mirror of
https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-cli.git
synced 2026-09-14 19:59:39 +08:00
Yury Semikhatsky
565 lines
22 KiB
Markdown
565 lines
22 KiB
Markdown
# playwright-cli
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Playwright CLI with SKILLS
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### Playwright CLI vs Playwright MCP
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This package provides CLI interface into Playwright. If you are using **coding agents**, that is the best fit.
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- **CLI**: Modern **coding agents** increasingly favor CLI–based workflows exposed as SKILLs over MCP because CLI invocations are more token-efficient: they avoid loading large tool schemas and verbose accessibility trees into the model context, allowing agents to act through concise, purpose-built commands. This makes CLI + SKILLs better suited for high-throughput coding agents that must balance browser automation with large codebases, tests, and reasoning within limited context windows.
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- **MCP**: MCP remains relevant for specialized agentic loops that benefit from persistent state, rich introspection, and iterative reasoning over page structure, such as exploratory automation, self-healing tests, or long-running autonomous workflows where maintaining continuous browser context outweighs token cost concerns. Learn more about [Playwright MCP](https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-mcp).
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### Key Features
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- **Token-efficient**. Does not force page data into LLM.
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### Requirements
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- Node.js 18 or newer
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- Claude Code, GitHub Copilot, or any other coding agent.
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## Getting Started
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## Installation
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```bash
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npm install -g @playwright/cli@latest
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playwright-cli --help
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```
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### Installing skills
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Claude Code, GitHub Copilot and others will use the locally installed skills.
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```bash
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playwright-cli install --skills
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```
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### Skills-less operation
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Point your agent at the CLI and let it cook. It'll read the skill off `playwright-cli --help` on its own:
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```
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Test the "add todo" flow on https://demo.playwright.dev/todomvc using playwright-cli.
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Check playwright-cli --help for available commands.
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```
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## Demo
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```
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> Use playwright skills to test https://demo.playwright.dev/todomvc/.
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Take screenshots for all successful and failing scenarios.
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```
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Your agent will be running commands, but it does not mean you can't play with it manually:
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```
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playwright-cli open https://demo.playwright.dev/todomvc/ --headed
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playwright-cli type "Buy groceries"
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playwright-cli press Enter
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playwright-cli type "Water flowers"
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playwright-cli press Enter
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playwright-cli check e21
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playwright-cli check e35
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playwright-cli screenshot
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```
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## Headed operation
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Playwright CLI is headless by default. If you'd like to see the browser, pass `--headed` to `open`:
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```bash
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playwright-cli open https://playwright.dev --headed
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```
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## Sessions
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Playwright CLI keeps the browser profile in memory by default. Your cookies and storage state
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are preserved between CLI calls within the session, but lost when the browser closes. Use
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`--persistent` to save the profile to disk for persistence across browser restarts.
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You can use different instances of the browser for different projects with sessions. Pass `-s=` to
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the invocation to talk to a specific browser.
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```bash
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playwright-cli open https://playwright.dev
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playwright-cli -s=example open https://example.com --persistent
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playwright-cli list
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```
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You can run your coding agent with the `PLAYWRIGHT_CLI_SESSION` environment variable:
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```bash
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PLAYWRIGHT_CLI_SESSION=todo-app claude .
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```
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Or instruct it to prepend `-s=` to the calls.
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Manage your sessions as follows:
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```bash
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playwright-cli list # list all sessions
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playwright-cli close-all # close all browsers
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playwright-cli kill-all # forcefully kill all browser processes
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```
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## Monitoring
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Use `playwright-cli show` to open a visual dashboard that lets you see and control all running
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browser sessions. This is useful when your coding agents are running browser automation in the
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background and you want to observe their progress or step in to help.
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```bash
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playwright-cli show
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```
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<img width="1107" height="729" alt="Image" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/99df739d-106a-4520-b004-bb315db41da7" />
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The dashboard opens a window with two views:
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- **Session grid** — shows all active sessions grouped by workspace, each with a live screencast
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preview, session name, current URL, and page title. Click any session to zoom in.
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- **Session detail** — shows a live view of the selected session with a tab bar, navigation
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controls (back, forward, reload, address bar), and full remote control. Click into the viewport
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to take over mouse and keyboard input; press Escape to release.
