build: ensure esbuild nodejs_binary correctly wires up ESM loader (#48521)

ESBuild relies on the linker and we currently set up the ESM loader,
along with accidentally enabling the patched resolution loader. This
didn't cause any problems in sandbox, but outside of sandbox incorrect
ESBuild versions may be discovered because the loader looks at the
top-level `npm/` node modules before looking relative to e.g.
`@bazel/esbuild`

PR Close #48521

tools/esm-interop/patches/npm/@bazel+esbuild+5.7.1.patch

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ index 7d84b1d..d008b4b 100755
 -exports_files(["launcher.js"])
 +exports_files(["launcher.mjs"])
 diff --git a/node_modules/@bazel/esbuild/esbuild.bzl b/node_modules/@bazel/esbuild/esbuild.bzl
-index 9600076..5a69c8d 100755
+index 9600076..8a0cace 100755
 --- a/node_modules/@bazel/esbuild/esbuild.bzl
 +++ b/node_modules/@bazel/esbuild/esbuild.bzl
 @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ esbuild rule
@@ -18,12 +18,13 @@ index 9600076..5a69c8d 100755
  load("@build_bazel_rules_nodejs//:providers.bzl", "ExternalNpmPackageInfo", "JSEcmaScriptModuleInfo", "node_modules_aspect", "run_node")
  load("@build_bazel_rules_nodejs//internal/linker:link_node_modules.bzl", "LinkerPackageMappingInfo", "module_mappings_aspect")
  load("@build_bazel_rules_nodejs//internal/common:expand_variables.bzl", "expand_variables")
-@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ def esbuild_macro(name, output_dir = False, splitting = False, **kwargs):
+@@ -420,7 +420,8 @@ def esbuild_macro(name, output_dir = False, splitting = False, **kwargs):
      _launcher = "_%s_esbuild_launcher" % name
      nodejs_binary(
          name = _launcher,
 -        entry_point = Label("//@bazel/esbuild:launcher.js"),
 +        entry_point = Label("//@bazel/esbuild:launcher.mjs"),
++        linker_enabled = True,
      )
  
      srcs = kwargs.pop("srcs", [])