	})
+}
+
 func BenchmarkDefaultValue(b *testing.B) {
 	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
 		var a struct {

core/mr/mapreduce.go

@@ -142,89 +142,6 @@ func MapReduceChan[T, U, V any](source <-chan T, mapper MapperFunc[T, U], reduce
 	return mapReduceWithPanicChan(source, panicChan, mapper, reducer, opts...)
 }
 
-// mapReduceWithPanicChan maps all elements from source, and reduce the output elements with given reducer.
-func mapReduceWithPanicChan[T, U, V any](source <-chan T, panicChan *onceChan, mapper MapperFunc[T, U],
-	reducer ReducerFunc[U, V], opts ...Option) (val V, err error) {
-	options := buildOptions(opts...)
-	// output is used to write the final result
-	output := make(chan V)
-	defer func() {
-		// reducer can only write once, if more, panic
-		for range output {
-			panic("more than one element written in reducer")
-		}
-	}()
-
-	// collector is used to collect data from mapper, and consume in reducer
-	collector := make(chan U, options.workers)
-	// if done is closed, all mappers and reducer should stop processing
-	done := make(chan struct{})
-	writer := newGuardedWriter(options.ctx, output, done)
-	var closeOnce sync.Once
-	// use atomic type to avoid data race
-	var retErr errorx.AtomicError
-	finish := func() {
-		closeOnce.Do(func() {
-			close(done)
-			close(output)
-		})
-	}
-	cancel := once(func(err error) {
-		if err != nil {
-			retErr.Set(err)
-		} else {
-			retErr.Set(ErrCancelWithNil)
-		}
-
-		drain(source)
-		finish()
-	})
-
-	go func() {
-		defer func() {
-			drain(collector)
-			if r := recover(); r != nil {
-				panicChan.write(r)
-			}
-			finish()
-		}()
-
-		reducer(collector, writer, cancel)
-	}()
-
-	go executeMappers(mapperContext[T, U]{
-		ctx: options.ctx,
-		mapper: func(item T, w Writer[U]) {
-			mapper(item, w, cancel)
-		},
-		source:    source,
-		panicChan: panicChan,
-		collector: collector,
-		doneChan:  done,
-		workers:   options.workers,
-	})
-
-	select {
-	case <-options.ctx.Done():
-		cancel(context.DeadlineExceeded)
-		err = context.DeadlineExceeded
-	case v := <-panicChan.channel:
-		// drain output here, otherwise for loop panic in defer
-		drain(output)
-		panic(v)
-	case v, ok := <-output:
-		if e := retErr.Load(); e != nil {
-			err = e
-		} else if ok {
-			val = v
-		} else {
-			err = ErrReduceNoOutput
-		}
-	}
-
-	return
-}
-
 // MapReduceVoid maps all elements generated from given generate,
 // and reduce the output elements with given reducer.
 func MapReduceVoid[T, U any](generate GenerateFunc[T], mapper MapperFunc[T, U],
@@ -330,6 +247,89 @@ func executeMappers[T, U any](mCtx mapperContext[T, U]) {
 	}
 }
 
+// mapReduceWithPanicChan maps all elements from source, and reduce the output elements with given reducer.
+func mapReduceWithPanicChan[T, U, V any](source <-chan T, panicChan *onceChan, mapper MapperFunc[T, U],
+	reducer ReducerFunc[U, V], opts ...Option) (val V, err error) {
+	options := buildOptions(opts...)
+	// output is used to write the final result
+	output := make(chan V)
+	defer func() {
+		// reducer can only write once, if more, panic
+		for range output {
+			panic("more than one element written in reducer")
+		}
+	}()
+
+	// collector is used to collect data from mapper, and consume in reducer
+	collector := make(chan U, options.workers)
+	// if done is closed, all mappers and reducer should stop processing
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	writer := newGuardedWriter(options.ctx, output, done)
+	var closeOnce sync.Once
+	// use atomic type to avoid data race
+	var retErr errorx.AtomicError
+	finish := func() {
+		closeOnce.Do(func() {
+			close(done)
+			close(output)
+		})
+	}
+	cancel := once(func(err error) {
+		if err != nil {
+			retErr.Set(err)
+		} else {
+			retErr.Set(ErrCancelWithNil)
+		}
+
+		drain(source)
+		finish()
+	})
+
+	go func() {
+		defer func() {
+			drain(collector)
+			if r := recover(); r != nil {
+				panicChan.write(r)
+			}
+			finish()
+		}()
+
+		reducer(collector, writer, cancel)
+	}()
+
+	go executeMappers(mapperContext[T, U]{
+		ctx: options.ctx,
+		mapper: func(item T, w Writer[U]) {
+			mapper(item, w, cancel)
+		},
+		source:    source,
+		panicChan: panicChan,
+		collector: collector,
+		doneChan:  done,
+		workers:   options.workers,
+	})
+
+	select {
+	case <-options.ctx.Done():
+		cancel(context.DeadlineExceeded)
+		err = context.DeadlineExceeded
+	case v := <-panicChan.channel:
+		// drain output here, otherwise for loop panic in defer
+		drain(output)
+		panic(v)
+	case v, ok := <-output:
+		if e := retErr.Load(); e != nil {
+			err = e
+		} else if ok {
+			val = v
+		} else {
+			err = ErrReduceNoOutput
+		}
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
 func newOptions() *mapReduceOptions {
 	return &mapReduceOptions{
 		ctx:     context.Background(),
@@ -363,9 +363,7 @@ func newGuardedWriter[T any](ctx context.Context, channel chan<- T, done <-chan
 func (gw guardedWriter[T]) Write(v T) {
 	select {
 	case <-gw.ctx.Done():
-		return
 	case <-gw.done:
-		return
 	default:
 		gw.channel <- v
 	}

core/proc/goroutines.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build linux || darwin
+//go:build linux || darwin || freebsd
 
 package proc
 

core/proc/goroutines_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build linux || darwin
+//go:build linux || darwin || freebsd
 
 package proc
 

core/proc/profile.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build linux || darwin
+//go:build linux || darwin || freebsd
 
 package proc
 

core/proc/shutdown+polyfill.go

@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@ package proc
 
 import "time"
 
+// ShutdownConf is empty on windows.
+type ShutdownConf struct{}
+
 // AddShutdownListener returns fn itself on windows, lets callers call fn on their own.
 func AddShutdownListener(fn func()) func() {
 	return fn
@@ -18,6 +21,10 @@ func AddWrapUpListener(fn func()) func() {
 func SetTimeToForceQuit(duration time.Duration) {
 }
 
+// Setup does nothing on windows.
+func Setup(conf ShutdownConf) {
+}
+
 // Shutdown does nothing on windows.
 func Shutdown() {
 }

core/proc/shutdown.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build linux || darwin
+//go:build linux || darwin || freebsd
 
 package proc
 
@@ -14,17 +14,29 @@ import (
 )
 
 const (
-	wrapUpTime = time.Second
-	// why we use 5500 milliseconds is because most of our queue are blocking mode with 5 seconds
-	waitTime = 5500 * time.Millisecond
+	// defaultWrapUpTime is the default time to wait before calling wrap up listeners.
+	defaultWrapUpTime = time.Second
+	// defaultWaitTime is the default time to wait before force quitting.
+	// why we use 5500 milliseconds is because most of our queues are blocking mode with 5 seconds
+	defaultWaitTime = 5500 * time.Millisecond
 )
 
 var (
-	wrapUpListeners          = new(listenerManager)
-	shutdownListeners        = new(listenerManager)
-	delayTimeBeforeForceQuit = waitTime
+	wrapUpListeners   = new(listenerManager)
+	shutdownListeners = new(listenerManager)
+	wrapUpTime        = defaultWrapUpTime
+	waitTime          = defaultWaitTime
+	shutdownLock      sync.Mutex
 )
 
+// ShutdownConf defines the shutdown configuration for the process.
+type ShutdownConf struct {
+	// WrapUpTime is the time to wait before calling shutdown listeners.
+	WrapUpTime time.Duration `json:",default=1s"`
+	// WaitTime is the time to wait before force quitting.
+	WaitTime time.Duration `json:",default=5.5s"`
+}
+
 // AddShutdownListener adds fn as a shutdown listener.
 // The returned func can be used to wait for fn getting called.
 func AddShutdownListener(fn func()) (waitForCalled func()) {
@@ -39,7 +51,21 @@ func AddWrapUpListener(fn func()) (waitForCalled func()) {
 
 // SetTimeToForceQuit sets the waiting time before force quitting.
 func SetTimeToForceQuit(duration time.Duration) {
-	delayTimeBeforeForceQuit = duration
+	shutdownLock.Lock()
+	defer shutdownLock.Unlock()
+	waitTime = duration
+}
+
+func Setup(conf ShutdownConf) {
+	shutdownLock.Lock()
+	defer shutdownLock.Unlock()
+
+	if conf.WrapUpTime > 0 {
+		wrapUpTime = conf.WrapUpTime
+	}
+	if conf.WaitTime > 0 {
+		waitTime = conf.WaitTime
+	}
 }
 
 // Shutdown calls the registered shutdown listeners, only for test purpose.
@@ -61,8 +87,12 @@ func gracefulStop(signals chan os.Signal, sig syscall.Signal) {
 	time.Sleep(wrapUpTime)
 	go shutdownListeners.notifyListeners()
 
-	time.Sleep(delayTimeBeforeForceQuit - wrapUpTime)
-	logx.Infof("Still alive after %v, going to force kill the process...", delayTimeBeforeForceQuit)
+	shutdownLock.Lock()
+	remainingTime := waitTime - wrapUpTime
+	shutdownLock.Unlock()
+
+	time.Sleep(remainingTime)
+	logx.Infof("Still alive after %v, going to force kill the process...", waitTime)
 	_ = syscall.Kill(syscall.Getpid(), sig)
 }
 
@@ -82,6 +112,9 @@ func (lm *listenerManager) addListener(fn func()) (waitForCalled func()) {
 	})
 	lm.lock.Unlock()
 
+	// we can return lm.waitGroup.Wait directly,
+	// but we want to make the returned func more readable.
+	// creating an extra closure would be negligible in practice.
 	return func() {
 		lm.waitGroup.Wait()
 	}

core/proc/shutdown_test.go

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-//go:build linux || darwin
+//go:build linux || darwin || freebsd
 
 package proc
 
 import (
+	"sync/atomic"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -10,8 +11,12 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestShutdown(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Cleanup(restoreSettings)
+
 	SetTimeToForceQuit(time.Hour)
-	assert.Equal(t, time.Hour, delayTimeBeforeForceQuit)
+	shutdownLock.Lock()
+	assert.Equal(t, time.Hour, waitTime)
+	shutdownLock.Unlock()
 
 	var val int
 	called := AddWrapUpListener(func() {
@@ -29,7 +34,53 @@ func TestShutdown(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, 3, val)
 }
 
+func TestShutdownWithMultipleServices(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Cleanup(restoreSettings)
+
+	SetTimeToForceQuit(time.Hour)
+	shutdownLock.Lock()
+	assert.Equal(t, time.Hour, waitTime)
+	shutdownLock.Unlock()
+
+	var val int32
+	called1 := AddShutdownListener(func() {
+		atomic.AddInt32(&val, 1)
+	})
+	called2 := AddShutdownListener(func() {
+		atomic.AddInt32(&val, 2)
+	})
+	Shutdown()
+	called1()
+	called2()
+
+	assert.Equal(t, int32(3), atomic.LoadInt32(&val))
+}
+
+func TestWrapUpWithMultipleServices(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Cleanup(restoreSettings)
+
+	SetTimeToForceQuit(time.Hour)
+	shutdownLock.Lock()
+	assert.Equal(t, time.Hour, waitTime)
+	shutdownLock.Unlock()
+
+	var val int32
+	called1 := AddWrapUpListener(func() {
+		atomic.AddInt32(&val, 1)
+	})
+	called2 := AddWrapUpListener(func() {
+		atomic.AddInt32(&val, 2)
+	})
+	WrapUp()
+	called1()
+	called2()
+
+	assert.Equal(t, int32(3), atomic.LoadInt32(&val))
+}
+
 func TestNotifyMoreThanOnce(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Cleanup(restoreSettings)
+
 	ch := make(chan struct{}, 1)
 
 	go func() {
@@ -58,3 +109,38 @@ func TestNotifyMoreThanOnce(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal("timeout, check error logs")
 	}
 }
+
+func TestSetup(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("valid time", func(t *testing.T) {
+		defer restoreSettings()
+
+		Setup(ShutdownConf{
+			WrapUpTime: time.Second * 2,
+			WaitTime:   time.Second * 30,
+		})
+
+		shutdownLock.Lock()
+		assert.Equal(t, time.Second*2, wrapUpTime)
+		assert.Equal(t, time.Second*30, waitTime)
+		shutdownLock.Unlock()
+	})
+
+	t.Run("valid time", func(t *testing.T) {
+		defer restoreSettings()
+
+		Setup(ShutdownConf{})
+
+		shutdownLock.Lock()
+		assert.Equal(t, defaultWrapUpTime, wrapUpTime)
+		assert.Equal(t, defaultWaitTime, waitTime)
+		shutdownLock.Unlock()
+	})
+}
+
+func restoreSettings() {
+	shutdownLock.Lock()
+	defer shutdownLock.Unlock()
+
+	wrapUpTime = defaultWrapUpTime
+	waitTime = defaultWaitTime
+}

core/proc/signals.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build linux || darwin
+//go:build linux || darwin || freebsd
 
 package proc
 

core/proc/signals_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build linux || darwin
+//go:build linux || darwin || freebsd
 
 package proc
 

core/service/serviceconf.go

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ type (
 		Prometheus prometheus.Config `json:",optional"`
 		Telemetry  trace.Config      `json:",optional"`
 		DevServer  DevServerConfig   `json:",optional"`
+		Shutdown   proc.ShutdownConf `json:",optional"`
 	}
 )
 
@@ -61,6 +62,7 @@ func (sc ServiceConf) SetUp() error {
 		sc.Telemetry.Name = sc.Name
 	}
 	trace.StartAgent(sc.Telemetry)
+	proc.Setup(sc.Shutdown)
 	proc.AddShutdownListener(func() {
 		trace.StopAgent()
 	})

core/service/servicegroup.go

@@ -76,9 +76,14 @@ func (sg *ServiceGroup) doStart() {
 }
 
 func (sg *ServiceGroup) doStop() {
+	group := threading.NewRoutineGroup()
 	for _, service := range sg.services {
-		service.Stop()
+		// new variable to avoid closure problems, can be removed after go 1.22
+		// see https://golang.org/doc/faq#closures_and_goroutines
+		service := service
+		group.Run(service.Stop)
 	}
+	group.Wait()
 }
 
 // WithStart wraps a start func as a Service.

core/stores/mon/clientmanager_test.go

@@ -7,6 +7,10 @@ import (
 	"go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/mongo/integration/mtest"
 )
 
+func init() {
+	_ = mtest.Setup()
+}
+
 func TestClientManger_getClient(t *testing.T) {
 	mt := mtest.New(t, mtest.NewOptions().ClientType(mtest.Mock))
 	mt.Run("test", func(mt *mtest.T) {

core/stores/mon/collection.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package mon
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/breaker"
@@ -15,7 +16,8 @@ import (
 const (
 	defaultSlowThreshold = time.Millisecond * 500
 	// spanName is the span name of the mongo calls.
-	spanName = "mongo"
+	spanName         = "mongo"
+	duplicateKeyCode = 11000
 