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From the grid you can also close running sessions or delete data for inactive ones.
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## Commands
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### Core
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```bash
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playwright-cli open [url] # open browser, optionally navigate to url
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playwright-cli goto <url> # navigate to a url
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playwright-cli close # close the page
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playwright-cli type <text> # type text into editable element
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playwright-cli click <ref> [button] # perform click on a web page
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playwright-cli dblclick <ref> [button] # perform double click on a web page
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playwright-cli fill <ref> <text> # fill text into editable element
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playwright-cli fill <ref> <text> --submit # fill and press Enter
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playwright-cli drag <startRef> <endRef> # perform drag and drop between two elements
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playwright-cli drop <ref> --path=<file> # drop files onto an element (from outside the page)
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playwright-cli drop <ref> --data="k=v" # drop data onto an element
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playwright-cli hover <ref> # hover over element on page
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playwright-cli select <ref> <val> # select an option in a dropdown
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playwright-cli upload <file> # upload one or multiple files
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playwright-cli check <ref> # check a checkbox or radio button
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playwright-cli uncheck <ref> # uncheck a checkbox or radio button
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playwright-cli snapshot # capture page snapshot to obtain element ref
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playwright-cli snapshot --filename=f # save snapshot to specific file
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playwright-cli snapshot <ref> # snapshot a specific element
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playwright-cli snapshot --depth=N # limit snapshot depth for efficiency
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playwright-cli eval <func> [ref] # evaluate javascript expression on page or element
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playwright-cli dialog-accept [prompt] # accept a dialog
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playwright-cli dialog-dismiss # dismiss a dialog
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playwright-cli resize <w> <h> # resize the browser window
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```
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### Navigation
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```bash
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playwright-cli go-back # go back to the previous page
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playwright-cli go-forward # go forward to the next page
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playwright-cli reload # reload the current page
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```
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### Keyboard
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```bash
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playwright-cli press <key> # press a key on the keyboard, `a`, `arrowleft`
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playwright-cli keydown <key> # press a key down on the keyboard
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playwright-cli keyup <key> # press a key up on the keyboard
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```
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### Mouse
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```bash
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playwright-cli mousemove <x> <y> # move mouse to a given position
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playwright-cli mousedown [button] # press mouse down
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playwright-cli mouseup [button] # press mouse up
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playwright-cli mousewheel <dx> <dy> # scroll mouse wheel
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```
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### Save as
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```bash
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playwright-cli screenshot [ref] # screenshot of the current page or element
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playwright-cli screenshot --filename=f # save screenshot with specific filename
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playwright-cli pdf # save page as pdf
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playwright-cli pdf --filename=page.pdf # save pdf with specific filename
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```
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### Tabs
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```bash
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playwright-cli tab-list # list all tabs
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playwright-cli tab-new [url] # create a new tab
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playwright-cli tab-close [index] # close a browser tab
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playwright-cli tab-select <index> # select a browser tab
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```
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### Storage
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```bash
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playwright-cli state-save [filename] # save storage state
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playwright-cli state-load <filename> # load storage state
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# Cookies
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playwright-cli cookie-list [--domain] # list cookies
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playwright-cli cookie-get <name> # get a cookie
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playwright-cli cookie-set <name> <val> # set a cookie
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playwright-cli cookie-delete <name> # delete a cookie
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playwright-cli cookie-clear # clear all cookies
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# LocalStorage
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playwright-cli localstorage-list # list localStorage entries
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playwright-cli localstorage-get <key> # get localStorage value
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playwright-cli localstorage-set <k> <v> # set localStorage value
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playwright-cli localstorage-delete <k> # delete localStorage entry
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playwright-cli localstorage-clear # clear all localStorage
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# SessionStorage
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playwright-cli sessionstorage-list # list sessionStorage entries
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playwright-cli sessionstorage-get <k> # get sessionStorage value
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playwright-cli sessionstorage-set <k> <v> # set sessionStorage value
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playwright-cli sessionstorage-delete <k> # delete sessionStorage entry
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playwright-cli sessionstorage-clear # clear all sessionStorage
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```
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### Network
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```bash
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playwright-cli route <pattern> [opts] # mock network requests
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playwright-cli route-list # list active routes
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playwright-cli unroute [pattern] # remove route(s)
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```
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### DevTools
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```bash
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playwright-cli console [min-level] # list console messages