 	// mongodb method names
 	aggregate              = "Aggregate"
@@ -527,10 +529,20 @@ func (p keepablePromise) keep(err error) error {
 }
 
 func acceptable(err error) bool {
-	return err == nil || errorx.In(err, mongo.ErrNoDocuments, mongo.ErrNilValue,
-		mongo.ErrNilDocument, mongo.ErrNilCursor, mongo.ErrEmptySlice,
-		// session errors
-		session.ErrSessionEnded, session.ErrNoTransactStarted, session.ErrTransactInProgress,
-		session.ErrAbortAfterCommit, session.ErrAbortTwice, session.ErrCommitAfterAbort,
-		session.ErrUnackWCUnsupported, session.ErrSnapshotTransaction)
+	return err == nil || isDupKeyError(err) ||
+		errorx.In(err, mongo.ErrNoDocuments, mongo.ErrNilValue,
+			mongo.ErrNilDocument, mongo.ErrNilCursor, mongo.ErrEmptySlice,
+			// session errors
+			session.ErrSessionEnded, session.ErrNoTransactStarted, session.ErrTransactInProgress,
+			session.ErrAbortAfterCommit, session.ErrAbortTwice, session.ErrCommitAfterAbort,
+			session.ErrUnackWCUnsupported, session.ErrSnapshotTransaction)
+}
+
+func isDupKeyError(err error) bool {
+	var e mongo.WriteException
+	if !errors.As(err, &e) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return e.HasErrorCode(duplicateKeyCode)
 }

core/stores/mon/collection_test.go

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import (
 	"go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/mongo"
 	"go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/mongo/integration/mtest"
 	mopt "go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/mongo/options"
+	"go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver/x/mongo/driver/session"
 )
 
 var errDummy = errors.New("dummy")
@@ -572,6 +573,56 @@ func TestDecoratedCollection_LogDuration(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Contains(t, buf.String(), "slowcall")
 }
 
+func TestAcceptable(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		err  error
+		want bool
+	}{
+		{"NilError", nil, true},
+		{"NoDocuments", mongo.ErrNoDocuments, true},
+		{"NilValue", mongo.ErrNilValue, true},
+		{"NilDocument", mongo.ErrNilDocument, true},
+		{"NilCursor", mongo.ErrNilCursor, true},
+		{"EmptySlice", mongo.ErrEmptySlice, true},
+		{"SessionEnded", session.ErrSessionEnded, true},
+		{"NoTransactStarted", session.ErrNoTransactStarted, true},
+		{"TransactInProgress", session.ErrTransactInProgress, true},
+		{"AbortAfterCommit", session.ErrAbortAfterCommit, true},
+		{"AbortTwice", session.ErrAbortTwice, true},
+		{"CommitAfterAbort", session.ErrCommitAfterAbort, true},
+		{"UnackWCUnsupported", session.ErrUnackWCUnsupported, true},
+		{"SnapshotTransaction", session.ErrSnapshotTransaction, true},
+		{"DuplicateKeyError", mongo.WriteException{WriteErrors: []mongo.WriteError{{Code: duplicateKeyCode}}}, true},
+		{"OtherError", errors.New("other error"), false},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.want, acceptable(tt.err))
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsDupKeyError(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		err  error
+		want bool
+	}{
+		{"NilError", nil, false},
+		{"NonDupKeyError", errors.New("some other error"), false},
+		{"DupKeyError", mongo.WriteException{WriteErrors: []mongo.WriteError{{Code: duplicateKeyCode}}}, true},
+		{"OtherMongoError", mongo.WriteException{WriteErrors: []mongo.WriteError{{Code: 12345}}}, false},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.want, isDupKeyError(tt.err))
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 type mockPromise struct {
 	accepted bool
 	reason   string

core/stores/redis/conf.go

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ type (
 	RedisConf struct {
 		Host     string
 		Type     string `json:",default=node,options=node|cluster"`
+		User     string `json:",optional"`
 		Pass     string `json:",optional"`
 		Tls      bool   `json:",optional"`
 		NonBlock bool   `json:",default=true"`
@@ -40,6 +41,9 @@ func (rc RedisConf) NewRedis() *Redis {
 	if rc.Type == ClusterType {
 		opts = append(opts, Cluster())
 	}
+	if len(rc.User) > 0 {
+		opts = append(opts, WithUser(rc.User))
+	}
 	if len(rc.Pass) > 0 {
 		opts = append(opts, WithPass(rc.Pass))
 	}

core/stores/redis/redis.go

@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ type (
 	Redis struct {
 		Addr  string
 		Type  string
+		User  string
 		Pass  string
 		tls   bool
 		brk   breaker.Breaker
@@ -90,6 +91,18 @@ type (
 	StringCmd = red.StringCmd
 	// Script is an alias of redis.Script.
 	Script = red.Script
+
+	// Hook is an alias of redis.Hook.
+	Hook = red.Hook
+	// DialHook is an alias of redis.DialHook.
+	DialHook = red.DialHook
+	// ProcessHook is an alias of redis.ProcessHook.
+	ProcessHook = red.ProcessHook
+	// ProcessPipelineHook is an alias of redis.ProcessPipelineHook.
+	ProcessPipelineHook = red.ProcessPipelineHook
+
+	// Cmder is an alias of redis.Cmder.
+	Cmder = red.Cmder
 )
 
 // MustNewRedis returns a Redis with given options.
@@ -114,6 +127,9 @@ func NewRedis(conf RedisConf, opts ...Option) (*Redis, error) {
 	if conf.Type == ClusterType {
 		opts = append([]Option{Cluster()}, opts...)
 	}
+	if len(conf.User) > 0 {
+		opts = append([]Option{WithUser(conf.User)}, opts...)
+	}
 	if len(conf.Pass) > 0 {
 		opts = append([]Option{WithPass(conf.Pass)}, opts...)
 	}
@@ -593,6 +609,28 @@ func (s *Redis) GetBitCtx(ctx context.Context, key string, offset int64) (int, e
 	return int(v), nil
 }
 
+// GetDel is the implementation of redis getdel command.
+// Available since: redis version 6.2.0
+func (s *Redis) GetDel(key string) (string, error) {
+	return s.GetDelCtx(context.Background(), key)
+}
+
+// GetDelCtx is the implementation of redis getdel command.
+// Available since: redis version 6.2.0
+func (s *Redis) GetDelCtx(ctx context.Context, key string) (string, error) {
+	conn, err := getRedis(s)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	val, err := conn.GetDel(ctx, key).Result()
+	if errors.Is(err, red.Nil) {
+		return "", nil
+	}
+
+	return val, err
+}
+
 // GetSet is the implementation of redis getset command.
 func (s *Redis) GetSet(key, value string) (string, error) {
 	return s.GetSetCtx(context.Background(), key, value)
@@ -1185,6 +1223,18 @@ func (s *Redis) PipelinedCtx(ctx context.Context, fn func(Pipeliner) error) erro
 	return err
 }
 
+func (s *Redis) Publish(channel string, message interface{}) (int64, error) {
+	return s.PublishCtx(context.Background(), channel, message)
+}
+
+func (s *Redis) PublishCtx(ctx context.Context, channel string, message interface{}) (int64, error) {
+	conn, err := getRedis(s)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return conn.Publish(ctx, channel, message).Result()
+}
+
 // Rpop is the implementation of redis rpop command.
 func (s *Redis) Rpop(key string) (string, error) {
 	return s.RpopCtx(context.Background(), key)
@@ -1235,6 +1285,18 @@ func (s *Redis) RpushCtx(ctx context.Context, key string, values ...any) (int, e
 	return int(v), nil
 }
 
+func (s *Redis) RPopLPush(source string, destination string) (string, error) {
+	return s.RPopLPushCtx(context.Background(), source, destination)
+}
+
+func (s *Redis) RPopLPushCtx(ctx context.Context, source string, destination string) (string, error) {
+	conn, err := getRedis(s)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return conn.RPopLPush(ctx, source, destination).Result()
+}
+
 // Sadd is the implementation of redis sadd command.
 func (s *Redis) Sadd(key string, values ...any) (int, error) {
 	return s.SaddCtx(context.Background(), key, values...)
@@ -1633,6 +1695,26 @@ func (s *Redis) TtlCtx(ctx context.Context, key string) (int, error) {
 	return int(duration), nil
 }
 
+func (s *Redis) TxPipeline() (pipe Pipeliner, err error) {
+	conn, err := getRedis(s)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return conn.TxPipeline(), nil
+}
+
+func (s *Redis) Unlink(keys ...string) (int64, error) {
+	return s.UnlinkCtx(context.Background(), keys...)
+}
+
+func (s *Redis) UnlinkCtx(ctx context.Context, keys ...string) (int64, error) {
+	conn, err := getRedis(s)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return conn.Unlink(ctx, keys...).Result()
+}
+
 // Zadd is the implementation of redis zadd command.
 func (s *Redis) Zadd(key string, score int64, value string) (bool, error) {
 	return s.ZaddCtx(context.Background(), key, score, value)
@@ -2349,6 +2431,13 @@ func SetSlowThreshold(threshold time.Duration) {
 	slowThreshold.Set(threshold)
 }
 
+// WithHook customizes the given Redis with given durationHook.
+func WithHook(hook Hook) Option {
+	return func(r *Redis) {
+		r.hooks = append(r.hooks, hook)
+	}
+}
+
 // WithPass customizes the given Redis with given password.
 func WithPass(pass string) Option {
 	return func(r *Redis) {
@@ -2363,11 +2452,10 @@ func WithTLS() Option {
 	}
 }
 
-// withHook customizes the given Redis with given durationHook, only for private use now,
-// maybe expose later.
-func withHook(hook red.Hook) Option {
+// WithUser customizes the given Redis with given username.
+func WithUser(user string) Option {
 	return func(r *Redis) {
-		r.hooks = append(r.hooks, hook)
+		r.User = user
 	}
 }
 

core/stores/redis/redis_test.go

@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ func TestRedis_NonBlock(t *testing.T) {
 			Host:     s.Addr(),
 			NonBlock: true,
 			Type:     NodeType,
-		}, withHook(myHook{includePing: true}))
+		}, WithHook(myHook{includePing: true}))
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 	})
 
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ func TestRedis_NonBlock(t *testing.T) {
 			Host:     s.Addr(),
 			NonBlock: false,
 			Type:     NodeType,
-		}, withHook(myHook{includePing: true}))
+		}, WithHook(myHook{includePing: true}))
 		assert.ErrorContains(t, err, "redis connect error")
 	})
 }
@@ -1071,6 +1071,34 @@ func TestRedis_Set(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestRedis_GetDel(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("get_del", func(t *testing.T) {
+		runOnRedis(t, func(client *Redis) {
+			val, err := newRedis(client.Addr).GetDel("hello")
+			assert.Equal(t, "", val)
+			assert.Nil(t, err)
+			err = client.Set("hello", "world")
+			assert.Nil(t, err)
+			val, err = client.Get("hello")
+			assert.Nil(t, err)
+			assert.Equal(t, "world", val)
+			val, err = client.GetDel("hello")
+			assert.Nil(t, err)
+			assert.Equal(t, "world", val)
+			val, err = client.Get("hello")
+			assert.Nil(t, err)
+			assert.Equal(t, "", val)
+		})
+	})
+
+	t.Run("get_del_with_error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		runOnRedisWithError(t, func(client *Redis) {
+			_, err := newRedis(client.Addr, badType()).GetDel("hello")
+			assert.Error(t, err)
+		})
+	})
+}
+
 func TestRedis_GetSet(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("set_get", func(t *testing.T) {
 		runOnRedis(t, func(client *Redis) {
@@ -1996,9 +2024,9 @@ func TestSetSlowThreshold(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, time.Second, slowThreshold.Load())
 }
 
-func TestRedis_WithPass(t *testing.T) {
+func TestRedis_WithUserPass(t *testing.T) {
 	runOnRedis(t, func(client *Redis) {
-		err := newRedis(client.Addr, WithPass("any")).Ping()
+		err := newRedis(client.Addr, WithUser("any"), WithPass("any")).Ping()
 		assert.NotNil(t, err)
 	})
 }
@@ -2080,3 +2108,70 @@ func (n mockedNode) BLPop(_ context.Context, _ time.Duration, _ ...string) *red.
 
 	return cmd
 }
+
+func TestRedisPublish(t *testing.T) {
+	runOnRedis(t, func(client *Redis) {
+		_, err := newRedis(client.Addr, badType()).Publish("Test", "message")
+		assert.NotNil(t, err)
+		_, err = client.Publish("Test", "message")
+		assert.Nil(t, err)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestRedisRPopLPush(t *testing.T) {
+	runOnRedis(t, func(client *Redis) {
+		_, err := newRedis(client.Addr, badType()).RPopLPush("Source", "Destination")
+		assert.NotNil(t, err)
+		_, err = client.Rpush("Source", "Destination")
+		assert.Nil(t, err)
+		_, err = client.RPopLPush("Source", "Destination")
+		assert.Nil(t, err)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestRedisUnlink(t *testing.T) {
+	runOnRedis(t, func(client *Redis) {
+		_, err := newRedis(client.Addr, badType()).Unlink("Key1", "Key2")
+		assert.NotNil(t, err)
+		err = client.Set("Key1", "Key2")
+		assert.Nil(t, err)
+		get, err := client.Get("Key1")
+		assert.Nil(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, "Key2", get)
+		res, err := client.Unlink("Key1")
+		assert.Nil(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, int64(1), res)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestRedisTxPipeline(t *testing.T) {
+	runOnRedis(t, func(client *Redis) {
+		ctx := context.Background()
+		_, err := newRedis(client.Addr, badType()).TxPipeline()
+		assert.NotNil(t, err)
+		pipe, err := client.TxPipeline()
+		assert.Nil(t, err)
+		key := "key"
+		hashKey := "field"
+		hashValue := "value"
+
+		// setting value
+		pipe.HSet(ctx, key, hashKey, hashValue)
+
+		existsCmd := pipe.Exists(ctx, key)
+		getCmd := pipe.HGet(ctx, key, hashKey)
+
+		// execution
+		_, err = pipe.Exec(ctx)
+		assert.Nil(t, err)
+
+		// verification results
+		exists, err := existsCmd.Result()
+		assert.Nil(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, int64(1), exists)
+
+		value, err := getCmd.Result()
+		assert.Nil(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, hashValue, value)
+	})
+}

core/stores/redis/redisblockingnode.go

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ func CreateBlockingNode(r *Redis) (ClosableNode, error) {
 	case NodeType:
 		client := red.NewClient(&red.Options{
 			Addr:         r.Addr,
+			Username:     r.User,
 			Password:     r.Pass,
 			DB:           defaultDatabase,
 			MaxRetries:   maxRetries,
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ func CreateBlockingNode(r *Redis) (ClosableNode, error) {
 	case ClusterType:
 		client := red.NewClusterClient(&red.ClusterOptions{
 			Addrs:        splitClusterAddrs(r.Addr),
+			Username:     r.User,
 			Password:     r.Pass,
 			MaxRetries:   maxRetries,
 			PoolSize:     1,

core/stores/redis/redisclientmanager.go

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ func getClient(r *Redis) (*red.Client, error) {
 		}
 		store := red.NewClient(&red.Options{
 			Addr:         r.Addr,
+			Username:     r.User,
 			Password:     r.Pass,
 			DB:           defaultDatabase,
 			MaxRetries:   maxRetries,

core/stores/redis/redisclustermanager.go

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ func getCluster(r *Redis) (*red.ClusterClient, error) {
 		}
 		store := red.NewClusterClient(&red.ClusterOptions{
 			Addrs:        splitClusterAddrs(r.Addr),
+			Username:     r.User,
 			Password:     r.Pass,
 			MaxRetries:   maxRetries,
 			MinIdleConns: idleConns,

core/stores/sqlc/cachedsql.go

@@ -190,6 +190,17 @@ func (cc CachedConn) QueryRowNoCacheCtx(ctx context.Context, v any, q string,
 	return cc.db.QueryRowCtx(ctx, v, q, args...)
 }
 
+// QueryRowPartialNoCache unmarshals into v with given statement.
+func (cc CachedConn) QueryRowPartialNoCache(v any, q string, args ...any) error {
+	return cc.QueryRowPartialNoCacheCtx(context.Background(), v, q, args...)
+}
+
+// QueryRowPartialNoCacheCtx unmarshals into v with given statement.
+func (cc CachedConn) QueryRowPartialNoCacheCtx(ctx context.Context, v any, q string,
+	args ...any) error {
+	return cc.db.QueryRowPartialCtx(ctx, v, q, args...)
+}
+
 // QueryRowsNoCache unmarshals into v with given statement.
 // It doesn't use cache, because it might cause consistency problem.
 func (cc CachedConn) QueryRowsNoCache(v any, q string, args ...any) error {
@@ -203,6 +214,19 @@ func (cc CachedConn) QueryRowsNoCacheCtx(ctx context.Context, v any, q string,
 	return cc.db.QueryRowsCtx(ctx, v, q, args...)
 }
 
+// QueryRowsPartialNoCache unmarshals into v with given statement.
+// It doesn't use cache, because it might cause consistency problem.
+func (cc CachedConn) QueryRowsPartialNoCache(v any, q string, args ...any) error {
+	return cc.QueryRowsPartialNoCacheCtx(context.Background(), v, q, args...)
+}
+
+// QueryRowsPartialNoCacheCtx unmarshals into v with given statement.
+// It doesn't use cache, because it might cause consistency problem.
+func (cc CachedConn) QueryRowsPartialNoCacheCtx(ctx context.Context, v any, q string,
+	args ...any) error {
+	return cc.db.QueryRowsPartialCtx(ctx, v, q, args...)
+}
+
 // SetCache sets v into cache with given key.
 func (cc CachedConn) SetCache(key string, val any) error {
 	return cc.SetCacheCtx(context.Background(), key, val)

core/stores/sqlc/cachedsql_test.go

@@ -579,6 +579,48 @@ func TestQueryRowNoCache(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.True(t, ran)
 }
 
+func TestQueryRowPartialNoCache(t *testing.T) {
+	r := redistest.CreateRedis(t)
+
+	const (
+		key   = "user"
+		value = "any"
+	)
+	var user string
+	var ran bool
+	conn := dummySqlConn{queryRow: func(v any, q string, args ...any) error {
+		user = value
+		ran = true
+		return nil
+	}}
+	c := NewNodeConn(&conn, r, cache.WithExpiry(time.Second*30))
+	err := c.QueryRowPartialNoCache(&user, key)
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, value, user)
+	assert.True(t, ran)
+}
+
+func TestQueryRowsPartialNoCache(t *testing.T) {
+	r := redistest.CreateRedis(t)
+
+	var (
+		key    = "user"
+		values = []string{"any", "any"}
+	)
+	var users []string
+	var ran bool
+	conn := dummySqlConn{queryRows: func(v any, q string, args ...any) error {
+		users = values
+		ran = true
+		return nil
+	}}
+	c := NewNodeConn(&conn, r, cache.WithExpiry(time.Second*30))
+	err := c.QueryRowsPartialNoCache(&users, key)
+	assert.Nil(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, values, users)
+	assert.True(t, ran)
+}
+
 func TestNewConnWithCache(t *testing.T) {
 	r := redistest.CreateRedis(t)
 
@@ -716,7 +758,8 @@ func resetStats() {
 }
 
 type dummySqlConn struct {
-	queryRow func(any, string, ...any) error
+	queryRow  func(any, string, ...any) error
+	queryRows func(any, string, ...any) error
 }
 
 func (d dummySqlConn) ExecCtx(_ context.Context, _ string, _ ...any) (sql.Result, error) {
@@ -727,7 +770,11 @@ func (d dummySqlConn) PrepareCtx(_ context.Context, _ string) (sqlx.StmtSession,
 	return nil, nil
 }
 
-func (d dummySqlConn) QueryRowPartialCtx(_ context.Context, _ any, _ string, _ ...any) error {
+func (d dummySqlConn) QueryRowPartialCtx(_ context.Context, v any, query string, args ...any) error {
+	if d.queryRow != nil {
+		return d.queryRow(v, query, args...)
+	}
+
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -735,7 +782,11 @@ func (d dummySqlConn) QueryRowsCtx(_ context.Context, _ any, _ string, _ ...any)
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (d dummySqlConn) QueryRowsPartialCtx(_ context.Context, _ any, _ string, _ ...any) error {
+func (d dummySqlConn) QueryRowsPartialCtx(_ context.Context, v any, query string, args ...any) error {
+	if d.queryRows != nil {
+		return d.queryRows(v, query, args...)
+	}
+
 	return nil
 }
 

core/stores/sqlx/metrics.go

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ var (
 
 type (
 	statGetter struct {
+		host      string
 		dbName    string
 		hash      string
 		poolStats func() sql.DBStats

core/stores/sqlx/sqlmanager.go

@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 package sqlx
 
 import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
 	"database/sql"
+	"encoding/hex"
 	"io"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logx"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/syncx"
 )
 
@@ -23,6 +27,23 @@ func getCachedSqlConn(driverName, server string) (*sql.DB, error) {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 
+		if driverName != mysqlDriverName {
+			if cfg, e := mysql.ParseDSN(server); e != nil {
+				// if cannot parse, don't collect the metrics
+				logx.Error(e)
+			} else {
+				checksum := sha256.Sum256([]byte(server))
+				connCollector.registerClient(&statGetter{
+					host:   cfg.Addr,
+					dbName: cfg.DBName,
+					hash:   hex.EncodeToString(checksum[:]),
+					poolStats: func() sql.DBStats {
+						return conn.Stats()
+					},
+				})
+			}
+		}
+
 		return conn, nil
 	})
 	if err != nil {

core/stringx/node_fuzz_test.go

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ func FuzzNodeFind(f *testing.F) {
 		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "text:\n\t%s\n", str)
 		defer func() {
 			if r := recover(); r != nil {
-				t.Errorf(buf.String())
+				t.Error(buf.String())
 			}
 		}()
 		assert.ElementsMatchf(t, scopes, n.find([]rune(str)), buf.String())

core/threading/stablerunner.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"runtime"
 	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
+	"time"
 )
 
 const factor = 10
@@ -100,6 +101,6 @@ func (r *StableRunner[I, O]) Wait() {
 	close(r.done)
 	r.runner.Wait()
 	for atomic.LoadUint64(&r.consumedIndex) < atomic.LoadUint64(&r.writtenIndex) {
-		runtime.Gosched()
+		time.Sleep(time.Millisecond)
 	}
 }

core/trace/message_test.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/attribute"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/codes"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace"
@@ -13,8 +14,9 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestMessageType_Event(t *testing.T) {
-	var span mockSpan
-	ctx := trace.ContextWithSpan(context.Background(), &span)
+	ctx, s := otel.Tracer(TraceName).Start(context.Background(), "test")
+	span := mockSpan{Span: s}
+	ctx = trace.ContextWithSpan(ctx, &span)
 	MessageReceived.Event(ctx, 1, "foo")
 	assert.Equal(t, messageEvent, span.name)
 	assert.NotEmpty(t, span.options)
@@ -30,6 +32,7 @@ func TestMessageType_EventProtoMessage(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 type mockSpan struct {
+	trace.Span
 	name    string
 	options []trace.EventOption
 }

gateway/config.go

@@ -12,14 +12,22 @@ type (
 		Upstreams []Upstream
 	}
 
+	// HttpClientConf is the configuration for an HTTP client.
+	HttpClientConf struct {
+		Target  string
+		Prefix  string `json:",optional"`
+		Timeout int64  `json:",default=3000"`
+	}
+
 	// RouteMapping is a mapping between a gateway route and an upstream rpc method.
 	RouteMapping struct {
 		// Method is the HTTP method, like GET, POST, PUT, DELETE.
 		Method string
 		// Path is the HTTP path.
 		Path string
-		// RpcPath is the gRPC rpc method, with format of package.service/method
-		RpcPath string
+		// RpcPath is the gRPC rpc method, with format of package.service/method, optional.
+		// If the mapping is for HTTP, it's not necessary.
+		RpcPath string `json:",optional"`
 	}
 
 	// Upstream is the configuration for an upstream.
@@ -27,12 +35,14 @@ type (
 		// Name is the name of the upstream.
 		Name string `json:",optional"`
 		// Grpc is the target of the upstream.
-		Grpc zrpc.RpcClientConf
+		Grpc *zrpc.RpcClientConf `json:",optional"`
+		// Http is the target of the upstream.
+		Http *HttpClientConf `json:",optional=!grpc"`
 		// ProtoSets is the file list of proto set, like [hello.pb].
 		// if your proto file import another proto file, you need to write multi-file slice,
 		// like [hello.pb, common.pb].
 		ProtoSets []string `json:",optional"`
-		// Mappings is the mapping between gateway routes and Upstream rpc methods.
+		// Mappings is the mapping between gateway routes and Upstream methods.
 		// Keep it blank if annotations are added in rpc methods.
 		Mappings []RouteMapping `json:",optional"`
 	}

gateway/server.go

@@ -3,26 +3,35 @@ package gateway
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
+	"io"
 	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
 	"strings"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/fullstorydev/grpcurl"
 	"github.com/golang/protobuf/jsonpb"
 	"github.com/jhump/protoreflect/grpcreflect"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logc"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logx"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/mr"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/threading"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/gateway/internal"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/rest"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/rest/httpc"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/rest/httpx"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/zrpc"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
 )
 
+const defaultHttpScheme = "http"
+
 type (
 	// Server is a gateway server.
 	Server struct {
 		*rest.Server
 		upstreams     []Upstream
+		conns         []zrpc.Client
 		processHeader func(http.Header) []string
 		dialer        func(conf zrpc.RpcClientConf) zrpc.Client
 	}
@@ -51,8 +60,24 @@ func (s *Server) Start() {
 }
 
 // Stop stops the gateway server.
+// To get a graceful shutdown, it stops the HTTP server first, then closes gRPC connections.
 func (s *Server) Stop() {
+	// stop the HTTP server first, then close gRPC connections.
+	// in case the gRPC server is stopped first,
+	// the HTTP server may still be running to accept requests.
 	s.Server.Stop()
+
+	group := threading.NewRoutineGroup()
+	for _, conn := range s.conns {
+		// new variable to avoid closure problems, can be removed after go 1.22
+		// see https://golang.org/doc/faq#closures_and_goroutines
+		conn := conn
+		group.Run(func() {
+			// ignore the error when closing the connection
+			_ = conn.Conn().Close()
+		})
+	}
+	group.Wait()
 }
 
 func (s *Server) build() error {
@@ -65,51 +90,11 @@ func (s *Server) build() error {
 			source <- up
 		}
 	}, func(up Upstream, writer mr.Writer[rest.Route], cancel func(error)) {
-		var cli zrpc.Client
-		if s.dialer != nil {
-			cli = s.dialer(up.Grpc)
-		} else {
-			cli = zrpc.MustNewClient(up.Grpc)
-		}
-
-		source, err := s.createDescriptorSource(cli, up)
-		if err != nil {
-			cancel(fmt.Errorf("%s: %w", up.Name, err))
-			return
-		}
-
-		methods, err := internal.GetMethods(source)
-		if err != nil {
-			cancel(fmt.Errorf("%s: %w", up.Name, err))
-			return
-		}
-
-		resolver := grpcurl.AnyResolverFromDescriptorSource(source)
-		for _, m := range methods {
-			if len(m.HttpMethod) > 0 && len(m.HttpPath) > 0 {
-				writer.Write(rest.Route{
-					Method:  m.HttpMethod,
-					Path:    m.HttpPath,
-					Handler: s.buildHandler(source, resolver, cli, m.RpcPath),
-				})
-			}
-		}
-
-		methodSet := make(map[string]struct{})
-		for _, m := range methods {
-			methodSet[m.RpcPath] = struct{}{}
-		}
-		for _, m := range up.Mappings {
-			if _, ok := methodSet[m.RpcPath]; !ok {
-				cancel(fmt.Errorf("%s: rpc method %s not found", up.Name, m.RpcPath))
-				return
-			}
-
-			writer.Write(rest.Route{
-				Method:  strings.ToUpper(m.Method),
-				Path:    m.Path,
-				Handler: s.buildHandler(source, resolver, cli, m.RpcPath),
-			})
+		// up.Grpc and up.Http are exclusive
+		if up.Grpc != nil {
+			s.buildGrpcRoute(up, writer, cancel)
+		} else if up.Http != nil {
+			s.buildHttpRoute(up, writer)
 		}
 	}, func(pipe <-chan rest.Route, cancel func(error)) {
 		for route := range pipe {
@@ -118,7 +103,7 @@ func (s *Server) build() error {
 	})
 }
 
-func (s *Server) buildHandler(source grpcurl.DescriptorSource, resolver jsonpb.AnyResolver,
+func (s *Server) buildGrpcHandler(source grpcurl.DescriptorSource, resolver jsonpb.AnyResolver,
 	cli zrpc.Client, rpcPath string) func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) {
 	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		parser, err := internal.NewRequestParser(r, resolver)
@@ -141,31 +126,121 @@ func (s *Server) buildHandler(source grpcurl.DescriptorSource, resolver jsonpb.A
 	}
 }
 
-func (s *Server) createDescriptorSource(cli zrpc.Client, up Upstream) (grpcurl.DescriptorSource, error) {
-	var source grpcurl.DescriptorSource
-	var err error
-
-	if len(up.ProtoSets) > 0 {
-		source, err = grpcurl.DescriptorSourceFromProtoSets(up.ProtoSets...)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
+func (s *Server) buildGrpcRoute(up Upstream, writer mr.Writer[rest.Route], cancel func(error)) {
+	var cli zrpc.Client
+	if s.dialer != nil {
+		cli = s.dialer(*up.Grpc)
 	} else {
-		client := grpcreflect.NewClientAuto(context.Background(), cli.Conn())
-		source = grpcurl.DescriptorSourceFromServer(context.Background(), client)
+		cli = zrpc.MustNewClient(*up.Grpc)
+	}
+	s.conns = append(s.conns, cli)
+
+	source, err := createDescriptorSource(cli, up)
+	if err != nil {
+		cancel(fmt.Errorf("%s: %w", up.Name, err))
+		return
 	}
 