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playwright-cli requests # list all network requests since loading the page
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playwright-cli request <index> # show details for a specific request
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playwright-cli run-code <code> # run playwright code snippet
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playwright-cli run-code --filename=f # run playwright code from a file
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playwright-cli tracing-start # start trace recording
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playwright-cli tracing-stop # stop trace recording
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playwright-cli video-start [filename] # start video recording
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playwright-cli video-chapter <title> # add a chapter marker to the video
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playwright-cli video-stop # stop video recording
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playwright-cli show # open the visual dashboard
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playwright-cli show --annotate # launch dashboard for UI review / design feedback
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playwright-cli generate-locator <ref> # generate a playwright locator for an element
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playwright-cli highlight <ref> # show a persistent highlight overlay
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playwright-cli highlight <ref> --style= # highlight with a custom CSS style
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playwright-cli highlight <ref> --hide # hide highlight on a specific element
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playwright-cli highlight --hide # hide all page highlights
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```
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### Open parameters
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```bash
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playwright-cli open --browser=chrome # use specific browser
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playwright-cli attach --extension=chrome # connect via Playwright Extension
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playwright-cli attach --cdp=chrome # attach to running Chrome/Edge by channel
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playwright-cli attach --cdp=<url> # attach via CDP endpoint
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playwright-cli detach # detach an attached session, leaves the external browser running
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playwright-cli open --persistent # use persistent profile
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playwright-cli open --profile=<path> # use custom profile directory
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playwright-cli open --config=file.json # use config file
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playwright-cli close # close the browser
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playwright-cli delete-data # delete user data for default session
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```
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### Snapshots
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After each command, playwright-cli provides a snapshot of the current browser state.
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```bash
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> playwright-cli goto https://example.com
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### Page
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- Page URL: https://example.com/
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- Page Title: Example Domain
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### Snapshot
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[Snapshot](.playwright-cli/page-2026-02-14T19-22-42-679Z.yml)
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```
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You can also take a snapshot on demand using `playwright-cli snapshot` command. All the options below can be combined as needed.
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```bash
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# default - save to a file with timestamp-based name
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playwright-cli snapshot
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# save to file, use when snapshot is a part of the workflow result
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playwright-cli snapshot --filename=after-click.yaml
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# snapshot an element instead of the whole page
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playwright-cli snapshot "#main"
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# limit snapshot depth for efficiency, take a partial snapshot afterwards
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playwright-cli snapshot --depth=4
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playwright-cli snapshot e34
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# include each element's bounding box as [box=x,y,width,height]
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playwright-cli snapshot --boxes
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```
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### Targeting elements
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By default, use refs from the snapshot to interact with page elements.
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```bash
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# get snapshot with refs
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playwright-cli snapshot
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# interact using a ref
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playwright-cli click e15
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```
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You can also use css selectors or Playwright locators.
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```bash
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# css selector
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playwright-cli click "#main > button.submit"
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# role locator
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playwright-cli click "getByRole('button', { name: 'Submit' })"
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# test id
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playwright-cli click "getByTestId('submit-button')"
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```
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### Sessions
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```bash
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playwright-cli -s=name <cmd> # run command in named session
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playwright-cli -s=name close # stop a named browser
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playwright-cli -s=name delete-data # delete user data for named browser
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playwright-cli list # list all sessions
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playwright-cli close-all # close all browsers
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playwright-cli kill-all # forcefully kill all browser processes
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```
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### Local installation
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If global `playwright-cli` command is not available, try a local version via `npx playwright-cli`:
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```bash
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npx --no-install playwright-cli --version
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```
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When local version is available, use `npx playwright-cli` in all commands. Otherwise, install `playwright-cli` as a global command:
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```bash
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npm install -g @playwright/cli@latest
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```
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## Configuration file
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The Playwright CLI can be configured using a JSON configuration file. You can specify the configuration file using the `--config` command line option:
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```bash
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playwright-cli --config path/to/config.json open example.com
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```
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Playwright CLI will load config from `.playwright/cli.config.json` by default so that you did not need to specify it every time.