-	return source, nil
+	methods, err := internal.GetMethods(source)
+	if err != nil {
+		cancel(fmt.Errorf("%s: %w", up.Name, err))
+		return
+	}
+
+	resolver := grpcurl.AnyResolverFromDescriptorSource(source)
+	for _, m := range methods {
+		if len(m.HttpMethod) > 0 && len(m.HttpPath) > 0 {
+			writer.Write(rest.Route{
+				Method:  m.HttpMethod,
+				Path:    m.HttpPath,
+				Handler: s.buildGrpcHandler(source, resolver, cli, m.RpcPath),
+			})
+		}
+	}
+
+	methodSet := make(map[string]struct{})
+	for _, m := range methods {
+		methodSet[m.RpcPath] = struct{}{}
+	}
+	for _, m := range up.Mappings {
+		if _, ok := methodSet[m.RpcPath]; !ok {
+			cancel(fmt.Errorf("%s: rpc method %s not found", up.Name, m.RpcPath))
+			return
+		}
+
+		writer.Write(rest.Route{
+			Method:  strings.ToUpper(m.Method),
+			Path:    m.Path,
+			Handler: s.buildGrpcHandler(source, resolver, cli, m.RpcPath),
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *Server) buildHttpHandler(target *HttpClientConf) http.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.Header().Set(httpx.ContentType, httpx.JsonContentType)
+		req, err := buildRequestWithNewTarget(r, target)
+		if err != nil {
+			httpx.ErrorCtx(r.Context(), w, err)
+			return
+		}
+
+		// set the timeout if it's configured, take effect only if it's greater than 0
+		// and less than the deadline of the original request
+		if target.Timeout > 0 {
+			timeout := time.Duration(target.Timeout) * time.Millisecond
+			ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(r.Context(), timeout)
+			defer cancel()
+			req = req.WithContext(ctx)
+		}
+
+		resp, err := httpc.DoRequest(req)
+		if err != nil {
+			httpx.ErrorCtx(r.Context(), w, err)
+			return
+		}
+		defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+		for key, values := range resp.Header {
+			for _, value := range values {
+				w.Header().Add(key, value)
+			}
+		}
+
+		w.WriteHeader(resp.StatusCode)
+		if _, err = io.Copy(w, resp.Body); err != nil {
+			// log the error with original request info
+			logc.Error(r.Context(), err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *Server) buildHttpRoute(up Upstream, writer mr.Writer[rest.Route]) {
+	for _, m := range up.Mappings {
+		writer.Write(rest.Route{
+			Method:  strings.ToUpper(m.Method),
+			Path:    m.Path,
+			Handler: s.buildHttpHandler(up.Http),
+		})
+	}
 }
 
 func (s *Server) ensureUpstreamNames() error {
 	for i := 0; i < len(s.upstreams); i++ {
-		target, err := s.upstreams[i].Grpc.BuildTarget()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
+		if len(s.upstreams[i].Name) > 0 {
+			continue
 		}
 
-		s.upstreams[i].Name = target
+		if s.upstreams[i].Grpc != nil {
+			target, err := s.upstreams[i].Grpc.BuildTarget()
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			s.upstreams[i].Name = target
+		} else if s.upstreams[i].Http != nil {
+			s.upstreams[i].Name = s.upstreams[i].Http.Target
+		}
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -188,6 +263,53 @@ func WithHeaderProcessor(processHeader func(http.Header) []string) func(*Server)
 	}
 }
 
+func buildRequestWithNewTarget(r *http.Request, target *HttpClientConf) (*http.Request, error) {
+	u := *r.URL
+	u.Host = target.Target
+	if len(u.Scheme) == 0 {
+		u.Scheme = defaultHttpScheme
+	}
+
+	if len(target.Prefix) > 0 {
+		var err error
+		u.Path, err = url.JoinPath(target.Prefix, u.Path)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	newReq := &http.Request{
+		Method:        r.Method,
+		URL:           &u,
+		Header:        r.Header.Clone(),
+		Proto:         r.Proto,
+		ProtoMajor:    r.ProtoMajor,
+		ProtoMinor:    r.ProtoMinor,
+		ContentLength: r.ContentLength,
+		Body:          io.NopCloser(r.Body),
+	}
+
+	// make sure the context is passed to the new request
+	return newReq.WithContext(r.Context()), nil
+}
+
+func createDescriptorSource(cli zrpc.Client, up Upstream) (grpcurl.DescriptorSource, error) {
+	var source grpcurl.DescriptorSource
+	var err error
+
+	if len(up.ProtoSets) > 0 {
+		source, err = grpcurl.DescriptorSourceFromProtoSets(up.ProtoSets...)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	} else {
+		client := grpcreflect.NewClientAuto(context.Background(), cli.Conn())
+		source = grpcurl.DescriptorSourceFromServer(context.Background(), client)
+	}
+
+	return source, nil
+}
+
 // withDialer sets a dialer to create a gRPC client.
 func withDialer(dialer func(conf zrpc.RpcClientConf) zrpc.Client) func(*Server) {
 	return func(s *Server) {

gateway/server_test.go

@@ -2,9 +2,12 @@ package gateway
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"io"
 	"log"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -46,7 +49,7 @@ func dialer() func(context.Context, string) (net.Conn, error) {
 func TestMustNewServer(t *testing.T) {
 	var c GatewayConf
 	assert.NoError(t, conf.FillDefault(&c))
-	// avoid popup alert on macos for asking permissions
+	// avoid popup alert on MacOS for asking permissions
 	c.DevServer.Host = "localhost"
 	c.Host = "localhost"
 	c.Port = 18881
@@ -65,7 +68,7 @@ func TestMustNewServer(t *testing.T) {
 					RpcPath: "mock.DepositService/Deposit",
 				},
 			},
-			Grpc: zrpc.RpcClientConf{
+			Grpc: &zrpc.RpcClientConf{
 				Endpoints: []string{"foo"},
 				Timeout:   1000,
 				Middlewares: zrpc.ClientMiddlewaresConf{
@@ -98,7 +101,7 @@ func TestServer_ensureUpstreamNames(t *testing.T) {
 	var s = Server{
 		upstreams: []Upstream{
 			{
-				Grpc: zrpc.RpcClientConf{
+				Grpc: &zrpc.RpcClientConf{
 					Target: "target",
 				},
 			},
@@ -113,7 +116,7 @@ func TestServer_ensureUpstreamNames_badEtcd(t *testing.T) {
 	var s = Server{
 		upstreams: []Upstream{
 			{
-				Grpc: zrpc.RpcClientConf{
+				Grpc: &zrpc.RpcClientConf{
 					Etcd: discov.EtcdConf{},
 				},
 			},
@@ -125,3 +128,193 @@ func TestServer_ensureUpstreamNames_badEtcd(t *testing.T) {
 		s.Start()
 	})
 }
+
+func TestHttpToHttp(t *testing.T) {
+	server := startTestServer(t)
+	defer server.Close()
+
+	var c GatewayConf
+	assert.NoError(t, conf.FillDefault(&c))
+	c.DevServer.Host = "localhost"
+	c.Host = "localhost"
+	c.Port = 18882
+
+	s := MustNewServer(c)
+	s.upstreams = []Upstream{
+		{
+			Name: "test",
+			Mappings: []RouteMapping{
+				{
+					Method: "get",
+					Path:   "/api/ping",
+				},
+			},
+			Http: &HttpClientConf{
+				Target:  "localhost:45678",
+				Timeout: 3000,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Mappings: []RouteMapping{
+				{
+					Method: "get",
+					Path:   "/ping",
+				},
+			},
+			Http: &HttpClientConf{
+				Target: "localhost:45678",
+				Prefix: "/api",
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	go s.Start()
+	defer s.Stop()
+
+	time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 200)
+
+	t.Run("/api/ping", func(t *testing.T) {
+		resp, err := httpc.Do(context.Background(), http.MethodGet,
+			"http://localhost:18882/api/ping", nil)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, resp.StatusCode)
+		body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+		if assert.NoError(t, err) {
+			assert.Equal(t, "pong", string(body))
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("/ping", func(t *testing.T) {
+		resp, err := httpc.Do(context.Background(), http.MethodGet,
+			"http://localhost:18882/ping", nil)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, resp.StatusCode)
+		body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+		if assert.NoError(t, err) {
+			assert.Equal(t, "pong", string(body))
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("no upstream", func(t *testing.T) {
+		resp, err := httpc.Do(context.Background(), http.MethodGet,
+			"http://localhost:18882/ping/bad", nil)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, resp.StatusCode)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestHttpToHttpBadUpstream(t *testing.T) {
+	var c GatewayConf
+	assert.NoError(t, conf.FillDefault(&c))
+	c.DevServer.Host = "localhost"
+	c.Host = "localhost"
+	c.Port = 18883
+
+	s := MustNewServer(c)
+	s.upstreams = []Upstream{
+		{
+			Mappings: []RouteMapping{
+				{
+					Method: "get",
+					Path:   "/api/ping",
+				},
+			},
+			Http: &HttpClientConf{
+				Target: "localhost:45678",
+				Prefix: "\x7f/api",
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	go s.Start()
+	defer s.Stop()
+
+	time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 200)
+
+	t.Run("/api/ping", func(t *testing.T) {
+		resp, err := httpc.Do(context.Background(), http.MethodGet,
+			"http://localhost:18883/api/ping", nil)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusBadRequest, resp.StatusCode)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestHttpToHttpBadWriter(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("bad url", func(t *testing.T) {
+		handler := new(Server).buildHttpHandler(&HttpClientConf{
+			Target:  "http://example.com",
+			Timeout: 3000,
+		})
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		handler.ServeHTTP(&badResponseWriter{w},
+			httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "http://localhost:18884", nil))
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusBadRequest, w.Code)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("bad url", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var c GatewayConf
+		assert.NoError(t, conf.FillDefault(&c))
+		c.DevServer.Host = "localhost"
+		c.Host = "localhost"
+		c.Port = 18884
+
+		s := MustNewServer(c)
+		s.upstreams = []Upstream{
+			{
+				Mappings: []RouteMapping{
+					{
+						Method: "get",
+						Path:   "/api/ping",
+					},
+				},
+				Http: &HttpClientConf{
+					Target: "localhost:45678",
+					Prefix: "\x7f/api",
+				},
+			},
+		}
+
+		go s.Start()
+		defer s.Stop()
+
+		handler := new(Server).buildHttpHandler(&HttpClientConf{
+			Target:  "localhost:18884",
+			Timeout: 3000,
+		})
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		handler.ServeHTTP(&badResponseWriter{w},
+			httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "http://localhost:18884/api/ping", nil))
+		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusBadRequest, w.Code)
+	})
+}
+
+// Handler function for the root route
+func pingHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+	_, _ = w.Write([]byte("pong"))
+}
+
+func startTestServer(t *testing.T) *http.Server {
+	http.HandleFunc("/api/ping", pingHandler)
+
+	server := &http.Server{
+		Addr:    ":45678",
+		Handler: http.DefaultServeMux,
+	}
+
+	go func() {
+		if err := server.ListenAndServe(); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, http.ErrServerClosed) {
+			t.Errorf("failed to start server: %v", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	return server
+}
+
+type badResponseWriter struct {
+	http.ResponseWriter
+}
+
+func (w *badResponseWriter) Write([]byte) (int, error) {
+	return 0, errors.New("bad writer")
+}

go.mod

@@ -1,61 +1,61 @@
 module github.com/zeromicro/go-zero
 
-go 1.19
+go 1.21
 
 require (
 	github.com/DATA-DOG/go-sqlmock v1.5.2
-	github.com/alicebob/miniredis/v2 v2.33.0
-	github.com/fatih/color v1.17.0
-	github.com/fullstorydev/grpcurl v1.9.1
-	github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.8.1
-	github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v4 v4.5.0
+	github.com/alicebob/miniredis/v2 v2.34.0
+	github.com/fatih/color v1.18.0
+	github.com/fullstorydev/grpcurl v1.9.3
+	github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.9.0
+	github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v4 v4.5.2
 	github.com/golang/mock v1.6.0
 	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0
-	github.com/jackc/pgx/v5 v5.5.5
-	github.com/jhump/protoreflect v1.16.0
+	github.com/jackc/pgx/v5 v5.7.4
+	github.com/jhump/protoreflect v1.17.0
 	github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter v0.0.5
 	github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.2.2
-	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.18.0
-	github.com/redis/go-redis/v9 v9.5.3
+	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.21.1
+	github.com/redis/go-redis/v9 v9.7.3
 	github.com/spaolacci/murmur3 v1.1.0
-	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.9.0
-	go.etcd.io/etcd/api/v3 v3.5.14
-	go.etcd.io/etcd/client/v3 v3.5.14
-	go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver v1.13.1
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.19.0
+	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.10.0
+	go.etcd.io/etcd/api/v3 v3.5.15
+	go.etcd.io/etcd/client/v3 v3.5.15
+	go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver v1.17.3
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.24.0
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/jaeger v1.17.0
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc v1.19.0
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp v1.19.0
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/stdout/stdouttrace v1.19.0
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/zipkin v1.19.0
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk v1.19.0
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.19.0
-	go.uber.org/automaxprocs v1.5.3
-	go.uber.org/goleak v1.2.1
-	golang.org/x/net v0.26.0
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.21.0
-	golang.org/x/time v0.5.0
-	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20240318140521-94a12d6c2237
-	google.golang.org/grpc v1.64.0
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.34.2
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc v1.24.0
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp v1.24.0
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/stdout/stdouttrace v1.24.0
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/zipkin v1.24.0
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk v1.24.0
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.24.0
+	go.uber.org/automaxprocs v1.6.0
+	go.uber.org/goleak v1.3.0
+	golang.org/x/net v0.35.0
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.30.0
+	golang.org/x/time v0.10.0
+	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20240711142825-46eb208f015d
+	google.golang.org/grpc v1.65.0
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.5
 	gopkg.in/cheggaaa/pb.v1 v1.0.28
 	gopkg.in/h2non/gock.v1 v1.1.2
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0
 	k8s.io/api v0.29.3
 	k8s.io/apimachinery v0.29.4
 	k8s.io/client-go v0.29.3
-	k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20230726121419-3b25d923346b
+	k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20240711033017-18e509b52bc8
 )
 
 require (
 	filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/alicebob/gopher-json v0.0.0-20230218143504-906a9b012302 // indirect
 	github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 // indirect
-	github.com/bufbuild/protocompile v0.10.0 // indirect
-	github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.2.1 // indirect
-	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/cncf/xds/go v0.0.0-20240318125728-8a4994d93e50 // indirect
+	github.com/bufbuild/protocompile v0.14.1 // indirect
+	github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/cncf/xds/go v0.0.0-20240423153145-555b57ec207b // indirect
 	github.com/coreos/go-semver v0.3.1 // indirect
 	github.com/coreos/go-systemd/v22 v22.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/emicklei/go-restful/v3 v3.11.0 // indirect
 	github.com/envoyproxy/go-control-plane v0.12.0 // indirect
 	github.com/envoyproxy/protoc-gen-validate v1.0.4 // indirect
-	github.com/go-logr/logr v1.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.2 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logr/stdr v1.2.2 // indirect
 	github.com/go-openapi/jsonpointer v0.19.6 // indirect
 	github.com/go-openapi/jsonreference v0.20.2 // indirect
@@ -73,48 +73,48 @@ require (
 	github.com/google/gnostic-models v0.6.8 // indirect
 	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/google/gofuzz v1.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/v2 v2.18.0 // indirect
+	github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/v2 v2.20.0 // indirect
 	github.com/h2non/parth v0.0.0-20190131123155-b4df798d6542 // indirect
 	github.com/jackc/pgpassfile v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/jackc/pgservicefile v0.0.0-20221227161230-091c0ba34f0a // indirect
-	github.com/jackc/puddle/v2 v2.2.1 // indirect
+	github.com/jackc/pgservicefile v0.0.0-20240606120523-5a60cdf6a761 // indirect
+	github.com/jackc/puddle/v2 v2.2.2 // indirect
 	github.com/josharian/intern v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 // indirect
-	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.16.7 // indirect
+	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.17.11 // indirect
+	github.com/kylelemons/godebug v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.7.7 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.13 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.15 // indirect
-	github.com/matttproud/golang_protobuf_extensions/v2 v2.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 // indirect
-	github.com/montanaflynn/stats v0.0.0-20171201202039-1bf9dbcd8cbe // indirect
+	github.com/montanaflynn/stats v0.7.1 // indirect
 	github.com/munnerz/goautoneg v0.0.0-20191010083416-a7dc8b61c822 // indirect
-	github.com/openzipkin/zipkin-go v0.4.2 // indirect
+	github.com/openzipkin/zipkin-go v0.4.3 // indirect
 	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.5.0 // indirect
-	github.com/prometheus/common v0.45.0 // indirect
-	github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.12.0 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.6.1 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/common v0.62.0 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.15.1 // indirect
 	github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.2 // indirect
 	github.com/xdg-go/pbkdf2 v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/xdg-go/scram v1.1.2 // indirect
 	github.com/xdg-go/stringprep v1.0.4 // indirect
-	github.com/youmark/pkcs8 v0.0.0-20201027041543-1326539a0a0a // indirect
+	github.com/youmark/pkcs8 v0.0.0-20240726163527-a2c0da244d78 // indirect
 	github.com/yuin/gopher-lua v1.1.1 // indirect
-	go.etcd.io/etcd/client/pkg/v3 v3.5.14 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace v1.19.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.19.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v1.0.0 // indirect
+	go.etcd.io/etcd/client/pkg/v3 v3.5.15 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace v1.24.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.24.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v1.3.1 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/atomic v1.10.0 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/multierr v1.9.0 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/zap v1.24.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.24.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.18.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.7.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/term v0.21.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.16.0 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/appengine v1.6.8 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20240318140521-94a12d6c2237 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.33.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.24.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.11.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/term v0.29.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.22.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20240701130421-f6361c86f094 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/inf.v0 v0.9.1 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
 	k8s.io/klog/v2 v2.110.1 // indirect

go.sum

@@ -4,21 +4,24 @@ github.com/DATA-DOG/go-sqlmock v1.5.2 h1:OcvFkGmslmlZibjAjaHm3L//6LiuBgolP7Oputl
 github.com/DATA-DOG/go-sqlmock v1.5.2/go.mod h1:88MAG/4G7SMwSE3CeA0ZKzrT5CiOU3OJ+JlNzwDqpNU=
 github.com/alicebob/gopher-json v0.0.0-20230218143504-906a9b012302 h1:uvdUDbHQHO85qeSydJtItA4T55Pw6BtAejd0APRJOCE=
 github.com/alicebob/gopher-json v0.0.0-20230218143504-906a9b012302/go.mod h1:SGnFV6hVsYE877CKEZ6tDNTjaSXYUk6QqoIK6PrAtcc=
-github.com/alicebob/miniredis/v2 v2.33.0 h1:uvTF0EDeu9RLnUEG27Db5I68ESoIxTiXbNUiji6lZrA=
-github.com/alicebob/miniredis/v2 v2.33.0/go.mod h1:MhP4a3EU7aENRi9aO+tHfTBZicLqQevyi/DJpoj6mi0=
+github.com/alicebob/miniredis/v2 v2.34.0 h1:mBFWMaJSNL9RwdGRyEDoAAv8OQc5UlEhLDQggTglU/0=
+github.com/alicebob/miniredis/v2 v2.34.0/go.mod h1:kWShP4b58T1CW0Y5dViCd5ztzrDqRWqM3nksiyXk5s8=
 github.com/benbjohnson/clock v1.1.0 h1:Q92kusRqC1XV2MjkWETPvjJVqKetz1OzxZB7mHJLju8=
+github.com/benbjohnson/clock v1.1.0/go.mod h1:J11/hYXuz8f4ySSvYwY0FKfm+ezbsZBKZxNJlLklBHA=
 github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 h1:VlbKKnNfV8bJzeqoa4cOKqO6bYr3WgKZxO8Z16+hsOM=
 github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1/go.mod h1:G2ZrVWU2WbWT9wwq4/hrbKbnv/1ERSJQ0ibhJ6rlkpw=
 github.com/bsm/ginkgo/v2 v2.12.0 h1:Ny8MWAHyOepLGlLKYmXG4IEkioBysk6GpaRTLC8zwWs=
+github.com/bsm/ginkgo/v2 v2.12.0/go.mod h1:SwYbGRRDovPVboqFv0tPTcG1sN61LM1Z4ARdbAV9g4c=
 github.com/bsm/gomega v1.27.10 h1:yeMWxP2pV2fG3FgAODIY8EiRE3dy0aeFYt4l7wh6yKA=
-github.com/bufbuild/protocompile v0.10.0 h1:+jW/wnLMLxaCEG8AX9lD0bQ5v9h1RUiMKOBOT5ll9dM=
-github.com/bufbuild/protocompile v0.10.0/go.mod h1:G9qQIQo0xZ6Uyj6CMNz0saGmx2so+KONo8/KrELABiY=
-github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.2.1 h1:y4OZtCnogmCPw98Zjyt5a6+QwPLGkiQsYW5oUqylYbM=
-github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.2.1/go.mod h1:Y3VNntkOUPxTVeUxJ/G5vcM//AlwfmyYozVcomhLiZE=
-github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.2.0 h1:DC2CZ1Ep5Y4k3ZQ899DldepgrayRUGE6BBZ/cd9Cj44=
-github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.2.0/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
-github.com/cncf/xds/go v0.0.0-20240318125728-8a4994d93e50 h1:DBmgJDC9dTfkVyGgipamEh2BpGYxScCH1TOF1LL1cXc=
-github.com/cncf/xds/go v0.0.0-20240318125728-8a4994d93e50/go.mod h1:5e1+Vvlzido69INQaVO6d87Qn543Xr6nooe9Kz7oBFM=
+github.com/bsm/gomega v1.27.10/go.mod h1:JyEr/xRbxbtgWNi8tIEVPUYZ5Dzef52k01W3YH0H+O0=
+github.com/bufbuild/protocompile v0.14.1 h1:iA73zAf/fyljNjQKwYzUHD6AD4R8KMasmwa/FBatYVw=
+github.com/bufbuild/protocompile v0.14.1/go.mod h1:ppVdAIhbr2H8asPk6k4pY7t9zB1OU5DoEw9xY/FUi1c=
+github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.3.0 h1:MyRJ/UdXutAwSAT+s3wNd7MfTIcy71VQueUuFK343L8=
+github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.3.0/go.mod h1:Y3VNntkOUPxTVeUxJ/G5vcM//AlwfmyYozVcomhLiZE=
+github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 h1:UL815xU9SqsFlibzuggzjXhog7bL6oX9BbNZnL2UFvs=
+github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
+github.com/cncf/xds/go v0.0.0-20240423153145-555b57ec207b h1:ga8SEFjZ60pxLcmhnThWgvH2wg8376yUJmPhEH4H3kw=
+github.com/cncf/xds/go v0.0.0-20240423153145-555b57ec207b/go.mod h1:W+zGtBO5Y1IgJhy4+A9GOqVhqLpfZi+vwmdNXUehLA8=
 github.com/coreos/go-semver v0.3.1 h1:yi21YpKnrx1gt5R+la8n5WgS0kCrsPp33dmEyHReZr4=
 github.com/coreos/go-semver v0.3.1/go.mod h1:irMmmIw/7yzSRPWryHsK7EYSg09caPQL03VsM8rvUec=
 github.com/coreos/go-systemd/v22 v22.5.0 h1:RrqgGjYQKalulkV8NGVIfkXQf6YYmOyiJKk8iXXhfZs=
@@ -35,13 +38,14 @@ github.com/envoyproxy/go-control-plane v0.12.0 h1:4X+VP1GHd1Mhj6IB5mMeGbLCleqxjl
 github.com/envoyproxy/go-control-plane v0.12.0/go.mod h1:ZBTaoJ23lqITozF0M6G4/IragXCQKCnYbmlmtHvwRG0=
 github.com/envoyproxy/protoc-gen-validate v1.0.4 h1:gVPz/FMfvh57HdSJQyvBtF00j8JU4zdyUgIUNhlgg0A=
 github.com/envoyproxy/protoc-gen-validate v1.0.4/go.mod h1:qys6tmnRsYrQqIhm2bvKZH4Blx/1gTIZ2UKVY1M+Yew=
-github.com/fatih/color v1.17.0 h1:GlRw1BRJxkpqUCBKzKOw098ed57fEsKeNjpTe3cSjK4=
-github.com/fatih/color v1.17.0/go.mod h1:YZ7TlrGPkiz6ku9fK3TLD/pl3CpsiFyu8N92HLgmosI=
-github.com/fullstorydev/grpcurl v1.9.1 h1:YxX1aCcCc4SDBQfj9uoWcTLe8t4NWrZe1y+mk83BQgo=
-github.com/fullstorydev/grpcurl v1.9.1/go.mod h1:i8gKLIC6s93WdU3LSmkE5vtsCxyRmihUj5FK1cNW5EM=
+github.com/fatih/color v1.18.0 h1:S8gINlzdQ840/4pfAwic/ZE0djQEH3wM94VfqLTZcOM=
+github.com/fatih/color v1.18.0/go.mod h1:4FelSpRwEGDpQ12mAdzqdOukCy4u8WUtOY6lkT/6HfU=
+github.com/fullstorydev/grpcurl v1.9.3 h1:PC1Xi3w+JAvEE2Tg2Gf2RfVgPbf9+tbuQr1ZkyVU3jk=
+github.com/fullstorydev/grpcurl v1.9.3/go.mod h1:/b4Wxe8bG6ndAjlfSUjwseQReUDUvBJiFEB7UllOlUE=
 github.com/go-logr/logr v1.2.2/go.mod h1:jdQByPbusPIv2/zmleS9BjJVeZ6kBagPoEUsqbVz/1A=
-github.com/go-logr/logr v1.3.0 h1:2y3SDp0ZXuc6/cjLSZ+Q3ir+QB9T/iG5yYRXqsagWSY=
 github.com/go-logr/logr v1.3.0/go.mod h1:9T104GzyrTigFIr8wt5mBrctHMim0Nb2HLGrmQ40KvY=
+github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.2 h1:6pFjapn8bFcIbiKo3XT4j/BhANplGihG6tvd+8rYgrY=
+github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.2/go.mod h1:9T104GzyrTigFIr8wt5mBrctHMim0Nb2HLGrmQ40KvY=
 github.com/go-logr/stdr v1.2.2 h1:hSWxHoqTgW2S2qGc0LTAI563KZ5YKYRhT3MFKZMbjag=
 github.com/go-logr/stdr v1.2.2/go.mod h1:mMo/vtBO5dYbehREoey6XUKy/eSumjCCveDpRre4VKE=
 github.com/go-openapi/jsonpointer v0.19.6 h1:eCs3fxoIi3Wh6vtgmLTOjdhSpiqphQ+DaPn38N2ZdrE=
@@ -51,28 +55,23 @@ github.com/go-openapi/jsonreference v0.20.2/go.mod h1:Bl1zwGIM8/wsvqjsOQLJ/SH+En
 github.com/go-openapi/swag v0.22.3/go.mod h1:UzaqsxGiab7freDnrUUra0MwWfN/q7tE4j+VcZ0yl14=
 github.com/go-openapi/swag v0.22.4 h1:QLMzNJnMGPRNDCbySlcj1x01tzU8/9LTTL9hZZZogBU=
 github.com/go-openapi/swag v0.22.4/go.mod h1:UzaqsxGiab7freDnrUUra0MwWfN/q7tE4j+VcZ0yl14=
-github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.8.1 h1:LedoTUt/eveggdHS9qUFC1EFSa8bU2+1pZjSRpvNJ1Y=
-github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.8.1/go.mod h1:wEBSXgmK//2ZFJyE+qWnIsVGmvmEKlqwuVSjsCm7DZg=
+github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.9.0 h1:Y0zIbQXhQKmQgTp44Y1dp3wTXcn804QoTptLZT1vtvo=
+github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.9.0/go.mod h1:pDetrLJeA3oMujJuvXc8RJoasr589B6A9fwzD3QMrqw=
 github.com/go-task/slim-sprig v0.0.0-20230315185526-52ccab3ef572 h1:tfuBGBXKqDEevZMzYi5KSi8KkcZtzBcTgAUUtapy0OI=
+github.com/go-task/slim-sprig v0.0.0-20230315185526-52ccab3ef572/go.mod h1:9Pwr4B2jHnOSGXyyzV8ROjYa2ojvAY6HCGYYfMoC3Ls=
 github.com/godbus/dbus/v5 v5.0.4/go.mod h1:xhWf0FNVPg57R7Z0UbKHbJfkEywrmjJnf7w5xrFpKfA=
 github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2 h1:Ov1cvc58UF3b5XjBnZv7+opcTcQFZebYjWzi34vdm4Q=
 github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2/go.mod h1:P1XiOD3dCwIKUDQYPy72D8LYyHL2YPYrpS2s69NZV8Q=
-github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v4 v4.5.0 h1:7cYmW1XlMY7h7ii7UhUyChSgS5wUJEnm9uZVTGqOWzg=
-github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v4 v4.5.0/go.mod h1:m21LjoU+eqJr34lmDMbreY2eSTRJ1cv77w39/MY0Ch0=
-github.com/golang/glog v1.2.0 h1:uCdmnmatrKCgMBlM4rMuJZWOkPDqdbZPnrMXDY4gI68=
+github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v4 v4.5.2 h1:YtQM7lnr8iZ+j5q71MGKkNw9Mn7AjHM68uc9g5fXeUI=
+github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v4 v4.5.2/go.mod h1:m21LjoU+eqJr34lmDMbreY2eSTRJ1cv77w39/MY0Ch0=
 github.com/golang/mock v1.6.0 h1:ErTB+efbowRARo13NNdxyJji2egdxLGQhRaY+DUumQc=
 github.com/golang/mock v1.6.0/go.mod h1:p6yTPP+5HYm5mzsMV8JkE6ZKdX+/wYM6Hr+LicevLPs=
-github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.0/go.mod h1:FsONVRAS9T7sI+LIUmWTfcYkHO4aIWwzhcaSAoJOfIk=
-github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.2/go.mod h1:XVQd3VNwM+JqD3oG2Ue2ip4fOMUkwXdXDdiuN0vRsmY=
 github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4 h1:i7eJL8qZTpSEXOPTxNKhASYpMn+8e5Q6AdndVa1dWek=
 github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4/go.mod h1:lnTiLA8Wa4RWRcIUkrtSVa5nRhsEGBg48fD6rSs7xps=
-github.com/golang/snappy v0.0.1/go.mod h1:/XxbfmMg8lxefKM7IXC3fBNl/7bRcc72aCRzEWrmP2Q=
 github.com/golang/snappy v0.0.4 h1:yAGX7huGHXlcLOEtBnF4w7FQwA26wojNCwOYAEhLjQM=
 github.com/golang/snappy v0.0.4/go.mod h1:/XxbfmMg8lxefKM7IXC3fBNl/7bRcc72aCRzEWrmP2Q=
 github.com/google/gnostic-models v0.6.8 h1:yo/ABAfM5IMRsS1VnXjTBvUb61tFIHozhlYvRgGre9I=
 github.com/google/gnostic-models v0.6.8/go.mod h1:5n7qKqH0f5wFt+aWF8CW6pZLLNOfYuF5OpfBSENuI8U=
-github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.2/go.mod h1:v8dTdLbMG2kIc/vJvl+f65V22dbkXbowE6jgT/gNBxE=
-github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.5/go.mod h1:v8dTdLbMG2kIc/vJvl+f65V22dbkXbowE6jgT/gNBxE=
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.9/go.mod h1:17dUlkBOakJ0+DkrSSNjCkIjxS6bF9zb3elmeNGIjoY=
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.6.0 h1:ofyhxvXcZhMsU5ulbFiLKl/XBFqE1GSq7atu8tAmTRI=
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.6.0/go.mod h1:17dUlkBOakJ0+DkrSSNjCkIjxS6bF9zb3elmeNGIjoY=
@@ -80,22 +79,23 @@ github.com/google/gofuzz v1.0.0/go.mod h1:dBl0BpW6vV/+mYPU4Po3pmUjxk6FQPldtuIdl/
 github.com/google/gofuzz v1.2.0 h1:xRy4A+RhZaiKjJ1bPfwQ8sedCA+YS2YcCHW6ec7JMi0=
 github.com/google/gofuzz v1.2.0/go.mod h1:dBl0BpW6vV/+mYPU4Po3pmUjxk6FQPldtuIdl/M65Eg=
 github.com/google/pprof v0.0.0-20210720184732-4bb14d4b1be1 h1:K6RDEckDVWvDI9JAJYCmNdQXq6neHJOYx3V6jnqNEec=
+github.com/google/pprof v0.0.0-20210720184732-4bb14d4b1be1/go.mod h1:kpwsk12EmLew5upagYY7GY0pfYCcupk39gWOCRROcvE=
 github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0 h1:NIvaJDMOsjHA8n1jAhLSgzrAzy1Hgr+hNrb57e+94F0=
 github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0/go.mod h1:TIyPZe4MgqvfeYDBFedMoGGpEw/LqOeaOT+nhxU+yHo=
-github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/v2 v2.18.0 h1:RtRsiaGvWxcwd8y3BiRZxsylPT8hLWZ5SPcfI+3IDNk=
-github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/v2 v2.18.0/go.mod h1:TzP6duP4Py2pHLVPPQp42aoYI92+PCrVotyR5e8Vqlk=
+github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/v2 v2.20.0 h1:bkypFPDjIYGfCYD5mRBvpqxfYX1YCS1PXdKYWi8FsN0=
+github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/v2 v2.20.0/go.mod h1:P+Lt/0by1T8bfcF3z737NnSbmxQAppXMRziHUxPOC8k=
 github.com/h2non/parth v0.0.0-20190131123155-b4df798d6542 h1:2VTzZjLZBgl62/EtslCrtky5vbi9dd7HrQPQIx6wqiw=
 github.com/h2non/parth v0.0.0-20190131123155-b4df798d6542/go.mod h1:Ow0tF8D4Kplbc8s8sSb3V2oUCygFHVp8gC3Dn6U4MNI=
 github.com/jackc/pgpassfile v1.0.0 h1:/6Hmqy13Ss2zCq62VdNG8tM1wchn8zjSGOBJ6icpsIM=
 github.com/jackc/pgpassfile v1.0.0/go.mod h1:CEx0iS5ambNFdcRtxPj5JhEz+xB6uRky5eyVu/W2HEg=
-github.com/jackc/pgservicefile v0.0.0-20221227161230-091c0ba34f0a h1:bbPeKD0xmW/Y25WS6cokEszi5g+S0QxI/d45PkRi7Nk=
-github.com/jackc/pgservicefile v0.0.0-20221227161230-091c0ba34f0a/go.mod h1:5TJZWKEWniPve33vlWYSoGYefn3gLQRzjfDlhSJ9ZKM=
-github.com/jackc/pgx/v5 v5.5.5 h1:amBjrZVmksIdNjxGW/IiIMzxMKZFelXbUoPNb+8sjQw=
-github.com/jackc/pgx/v5 v5.5.5/go.mod h1:ez9gk+OAat140fv9ErkZDYFWmXLfV+++K0uAOiwgm1A=
-github.com/jackc/puddle/v2 v2.2.1 h1:RhxXJtFG022u4ibrCSMSiu5aOq1i77R3OHKNJj77OAk=
-github.com/jackc/puddle/v2 v2.2.1/go.mod h1:vriiEXHvEE654aYKXXjOvZM39qJ0q+azkZFrfEOc3H4=
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@@ -249,47 +253,43 @@ golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20200226121028-0de0cce0169b/go.mod h1:z5CRVTTTmAJ677TzLL
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-golang.org/x/text v0.16.0/go.mod h1:GhwF1Be+LQoKShO3cGOHzqOgRrGaYc9AvblQOmPVHnI=
-golang.org/x/time v0.5.0 h1:o7cqy6amK/52YcAKIPlM3a+Fpj35zvRj2TP+e1xFSfk=
-golang.org/x/time v0.5.0/go.mod h1:3BpzKBy/shNhVucY/MWOyx10tF3SFh9QdLuxbVysPQM=
+golang.org/x/text v0.22.0 h1:bofq7m3/HAFvbF51jz3Q9wLg3jkvSPuiZu/pD1XwgtM=
+golang.org/x/text v0.22.0/go.mod h1:YRoo4H8PVmsu+E3Ou7cqLVH8oXWIHVoX0jqUWALQhfY=
+golang.org/x/time v0.10.0 h1:3usCWA8tQn0L8+hFJQNgzpWbd89begxN66o1Ojdn5L4=
+golang.org/x/time v0.10.0/go.mod h1:3BpzKBy/shNhVucY/MWOyx10tF3SFh9QdLuxbVysPQM=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20180917221912-90fa682c2a6e/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20191119224855-298f0cb1881e/go.mod h1:b+2E5dAYhXwXZwtnZ6UAqBI28+e2cm9otk0dWdXHAEo=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20200619180055-7c47624df98f/go.mod h1:EkVYQZoAsY45+roYkvgYkIh4xh/qjgUK9TdY2XT94GE=
@@ -297,22 +297,19 @@ golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20210106214847-113979e3529a/go.mod h1:emZCQorbCU4vsT4f
 golang.org/x/tools v0.1.1/go.mod h1:o0xws9oXOQQZyjljx8fwUC0k7L1pTE6eaCbjGeHmOkk=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.1.12/go.mod h1:hNGJHUnrk76NpqgfD5Aqm5Crs+Hm0VOH/i9J2+nxYbc=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.21.1-0.20240508182429-e35e4ccd0d2d h1:vU5i/LfpvrRCpgM/VPfJLg5KjxD3E+hfT1SH+d9zLwg=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.21.1-0.20240508182429-e35e4ccd0d2d/go.mod h1:aiJjzUbINMkxbQROHiO6hDPo2LHcIPhhQsa9DLh0yGk=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20190717185122-a985d3407aa7/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191011141410-1b5146add898/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20200804184101-5ec99f83aff1/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
-google.golang.org/appengine v1.6.8 h1:IhEN5q69dyKagZPYMSdIjS2HqprW324FRQZJcGqPAsM=
-google.golang.org/appengine v1.6.8/go.mod h1:1jJ3jBArFh5pcgW8gCtRJnepW8FzD1V44FJffLiz/Ds=
-google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20240318140521-94a12d6c2237 h1:RFiFrvy37/mpSpdySBDrUdipW/dHwsRwh3J3+A9VgT4=
-google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20240318140521-94a12d6c2237/go.mod h1:Z5Iiy3jtmioajWHDGFk7CeugTyHtPvMHA4UTmUkyalE=
-google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20240318140521-94a12d6c2237 h1:NnYq6UN9ReLM9/Y01KWNOWyI5xQ9kbIms5GGJVwS/Yc=
-google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20240318140521-94a12d6c2237/go.mod h1:WtryC6hu0hhx87FDGxWCDptyssuo68sk10vYjF+T9fY=
-google.golang.org/grpc v1.64.0 h1:KH3VH9y/MgNQg1dE7b3XfVK0GsPSIzJwdF617gUSbvY=
-google.golang.org/grpc v1.64.0/go.mod h1:oxjF8E3FBnjp+/gVFYdWacaLDx9na1aqy9oovLpxQYg=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0-rc.1/go.mod h1:jlhhOSvTdKEhbULTjvd4ARK9grFBp09yW+WbY/TyQbw=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0/go.mod h1:9q0QmTI4eRPtz6boOQmLYwt+qCgq0jsYwAQnmE0givc=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.34.2 h1:6xV6lTsCfpGD21XK49h7MhtcApnLqkfYgPcdHftf6hg=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.34.2/go.mod h1:qYOHts0dSfpeUzUFpOMr/WGzszTmLH+DiWniOlNbLDw=
+google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20240711142825-46eb208f015d h1:kHjw/5UfflP/L5EbledDrcG4C2597RtymmGRZvHiCuY=
+google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20240711142825-46eb208f015d/go.mod h1:mw8MG/Qz5wfgYr6VqVCiZcHe/GJEfI+oGGDCohaVgB0=
+google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20240701130421-f6361c86f094 h1:BwIjyKYGsK9dMCBOorzRri8MQwmi7mT9rGHsCEinZkA=
+google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20240701130421-f6361c86f094/go.mod h1:Ue6ibwXGpU+dqIcODieyLOcgj7z8+IcskoNIgZxtrFY=
+google.golang.org/grpc v1.65.0 h1:bs/cUb4lp1G5iImFFd3u5ixQzweKizoZJAwBNLR42lc=
+google.golang.org/grpc v1.65.0/go.mod h1:WgYC2ypjlB0EiQi6wdKixMqukr6lBc0Vo+oOgjrM5ZQ=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.5 h1:tPhr+woSbjfYvY6/GPufUoYizxw1cF/yFoxJ2fmpwlM=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.5/go.mod h1:9fA7Ob0pmnwhb644+1+CVWFRbNajQ6iRojtC/QF5bRE=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c h1:Hei/4ADfdWqJk1ZMxUNpqntNwaWcugrBjAiHlqqRiVk=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c/go.mod h1:JHkPIbrfpd72SG/EVd6muEfDQjcINNoR0C8j2r3qZ4Q=
@@ -338,8 +335,8 @@ k8s.io/klog/v2 v2.110.1 h1:U/Af64HJf7FcwMcXyKm2RPM22WZzyR7OSpYj5tg3cL0=
 k8s.io/klog/v2 v2.110.1/go.mod h1:YGtd1984u+GgbuZ7e08/yBuAfKLSO0+uR1Fhi6ExXjo=
 k8s.io/kube-openapi v0.0.0-20231010175941-2dd684a91f00 h1:aVUu9fTY98ivBPKR9Y5w/AuzbMm96cd3YHRTU83I780=
 k8s.io/kube-openapi v0.0.0-20231010175941-2dd684a91f00/go.mod h1:AsvuZPBlUDVuCdzJ87iajxtXuR9oktsTctW/R9wwouA=
-k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20230726121419-3b25d923346b h1:sgn3ZU783SCgtaSJjpcVVlRqd6GSnlTLKgpAAttJvpI=
-k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20230726121419-3b25d923346b/go.mod h1:OLgZIPagt7ERELqWJFomSt595RzquPNLL48iOWgYOg0=
+k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20240711033017-18e509b52bc8 h1:pUdcCO1Lk/tbT5ztQWOBi5HBgbBP1J8+AsQnQCKsi8A=
+k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20240711033017-18e509b52bc8/go.mod h1:OLgZIPagt7ERELqWJFomSt595RzquPNLL48iOWgYOg0=
 sigs.k8s.io/json v0.0.0-20221116044647-bc3834ca7abd h1:EDPBXCAspyGV4jQlpZSudPeMmr1bNJefnuqLsRAsHZo=
 sigs.k8s.io/json v0.0.0-20221116044647-bc3834ca7abd/go.mod h1:B8JuhiUyNFVKdsE8h686QcCxMaH6HrOAZj4vswFpcB0=
 sigs.k8s.io/structured-merge-diff/v4 v4.4.1 h1:150L+0vs/8DA78h1u02ooW1/fFq/Lwr+sGiqlzvrtq4=