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<details>
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<summary>Configuration file schema</summary>
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```typescript
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{
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/**
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* The browser to use.
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*/
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browser?: {
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/**
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* The type of browser to use.
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*/
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browserName?: 'chromium' | 'firefox' | 'webkit';
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/**
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* Keep the browser profile in memory, do not save it to disk.
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*/
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isolated?: boolean;
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/**
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* Path to a user data directory for browser profile persistence.
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* Temporary directory is created by default.
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*/
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userDataDir?: string;
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/**
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* Launch options passed to
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* @see https://playwright.dev/docs/api/class-browsertype#browser-type-launch-persistent-context
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*
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* This is useful for settings options like `channel`, `headless`, `executablePath`, etc.
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*/
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launchOptions?: playwright.LaunchOptions;
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/**
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* Context options for the browser context.
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*
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* This is useful for settings options like `viewport`.
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*/
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contextOptions?: playwright.BrowserContextOptions;
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/**
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* Chrome DevTools Protocol endpoint to connect to an existing browser instance in case of Chromium family browsers.
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*/
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cdpEndpoint?: string;
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/**
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* CDP headers to send with the connect request.
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*/
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cdpHeaders?: Record<string, string>;
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/**
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* Timeout in milliseconds for connecting to CDP endpoint. Defaults to 30000 (30 seconds). Pass 0 to disable timeout.
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*/
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cdpTimeout?: number;
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/**
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* Remote endpoint to connect to an existing Playwright server.
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*/
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remoteEndpoint?: string;
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/**
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* Paths to TypeScript files to add as initialization scripts for Playwright page.
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*/
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initPage?: string[];
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/**
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* Paths to JavaScript files to add as initialization scripts.
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* The scripts will be evaluated in every page before any of the page's scripts.
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*/
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initScript?: string[];
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},
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/**
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* If specified, saves the Playwright video of the session into the output directory.
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*/
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saveVideo?: {
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width: number;
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height: number;
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};
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/**
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* The directory to save output files.
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*/
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outputDir?: string;
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/**
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* Whether to save snapshots, console messages, network logs and other session logs to a file or to the standard output. Defaults to "stdout".
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*/
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outputMode?: 'file' | 'stdout';
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console?: {
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/**
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* The level of console messages to return. Each level includes the messages of more severe levels. Defaults to "info".
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*/
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level?: 'error' | 'warning' | 'info' | 'debug';
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},
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network?: {
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/**
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* List of origins to allow the browser to request. Default is to allow all. Origins matching both `allowedOrigins` and `blockedOrigins` will be blocked.
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*/
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allowedOrigins?: string[];
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/**
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* List of origins to block the browser to request. Origins matching both `allowedOrigins` and `blockedOrigins` will be blocked.
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*/
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blockedOrigins?: string[];
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};
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/**
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* Specify the attribute to use for test ids, defaults to "data-testid".
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*/
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testIdAttribute?: string;
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timeouts?: {
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/*
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* Configures default action timeout: https://playwright.dev/docs/api/class-page#page-set-default-timeout. Defaults to 5000ms.
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*/
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action?: number;
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/*
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* Configures default navigation timeout: https://playwright.dev/docs/api/class-page#page-set-default-navigation-timeout. Defaults to 60000ms.
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*/
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navigation?: number;
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};
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/**
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* Whether to allow file uploads from anywhere on the file system.
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* By default (false), file uploads are restricted to paths within the MCP roots only.
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*/
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allowUnrestrictedFileAccess?: boolean;
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/**
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* Specify the language to use for code generation.