internal/devserver/server.go

@@ -77,10 +77,12 @@ func (s *Server) StartAsync(c Config) {
 
 // StartAgent start inner http server by config.
 func StartAgent(c Config) {
+	if !c.Enabled {
+		return
+	}
+
 	once.Do(func() {
-		if c.Enabled {
-			s := NewServer(c)
-			s.StartAsync(c)
-		}
+		s := NewServer(c)
+		s.StartAsync(c)
 	})
 }

internal/health/health.go

@@ -111,6 +111,10 @@ func (p *comboHealthManager) IsReady() bool {
 	p.mu.Lock()
 	defer p.mu.Unlock()
 
+	if len(p.probes) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+
 	for _, probe := range p.probes {
 		if !probe.IsReady() {
 			return false

internal/health/health_test.go

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ func TestComboHealthManager(t *testing.T) {
 		hm1 := NewHealthManager(probeName)
 		hm2 := NewHealthManager(probeName + "2")
 
-		assert.True(t, chm.IsReady())
+		assert.False(t, chm.IsReady())
 		chm.addProbe(hm1)
 		chm.addProbe(hm2)
 		assert.False(t, chm.IsReady())
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ func TestComboHealthManager(t *testing.T) {
 		chm := newComboHealthManager()
 		hm := NewHealthManager(probeName)
 
-		assert.True(t, chm.IsReady())
+		assert.False(t, chm.IsReady())
 		chm.addProbe(hm)
 		assert.False(t, chm.IsReady())
 		hm.MarkReady()
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ func TestCreateHttpHandler(t *testing.T) {
 	resp, err := http.Get(srv.URL)
 	assert.Nil(t, err)
 	_ = resp.Body.Close()
-	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, resp.StatusCode)
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusServiceUnavailable, resp.StatusCode)
 
 	hm := NewHealthManager(probeName)
 	defaultHealthManager.addProbe(hm)

readme-cn.md

@@ -118,18 +118,13 @@ GO111MODULE=on GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn/,direct go get -u github.com/zeromicro
     # For Mac
     brew install goctl
     
-    # docker for amd64 architecture
+    # docker for all platforms
     docker pull kevinwan/goctl
-    # run goctl like
+    # run goctl
     docker run --rm -it -v `pwd`:/app kevinwan/goctl --help
-    
-    # docker for arm64(Mac) architecture
-    docker pull kevinwan/goctl:latest-arm64
-    # run goctl like
-    docker run --rm -it -v `pwd`:/app kevinwan/goctl:latest-arm64 --help
     ```
     
-    确保 goctl 可执行
+    确保 goctl 可执行，并且在 $PATH 环境变量里。
     
 2. 快速生成 api 服务
 
@@ -303,6 +298,10 @@ go-zero 已被许多公司用于生产部署，接入场景如在线教育、电
 >99. 新华三技术有限公司
 >100. 上海邑脉科技有限公司
 >101. 上海巨瓴科技有限公司
+>102. 深圳市兴海物联科技有限公司
+>103. 爱芯元智半导体股份有限公司
+>104. 杭州升恒科技有限公司
+>105. 昆仑万维科技股份有限公司
 
 如果贵公司也已使用 go-zero，欢迎在 [登记地址](https://github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/issues/602) 登记，仅仅为了推广，不做其它用途。
 
@@ -333,8 +332,8 @@ go-zero 收录在 [CNCF Cloud Native 云原生技术全景图](https://landscape
 
 <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zeromicro/zero-doc/main/doc/images/wechat.jpg" alt="wechat" width="300" />
 
-## 13. 赞助一下👍
+## 13. 知识星球
 
-如果觉得项目有帮助，可以请作者喝杯咖啡 🍹
+官方团队运营的知识星球
 
-<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zeromicro/zero-doc/main/doc/images/sponsor.png" alt="wechat" width="300" />
+<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zeromicro/zero-doc/main/doc/images/zsxq.jpg" alt="知识星球" width="300" />

readme.md

@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ go-zero contains simple API description syntax and code generation tool called `
 
 ## Backgrounds of go-zero
 
-At the beginning of 2018, we decided to re-design our system, from monolithic architecture with Java+MongoDB to microservice architecture. After research and comparison, we chose to:
 In early 2018, we embarked on a transformative journey to redesign our system, transitioning from a monolithic architecture built with Java and MongoDB to a microservices architecture. After careful research and comparison, we made a deliberate choice to:
 
 * Go Beyond with Golang
@@ -125,18 +124,13 @@ go get -u github.com/zeromicro/go-zero
    # For Mac
    brew install goctl
    
-   # docker for amd64 architecture
+   # docker for all platforms
    docker pull kevinwan/goctl
-   # run goctl like
+   # run goctl
    docker run --rm -it -v `pwd`:/app kevinwan/goctl --help
-   
-   # docker for arm64(Mac) architecture
-   docker pull kevinwan/goctl:latest-arm64
-   # run goctl like
-   docker run --rm -it -v `pwd`:/app kevinwan/goctl:latest-arm64 --help
    ```
    
-   make sure goctl is executable.
+   make sure goctl is executable and in your $PATH.
    
 3. Create the API file, like greet.api, you can install the plugin of goctl in vs code, api syntax is supported.
 
@@ -256,7 +250,7 @@ go-zero enlisted in the [CNCF Cloud Native Landscape](https://landscape.cncf.io/
 
 ## Give a Star! ⭐
 
-If you like or are using this project to learn or start your solution, please give it a star. Thanks!
+If you like this project or are using it to learn or start your own solution, give it a star to get updates on new releases. Your support matters!
 
 ## Buy me a coffee
 

rest/engine.go

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/rest/handler"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/rest/httpx"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/rest/internal"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/rest/internal/header"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/rest/internal/response"
 )
 
@@ -54,6 +55,9 @@ func newEngine(c RestConf) *engine {
 }
 
 func (ng *engine) addRoutes(r featuredRoutes) {
+	if r.sse {
+		r.routes = buildSSERoutes(r.routes)
+	}
 	ng.routes = append(ng.routes, r)
 
 	// need to guarantee the timeout is the max of all routes
@@ -63,6 +67,20 @@ func (ng *engine) addRoutes(r featuredRoutes) {
 	}
 }
 
+func buildSSERoutes(routes []Route) []Route {
+	for i, route := range routes {
+		h := route.Handler
+		routes[i].Handler = func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+			w.Header().Set(header.ContentType, header.ContentTypeEventStream)
+			w.Header().Set(header.CacheControl, header.CacheControlNoCache)
+			w.Header().Set(header.Connection, header.ConnectionKeepAlive)
+			h(w, r)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return routes
+}
+
 func (ng *engine) appendAuthHandler(fr featuredRoutes, chn chain.Chain,
 	verifier func(chain.Chain) chain.Chain) chain.Chain {
 	if fr.jwt.enabled {

rest/handler/authhandler.go

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"net/http/httputil"
 
 	"github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v4"
-	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logx"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logc"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/rest/internal/response"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/rest/token"
 )
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ func WithUnauthorizedCallback(callback UnauthorizedCallback) AuthorizeOption {
 func detailAuthLog(r *http.Request, reason string) {
 	// discard dump error, only for debug purpose
 	details, _ := httputil.DumpRequest(r, true)
-	logx.Errorf("authorize failed: %s\n=> %+v", reason, string(details))
+	logc.Errorf(r.Context(), "authorize failed: %s\n=> %+v", reason, string(details))
 }
 
 func unauthorized(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, err error, callback UnauthorizedCallback) {

rest/handler/breakerhandler.go

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/breaker"
-	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logx"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logc"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/stat"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/rest/httpx"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/rest/internal/response"
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ func BreakerHandler(method, path string, metrics *stat.Metrics) func(http.Handle
 			promise, err := brk.Allow()
 			if err != nil {
 				metrics.AddDrop()
-				logx.Errorf("[http] dropped, %s - %s - %s",
+				logc.Errorf(r.Context(), "[http] dropped, %s - %s - %s",
 					r.RequestURI, httpx.GetRemoteAddr(r), r.UserAgent())
 				w.WriteHeader(http.StatusServiceUnavailable)
 				return

rest/handler/contentsecurityhandler.go

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/codec"
-	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logx"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logc"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/rest/httpx"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/rest/internal/security"
 )
@@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ func LimitContentSecurityHandler(limitBytes int64, decrypters map[string]codec.R
 			case http.MethodDelete, http.MethodGet, http.MethodPost, http.MethodPut:
 				header, err := security.ParseContentSecurity(decrypters, r)
 				if err != nil {
-					logx.Errorf("Signature parse failed, X-Content-Security: %s, error: %s",
+					logc.Errorf(r.Context(), "Signature parse failed, X-Content-Security: %s, error: %s",
 						r.Header.Get(contentSecurity), err.Error())
 					executeCallbacks(w, r, next, strict, httpx.CodeSignatureInvalidHeader, callbacks)
 				} else if code := security.VerifySignature(r, header, tolerance); code != httpx.CodeSignaturePass {
-					logx.Errorf("Signature verification failed, X-Content-Security: %s",
+					logc.Errorf(r.Context(), "Signature verification failed, X-Content-Security: %s",
 						r.Header.Get(contentSecurity))
 					executeCallbacks(w, r, next, strict, code, callbacks)
 				} else if r.ContentLength > 0 && header.Encrypted() {

rest/handler/cryptionhandler.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package handler
 import (
 	"bufio"
 	"bytes"
+	"context"
 	"encoding/base64"
 	"errors"
 	"io"
@@ -10,7 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/codec"
-	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logx"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logc"
 )
 
 const maxBytes = 1 << 20 // 1 MiB
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ func LimitCryptionHandler(limitBytes int64, key []byte) func(http.Handler) http.
 	return func(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
 		return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 			cw := newCryptionResponseWriter(w)
-			defer cw.flush(key)
+			defer cw.flush(r.Context(), key)
 
 			if r.ContentLength <= 0 {
 				next.ServeHTTP(cw, r)
@@ -118,7 +119,7 @@ func (w *cryptionResponseWriter) WriteHeader(statusCode int) {
 	w.ResponseWriter.WriteHeader(statusCode)
 }
 
-func (w *cryptionResponseWriter) flush(key []byte) {
+func (w *cryptionResponseWriter) flush(ctx context.Context, key []byte) {
 	if w.buf.Len() == 0 {
 		return
 	}
@@ -131,8 +132,8 @@ func (w *cryptionResponseWriter) flush(key []byte) {
 
 	body := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(content)
 	if n, err := io.WriteString(w.ResponseWriter, body); err != nil {
-		logx.Errorf("write response failed, error: %s", err)
+		logc.Errorf(ctx, "write response failed, error: %s", err)
 	} else if n < len(body) {
-		logx.Errorf("actual bytes: %d, written bytes: %d", len(body), n)
+		logc.Errorf(ctx, "actual bytes: %d, written bytes: %d", len(body), n)
 	}
 }

rest/handler/cryptionhandler_test.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package handler
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"context"
 	"crypto/rand"
 	"encoding/base64"
 	"io"
@@ -174,7 +175,7 @@ func TestCryptionResponseWriter_Flush(t *testing.T) {
 		w := newCryptionResponseWriter(f)
 		_, err := w.Write(body)
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
-		w.flush(aesKey)
+		w.flush(context.Background(), aesKey)
 		b, err := io.ReadAll(recorder.Body)
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 		expected, err := codec.EcbEncrypt(aesKey, body)
@@ -191,7 +192,7 @@ func TestCryptionResponseWriter_Flush(t *testing.T) {
 		w := newCryptionResponseWriter(f)
 		_, err := w.Write(body)
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
-		w.flush(aesKey)
+		w.flush(context.Background(), aesKey)
 		b, err := io.ReadAll(recorder.Body)
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 		expected, err := codec.EcbEncrypt(aesKey, body)
@@ -207,7 +208,7 @@ func TestCryptionResponseWriter_Flush(t *testing.T) {
 		w := newCryptionResponseWriter(f)
 		_, err := w.Write(body)
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
-		w.flush(aesKey)
+		w.flush(context.Background(), aesKey)
 		assert.True(t, strings.Contains(buf.Content(), io.ErrClosedPipe.Error()))
 	})
 }

rest/handler/loghandler.go

@@ -158,9 +158,9 @@ func logDetails(r *http.Request, response *detailLoggedResponseWriter, timer *ut
 	logger := logx.WithContext(r.Context())
 	buf.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("[HTTP] %s - %d - %s - %s\n=> %s\n",
 		r.Method, code, r.RemoteAddr, timex.ReprOfDuration(duration), dumpRequest(r)))
-	if duration > defaultSlowThreshold {
+	if duration > slowThreshold.Load() {
 		logger.Slowf("[HTTP] %s - %d - %s - slowcall(%s)\n=> %s\n", r.Method, code, r.RemoteAddr,
-			fmt.Sprintf("slowcall(%s)", timex.ReprOfDuration(duration)), dumpRequest(r))
+			timex.ReprOfDuration(duration), dumpRequest(r))
 	}
 
 	body := logs.Flush()

rest/handler/sheddinghandler.go

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/load"
-	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logx"
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logc"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/stat"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/rest/httpx"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/rest/internal/response"
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ func SheddingHandler(shedder load.Shedder, metrics *stat.Metrics) func(http.Hand
 			if err != nil {
 				metrics.AddDrop()
 				sheddingStat.IncrementDrop()
-				logx.Errorf("[http] dropped, %s - %s - %s",
+				logc.Errorf(r.Context(), "[http] dropped, %s - %s - %s",
 					r.RequestURI, httpx.GetRemoteAddr(r), r.UserAgent())
 				w.WriteHeader(http.StatusServiceUnavailable)
 				return

rest/httpc/internal/metricsinterceptor_test.go

@@ -6,15 +6,11 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logx"
 )
 
 func TestMetricsInterceptor(t *testing.T) {
-	c := gomock.NewController(t)
-	defer c.Finish()
-
 	logx.Disable()
 
 	svr := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {

rest/httpc/requests.go

@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ func buildRequest(ctx context.Context, method, url string, data any) (*http.Requ
 	req.URL.RawQuery = buildFormQuery(u, val[formKey])
 	fillHeader(req, val[headerKey])
 	if hasJsonBody {
-		req.Header.Set(header.ContentType, header.JsonContentType)
+		req.Header.Set(header.ContentType, header.ContentTypeJson)
 	}
 
 	return req, nil
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ func fillPath(u *nurl.URL, val map[string]any) error {
 			delete(val, key)
 		}
 
-		var unused []string
+		unused := make([]string, 0, len(val))
 		for key := range val {
 			unused = append(unused, key)
 		}
@@ -183,7 +183,6 @@ func request(r *http.Request, cli client) (*http.Response, error) {
 	for i := len(respHandlers) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
 		respHandlers[i](resp, err)
 	}
-
 	if err != nil {
 		span.RecordError(err)
 		span.SetStatus(codes.Error, err.Error())

rest/httpc/requests_test.go

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ func TestDoRequest_NotFound(t *testing.T) {
 	defer svr.Close()
 	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, svr.URL, nil)
 	assert.Nil(t, err)
-	req.Header.Set(header.ContentType, header.JsonContentType)
+	req.Header.Set(header.ContentType, header.ContentTypeJson)
 	resp, err := DoRequest(req)
 	assert.Nil(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, resp.StatusCode)

rest/httpc/responses_test.go

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ func TestParse(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	svr := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		w.Header().Set("foo", "bar")
-		w.Header().Set(header.ContentType, header.JsonContentType)
+		w.Header().Set(header.ContentType, header.ContentTypeJson)
 		w.Write([]byte(`{"name":"kevin","value":100}`))
 	}))
 	defer svr.Close()
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ func TestParseHeaderError(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	svr := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		w.Header().Set("foo", "bar")
-		w.Header().Set(header.ContentType, header.JsonContentType)
+		w.Header().Set(header.ContentType, header.ContentTypeJson)
 	}))
 	defer svr.Close()
 	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, svr.URL, nil)
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ func TestParseNoBody(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	svr := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		w.Header().Set("foo", "bar")
-		w.Header().Set(header.ContentType, header.JsonContentType)
+		w.Header().Set(header.ContentType, header.ContentTypeJson)
 	}))
 	defer svr.Close()
 	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, svr.URL, nil)
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ func TestParseWithZeroValue(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	svr := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		w.Header().Set("foo", "0")
-		w.Header().Set(header.ContentType, header.JsonContentType)
+		w.Header().Set(header.ContentType, header.ContentTypeJson)
 		w.Write([]byte(`{"bar":0}`))
 	}))
 	defer svr.Close()
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ func TestParseWithNegativeContentLength(t *testing.T) {
 		Bar int `json:"bar"`
 	}
 	svr := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		w.Header().Set(header.ContentType, header.JsonContentType)
+		w.Header().Set(header.ContentType, header.ContentTypeJson)
 		w.Write([]byte(`{"bar":0}`))
 	}))
 	defer svr.Close()
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ func TestParseWithNegativeContentLength(t *testing.T) {
 func TestParseWithNegativeContentLengthNoBody(t *testing.T) {
 	var val struct{}
 	svr := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		w.Header().Set(header.ContentType, header.JsonContentType)
+		w.Header().Set(header.ContentType, header.ContentTypeJson)
 	}))
 	defer svr.Close()
 	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, svr.URL, nil)
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ func TestParseWithNegativeContentLengthNoBody(t *testing.T) {
 func TestParseJsonBody_BodyError(t *testing.T) {
 	var val struct{}
 	svr := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		w.Header().Set(header.ContentType, header.JsonContentType)
+		w.Header().Set(header.ContentType, header.ContentTypeJson)
 	}))
 	defer svr.Close()
 	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, svr.URL, nil)

rest/httpc/service_test.go

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ func TestNamedService_DoRequestPost(t *testing.T) {
 	service := NewService("foo")
 	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, svr.URL, nil)
 	assert.Nil(t, err)
-	req.Header.Set(header.ContentType, header.JsonContentType)
+	req.Header.Set(header.ContentType, header.ContentTypeJson)
 	resp, err := service.DoRequest(req)
 	assert.Nil(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, resp.StatusCode)

rest/httpx/requests.go

@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@ package httpx
 import (
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
+	"reflect"
 	"strings"
-	"sync/atomic"
+	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/mapping"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/validation"
@@ -23,9 +24,20 @@ const (
 )
 
 var (
-	formUnmarshaler = mapping.NewUnmarshaler(formKey, mapping.WithStringValues(), mapping.WithOpaqueKeys())
-	pathUnmarshaler = mapping.NewUnmarshaler(pathKey, mapping.WithStringValues(), mapping.WithOpaqueKeys())
-	validator       atomic.Value
+	formUnmarshaler = mapping.NewUnmarshaler(
+		formKey,
+		mapping.WithStringValues(),
+		mapping.WithOpaqueKeys(),
+		mapping.WithFromArray())
+	pathUnmarshaler = mapping.NewUnmarshaler(
+		pathKey,
+		mapping.WithStringValues(),
+		mapping.WithOpaqueKeys())
+
+	// panic: sync/atomic: store of inconsistently typed value into Value
+	// don't use atomic.Value to store the validator, different concrete types still panic
+	validator     Validator
+	validatorLock sync.RWMutex
 )
 