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*/
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codegen?: 'typescript' | 'none';
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}
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```
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</details>
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<details>
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<summary>Configuration via env</summary>
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| Environment |
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|-------------|
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| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_ALLOWED_HOSTS` comma-separated list of hosts this server is allowed to serve from. Defaults to the host the server is bound to. Pass '*' to disable the host check. |
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| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_ALLOWED_ORIGINS` semicolon-separated list of TRUSTED origins to allow the browser to request. Default is to allow all. Important: *does not* serve as a security boundary and *does not* affect redirects. |
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| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_ALLOW_UNRESTRICTED_FILE_ACCESS` allow access to files outside of the workspace roots. Also allows unrestricted access to file:// URLs. By default access to file system is restricted to workspace root directories (or cwd if no roots are configured) only, and navigation to file:// URLs is blocked. |
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| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_BLOCKED_ORIGINS` semicolon-separated list of origins to block the browser from requesting. Blocklist is evaluated before allowlist. If used without the allowlist, requests not matching the blocklist are still allowed. Important: *does not* serve as a security boundary and *does not* affect redirects. |
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| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_BLOCK_SERVICE_WORKERS` block service workers |
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| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_BROWSER` browser or chrome channel to use, possible values: chrome, firefox, webkit, msedge. |
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| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_CAPS` comma-separated list of additional capabilities to enable, possible values: vision, pdf. |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_CDP_ENDPOINT` CDP endpoint to connect to. |
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||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_CDP_HEADERS` CDP headers to send with the connect request, multiple can be specified. |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_CDP_TIMEOUT` timeout for the CDP connection. |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_CONFIG` path to the configuration file. |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_CONSOLE_LEVEL` level of console messages to return: "error", "warning", "info", "debug". Each level includes the messages of more severe levels. |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_DEVICE` device to emulate, for example: "iPhone 15" |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_EXECUTABLE_PATH` path to the browser executable. |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_EXTENSION` Connect to a running browser instance (Edge/Chrome only). Requires the "Playwright MCP Bridge" browser extension to be installed. |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_GRANT_PERMISSIONS` List of permissions to grant to the browser context, for example "geolocation", "clipboard-read", "clipboard-write". |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_HEADLESS` whether to run browser in headless mode, headless by default. |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_IGNORE_HTTPS_ERRORS` ignore https errors |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_INIT_PAGE` path to TypeScript file to evaluate on Playwright page object |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_INIT_SCRIPT` path to JavaScript file to add as an initialization script. The script will be evaluated in every page before any of the page's scripts. Can be specified multiple times. |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_ISOLATED` keep the browser profile in memory, do not save it to disk. |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_SANDBOX` whether to enable the browser sandbox. |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_OUTPUT_DIR` path to the directory for output files. |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_PROXY_BYPASS` comma-separated domains to bypass proxy, for example ".com,chromium.org,.domain.com" |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_PROXY_SERVER` specify proxy server, for example "http://myproxy:3128" or "socks5://myproxy:8080" |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_SAVE_TRACE` Whether to save the Playwright Trace of the session into the output directory. |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_SAVE_VIDEO` Whether to save the video of the session into the output directory. For example "--save-video=800x600" |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_SECRETS_FILE` path to a file containing secrets in the dotenv format |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_STORAGE_STATE` path to the storage state file for isolated sessions. |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_TEST_ID_ATTRIBUTE` specify the attribute to use for test ids, defaults to "data-testid" |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_TIMEOUT_ACTION` specify action timeout in milliseconds, defaults to 5000ms |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_TIMEOUT_NAVIGATION` specify navigation timeout in milliseconds, defaults to 60000ms |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_USER_AGENT` specify user agent string |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_USER_DATA_DIR` path to the user data directory. If not specified, a temporary directory will be created. |
|
||
| `PLAYWRIGHT_MCP_VIEWPORT_SIZE` specify browser viewport size in pixels, for example "1280x720" |
|
||
</details>
|
||
|
||
## Specific tasks
|
||
|
||
The installed skill includes detailed reference guides for common tasks:
|
||
|
||
* **Running and Debugging Playwright tests** — run, debug and manage Playwright test suites
|
||
* **Request mocking** — intercept and mock network requests
|
||
* **Running Playwright code** — execute arbitrary Playwright scripts
|
||
* **Browser session management** — manage multiple browser sessions
|
||
* **Spec-driven testing (plan / generate / heal)** — drive tests from a written spec
|
||
* **Storage state (cookies, localStorage)** — persist and restore browser state
|
||
* **Test generation** — generate Playwright tests from interactions
|
||
* **Tracing** — record and inspect execution traces
|
||
* **Video recording** — capture browser session videos
|
||
* **Inspecting element attributes** — get element id, class, or any attribute not visible in the snapshot
|