 // Validator defines the interface for validating the request.
@@ -36,16 +48,19 @@ type Validator interface {
 
 // Parse parses the request.
 func Parse(r *http.Request, v any) error {
-	if err := ParsePath(r, v); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
+	kind := mapping.Deref(reflect.TypeOf(v)).Kind()
+	if kind != reflect.Array && kind != reflect.Slice {
+		if err := ParsePath(r, v); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
 
-	if err := ParseForm(r, v); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
+		if err := ParseForm(r, v); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
 
-	if err := ParseHeaders(r, v); err != nil {
-		return err
+		if err := ParseHeaders(r, v); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
 	}
 
 	if err := ParseJsonBody(r, v); err != nil {
@@ -54,8 +69,8 @@ func Parse(r *http.Request, v any) error {
 
 	if valid, ok := v.(validation.Validator); ok {
 		return valid.Validate()
-	} else if val := validator.Load(); val != nil {
-		return val.(Validator).Validate(r, v)
+	} else if val := getValidator(); val != nil {
+		return val.Validate(r, v)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -124,7 +139,15 @@ func ParsePath(r *http.Request, v any) error {
 // The validator is used to validate the request, only called in Parse,
 // not in ParseHeaders, ParseForm, ParseHeader, ParseJsonBody, ParsePath.
 func SetValidator(val Validator) {
-	validator.Store(val)
+	validatorLock.Lock()
+	defer validatorLock.Unlock()
+	validator = val
+}
+
+func getValidator() Validator {
+	validatorLock.RLock()
+	defer validatorLock.RUnlock()
+	return validator
 }
 
 func withJsonBody(r *http.Request) bool {

rest/httpx/requests_test.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package httpx
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
@@ -47,6 +48,254 @@ func TestParseForm(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.Nil(t, Parse(r, &v))
 		assert.Equal(t, 0, len(v.NoValue))
 	})
+
+	t.Run("slice with one value on array format", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Names string `form:"names"`
+		}
+
+		r, err := http.NewRequest(
+			http.MethodGet,
+			"/a?names=1,2,3",
+			http.NoBody)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		if assert.NoError(t, Parse(r, &v)) {
+			assert.Equal(t, "1,2,3", v.Names)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestParseFormArray(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("slice", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Name    []string  `form:"name"`
+			Age     []int     `form:"age"`
+			Percent []float64 `form:"percent,optional"`
+		}
+
+		r, err := http.NewRequest(
+			http.MethodGet,
+			"/a?name=hello&name=world&age=18&age=19&percent=3.4&percent=4.5",
+			http.NoBody)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		if assert.NoError(t, Parse(r, &v)) {
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, []string{"hello", "world"}, v.Name)
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, []int{18, 19}, v.Age)
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, []float64{3.4, 4.5}, v.Percent)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("slice with single value", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Name    []string  `form:"name"`
+			Age     []int     `form:"age"`
+			Percent []float64 `form:"percent,optional"`
+		}
+
+		r, err := http.NewRequest(
+			http.MethodGet,
+			"/a?name=hello&age=18&percent=3.4",
+			http.NoBody)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		if assert.NoError(t, Parse(r, &v)) {
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, []string{"hello"}, v.Name)
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, []int{18}, v.Age)
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, []float64{3.4}, v.Percent)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("slice with empty", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Name []string `form:"name,optional"`
+		}
+
+		r, err := http.NewRequest(
+			http.MethodGet,
+			"/a",
+			http.NoBody)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		if assert.NoError(t, Parse(r, &v)) {
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, []string{}, v.Name)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("slice with empty", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Name []string `form:"name,optional"`
+		}
+
+		r, err := http.NewRequest(
+			http.MethodGet,
+			"/a?name=",
+			http.NoBody)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		if assert.NoError(t, Parse(r, &v)) {
+			assert.Empty(t, v.Name)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("slice with empty and non-empty", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Name []string `form:"name"`
+		}
+
+		r, err := http.NewRequest(
+			http.MethodGet,
+			"/a?name=&name=1",
+			http.NoBody)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		if assert.NoError(t, Parse(r, &v)) {
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, []string{"1"}, v.Name)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("slice with one value on array format", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Names []string `form:"names"`
+		}
+
+		r, err := http.NewRequest(
+			http.MethodGet,
+			"/a?names=1,2,3",
+			http.NoBody)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		if assert.NoError(t, Parse(r, &v)) {
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, []string{"1,2,3"}, v.Names)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("slice with one value on combined array format", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Names []string `form:"names"`
+		}
+
+		r, err := http.NewRequest(
+			http.MethodGet,
+			"/a?names=[1,2,3]&names=4",
+			http.NoBody)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		if assert.NoError(t, Parse(r, &v)) {
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, []string{"[1,2,3]", "4"}, v.Names)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("slice with one value on integer array format", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Numbers []int `form:"numbers"`
+		}
+
+		r, err := http.NewRequest(
+			http.MethodGet,
+			"/a?numbers=1,2,3",
+			http.NoBody)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Error(t, Parse(r, &v))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("slice with one value on array format brackets", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Names []string `form:"names"`
+		}
+
+		r, err := http.NewRequest(
+			http.MethodGet,
+			"/a?names[]=1&names[]=2&names[]=3",
+			http.NoBody)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		if assert.NoError(t, Parse(r, &v)) {
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, []string{"1", "2", "3"}, v.Names)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("slice with one empty value on integer array format", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Numbers []int `form:"numbers,optional"`
+		}
+
+		r, err := http.NewRequest(
+			http.MethodGet,
+			"/a?numbers=",
+			http.NoBody)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		if assert.NoError(t, Parse(r, &v)) {
+			assert.Empty(t, v.Numbers)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("slice with one value on integer array format", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Numbers []int `form:"numbers,optional"`
+		}
+
+		r, err := http.NewRequest(
+			http.MethodGet,
+			"/a?numbers=&numbers=2",
+			http.NoBody)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		if assert.NoError(t, Parse(r, &v)) {
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, []int{2}, v.Numbers)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("slice with one empty value on float64 array format", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Numbers []float64 `form:"numbers,optional"`
+		}
+
+		r, err := http.NewRequest(
+			http.MethodGet,
+			"/a?numbers=",
+			http.NoBody)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		if assert.NoError(t, Parse(r, &v)) {
+			assert.Empty(t, v.Numbers)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("slice with one value on float64 array format", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Numbers []float64 `form:"numbers,optional"`
+		}
+
+		r, err := http.NewRequest(
+			http.MethodGet,
+			"/a?numbers=&numbers=2",
+			http.NoBody)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		if assert.NoError(t, Parse(r, &v)) {
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, []float64{2}, v.Numbers)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("slice with one value", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Codes []string `form:"codes"`
+		}
+
+		r, err := http.NewRequest(
+			http.MethodGet,
+			"/a?codes=aaa,bbb,ccc",
+			http.NoBody)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		if assert.NoError(t, Parse(r, &v)) {
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, []string{"aaa,bbb,ccc"}, v.Codes)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("slice with multiple values", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v struct {
+			Codes []string `form:"codes,arrayComma=false"`
+		}
+
+		r, err := http.NewRequest(
+			http.MethodGet,
+			"/a?codes=aaa,bbb,ccc&codes=ccc,ddd,eee",
+			http.NoBody)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		if assert.NoError(t, Parse(r, &v)) {
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, []string{"aaa,bbb,ccc", "ccc,ddd,eee"}, v.Codes)
+		}
+	})
 }
 
 func TestParseForm_Error(t *testing.T) {
@@ -227,7 +476,7 @@ func TestParseJsonBody(t *testing.T) {
 
 		body := `{"name":"kevin", "age": 18}`
 		r := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", strings.NewReader(body))
-		r.Header.Set(ContentType, header.JsonContentType)
+		r.Header.Set(ContentType, header.ContentTypeJson)
 
 		if assert.NoError(t, Parse(r, &v)) {
 			assert.Equal(t, "kevin", v.Name)
@@ -243,7 +492,7 @@ func TestParseJsonBody(t *testing.T) {
 
 		body := `{"name":"kevin", "ag": 18}`
 		r := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", strings.NewReader(body))
-		r.Header.Set(ContentType, header.JsonContentType)
+		r.Header.Set(ContentType, header.ContentTypeJson)
 
 		assert.Error(t, Parse(r, &v))
 	})
@@ -268,13 +517,53 @@ func TestParseJsonBody(t *testing.T) {
 
 		body := `[{"name":"kevin", "age": 18}]`
 		r := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", strings.NewReader(body))
-		r.Header.Set(ContentType, header.JsonContentType)
+		r.Header.Set(ContentType, header.ContentTypeJson)
 
-		assert.NoError(t, ParseJsonBody(r, &v))
+		assert.NoError(t, Parse(r, &v))
 		assert.Equal(t, 1, len(v))
 		assert.Equal(t, "kevin", v[0].Name)
 		assert.Equal(t, 18, v[0].Age)
 	})
+
+	t.Run("form and array body", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var v []struct {
+			// we can only ignore the form tag,
+			// because if the value is a slice, it should be in the body,
+			// but it's hard to detect when we treat it as a json body.
+			Product string `form:"product"`
+			Name    string `json:"name"`
+			Age     int    `json:"age"`
+		}
+
+		body := `[{"name":"apple", "age": 18}]`
+		r := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/a?product=tree", strings.NewReader(body))
+		r.Header.Set(ContentType, header.ContentTypeJson)
+
+		assert.NoError(t, Parse(r, &v))
+		assert.Equal(t, 1, len(v))
+		assert.Equal(t, "apple", v[0].Name)
+		assert.Equal(t, 18, v[0].Age)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("bytes field", func(t *testing.T) {
+		type v struct {
+			Signature []byte `json:"signature,optional"`
+		}
+		v1 := v{
+			Signature: []byte{0x01, 0xff, 0x00},
+		}
+		body, _ := json.Marshal(v1)
+		t.Logf("body:%s", string(body))
+		r := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", strings.NewReader(string(body)))
+		r.Header.Set(ContentType, header.ContentTypeJson)
+		var v2 v
+		err := ParseJsonBody(r, &v2)
+		if assert.NoError(t, err) {
+			assert.Greater(t, len(v2.Signature), 0)
+		}
+		t.Logf("%x", v2.Signature)
+		assert.EqualValues(t, v1.Signature, v2.Signature)
+	})
 }
 
 func TestParseRequired(t *testing.T) {
@@ -320,7 +609,7 @@ func TestParseHeaders(t *testing.T) {
 	request.Header.Add("addrs", "addr2")
 	request.Header.Add("X-Forwarded-For", "10.0.10.11")
 	request.Header.Add("x-real-ip", "10.0.11.10")
-	request.Header.Add("Accept", header.JsonContentType)
+	request.Header.Add("Accept", header.ContentTypeJson)
 	err = ParseHeaders(request, &v)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
@@ -330,7 +619,7 @@ func TestParseHeaders(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, []string{"addr1", "addr2"}, v.Addrs)
 	assert.Equal(t, "10.0.10.11", v.XForwardedFor)
 	assert.Equal(t, "10.0.11.10", v.XRealIP)
-	assert.Equal(t, header.JsonContentType, v.Accept)
+	assert.Equal(t, header.ContentTypeJson, v.Accept)
 }
 
 func TestParseHeaders_Error(t *testing.T) {
@@ -422,7 +711,7 @@ func TestParseWithFloatPtr(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 		body := `{"weightFloat32": 3.2}`
 		r := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", strings.NewReader(body))
-		r.Header.Set(ContentType, header.JsonContentType)
+		r.Header.Set(ContentType, header.ContentTypeJson)
 
 		if assert.NoError(t, Parse(r, &v)) {
 			assert.Equal(t, float32(3.2), *v.WeightFloat32)
@@ -453,6 +742,42 @@ func TestCustomUnmarshalerStructRequest(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, "hello", v.Foo.Name)
 }
 
+func TestParseJsonStringRequest(t *testing.T) {
+	type GoodsInfo struct {
+		Sku int64 `json:"sku,optional"`
+	}
+
+	type GetReq struct {
+		GoodsList []*GoodsInfo `json:"goods_list"`
+	}
+
+	input := `{"goods_list":"[{\"sku\":11},{\"sku\":22}]"}`
+	r := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/a", strings.NewReader(input))
+	r.Header.Set(ContentType, JsonContentType)
+	var v GetReq
+	assert.NotPanics(t, func() {
+		assert.NoError(t, Parse(r, &v))
+		assert.Equal(t, 2, len(v.GoodsList))
+		assert.ElementsMatch(t, []int64{11, 22}, []int64{v.GoodsList[0].Sku, v.GoodsList[1].Sku})
+	})
+}
+
+type valid1 struct{}
+
+func (v valid1) Validate(*http.Request, any) error { return nil }
+
+type valid2 struct{}
+
+func (v valid2) Validate(*http.Request, any) error { return nil }
+
+func TestSetValidatorTwice(t *testing.T) {
+	// panic: sync/atomic: store of inconsistently typed value into Value
+	assert.NotPanics(t, func() {
+		SetValidator(valid1{})
+		SetValidator(valid2{})
+	})
+}
+
 func BenchmarkParseRaw(b *testing.B) {
 	r, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "http://hello.com/a?name=hello&age=18&percent=3.4", http.NoBody)
 	if err != nil {

rest/httpx/responses.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 	"sync"
 
+	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logc"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/core/logx"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/rest/internal/errcode"
 	"github.com/zeromicro/go-zero/rest/internal/header"
@@ -119,7 +120,7 @@ func WriteJson(w http.ResponseWriter, code int, v any) {
 // WriteJsonCtx writes v as json string into w with code.
 func WriteJsonCtx(ctx context.Context, w http.ResponseWriter, code int, v any) {
 	if err := doWriteJson(w, code, v); err != nil {
-		logx.WithContext(ctx).Error(err)
+		logc.Error(ctx, err)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -178,7 +179,7 @@ func doWriteJson(w http.ResponseWriter, code int, v any) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("marshal json failed, error: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	w.Header().Set(ContentType, header.JsonContentType)
+	w.Header().Set(ContentType, header.ContentTypeJson)
 	w.WriteHeader(code)
 
 	if n, err := w.Write(bs); err != nil {