diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 3b2d729..f157213 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ Common parameters:
 | `date`    | Date range                 | `20250101..20251231`                 |
 | `file`    | File extension             | `pdf`, `doc`, `xls`                  |
 | `site`    | Site-specific search       | `github.com`                         |
-| `limit`   | Number of results, max 100 | `10`, `25`, `50`                     |
+| `limit`   | Number of organic results, max 100. Ads may be returned in addition. | `10`, `25`, `50`                     |
 | `start`   | Pagination offset          | `0`, `10`, `20`                      |
 | `format`  | Output format              | `json`, `markdown`, `text`, `ndjson` |
 
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ Engine-specific parameters:
     "requested_at": "2026-04-25T22:27:52Z",
     "took_ms": 6410,
     "engines_failed": [],
-    "version": "1.0"
+    "version": "2.0"
   },
   "results": [
     {
@@ -143,22 +143,14 @@ Engine-specific parameters:
       "snippet": "Official Go documentation, tutorials, references, and release notes.",
       "domain": "go.dev",
       "favicon": "https://go.dev/favicon.ico",
-      "is_ad": false,
       "position": {
-        "absolute": 1,
-        "page": 1,
-        "on_page": 1
+        "absolute": 1
       },
       "engine": "google",
       "domain_info": {
         "tld": "dev",
         "sld": "go",
-        "is_gov": false,
-        "is_edu": false,
-        "is_social": false
-      },
-      "classification": {
-        "content_type": "webpage"
+        "category": ""
       }
     }
   ],
diff --git a/baidu/parse_html.go b/baidu/parse_html.go
index d42cf2f..a9c0649 100644
--- a/baidu/parse_html.go
+++ b/baidu/parse_html.go
@@ -37,8 +37,12 @@ func baiduResultSelectors() []string {
 func parseBaiduSelection(sel *goquery.Selection) []core.SearchResult {
 	var results []core.SearchResult
 	rank := 1
+	adRank := 1
+	absoluteRank := 1
 
 	sel.Each(func(_ int, item *goquery.Selection) {
+		isAd := baiduSelectionHasAdMarker(item)
+
 		// h3-first: organic results always carry a heading; this filters out
 		// non-result blocks that may share the wrapper class.
 		titleTag := item.Find("h3").First()
@@ -96,21 +100,55 @@ func parseBaiduSelection(sel *goquery.Selection) []core.SearchResult {
 			desc = strings.TrimSpace(strings.Replace(full, title, "", 1))
 		}
 
+		resultRank := rank
+		if isAd {
+			resultRank = adRank
+			adRank++
+		} else {
+			rank++
+		}
+
 		results = append(results, core.SearchResult{
-			Rank:        rank,
-			URL:         href,
-			Title:       title,
-			Description: desc,
+			Rank:         resultRank,
+			AbsoluteRank: absoluteRank,
+			URL:          href,
+			Title:        title,
+			Description:  desc,
+			Ad:           isAd,
 		})
-		rank++
+		absoluteRank++
 	})
 
 	// Re-rank sequentially after dedup so callers get a clean 1..N sequence
 	// (dedup may drop intermediate ranks when the same URL appears in
 	// multiple Baidu result-card variants on the same SERP).
 	deduped := core.DeduplicateResults(results)
+	organicIdx := 0
 	for i := range deduped {
-		deduped[i].Rank = i + 1
+		if deduped[i].Ad {
+			continue
+		}
+		organicIdx++
+		deduped[i].Rank = organicIdx
 	}
 	return deduped
 }
+
+func baiduSelectionHasAdMarker(item *goquery.Selection) bool {
+	for _, selector := range Selectors.AdMarkers {
+		if item.Is(selector) || item.Find(selector).Length() > 0 {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	isAd := false
+	item.Find("span, i, em").EachWithBreak(func(_ int, marker *goquery.Selection) bool {
+		text := strings.TrimSpace(marker.Text())
+		if text == "广告" || text == "推广" || text == "商业推广" {
+			isAd = true
+			return false
+		}
+		return true
+	})
+	return isAd
+}
diff --git a/baidu/parse_html_test.go b/baidu/parse_html_test.go
index 9823a4d..50331f5 100644
--- a/baidu/parse_html_test.go
+++ b/baidu/parse_html_test.go
@@ -104,3 +104,53 @@ func TestParseBaiduHTMLFallsBackWhenEarlierSelectorHasNoResult(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected URL: %s", results[0].URL)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestParseBaiduHTMLAdsDoNotConsumeOrganicRank(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	html := `
+<div id="content_left">
+  <div class="result c-container" data-tuiguang="1">
+    <h3><a href="https://ads.example.com">Sponsored Result</a></h3>
+    <div class="c-abstract">Paid snippet</div>
+  </div>
+  <div class="result c-container">
+    <h3><a href="https://organic.example.com/one">Organic One</a></h3>
+    <div class="c-abstract">Organic snippet one</div>
+  </div>
+  <div class="result c-container">
+    <h3><a href="https://organic.example.com/two">Organic Two</a></h3>
+    <div class="c-abstract">Organic snippet two</div>
+  </div>
+</div>`
+
+	results, err := ParseHTML(bytes.NewReader([]byte(html)))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ParseHTML() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(results) != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 3 results, got %d", len(results))
+	}
+
+	organicRank := 0
+	adRank := 0
+	for _, r := range results {
+		if r.Ad {
+			adRank++
+			if r.Rank != adRank {
+				t.Fatalf("ad rank = %d, want %d", r.Rank, adRank)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		organicRank++
+		if r.Rank != organicRank {
+			t.Fatalf("organic rank = %d, want %d", r.Rank, organicRank)
+		}
+	}
+	if organicRank != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("organic count = %d, want 2", organicRank)
+	}
+	if results[0].AbsoluteRank != 1 || results[1].AbsoluteRank != 2 || results[2].AbsoluteRank != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected absolute ranks: %d, %d, %d", results[0].AbsoluteRank, results[1].AbsoluteRank, results[2].AbsoluteRank)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/baidu/search.go b/baidu/search.go
index 763e9b7..13cd3d6 100644
--- a/baidu/search.go
+++ b/baidu/search.go
@@ -112,7 +112,13 @@ func (baid *Baidu) Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []core
 	}
 
 	for i := range searchResults {
-		searchResults[i].Rank = query.Start + i + 1
+		if searchResults[i].AbsoluteRank > 0 {
+			searchResults[i].AbsoluteRank += query.Start
+		}
+		if searchResults[i].Ad {
+			continue
+		}
+		searchResults[i].Rank = query.Start + searchResults[i].Rank
 	}
 	return searchResults, nil
 }
diff --git a/baidu/search_raw.go b/baidu/search_raw.go
index 2c020f7..26afdb0 100644
--- a/baidu/search_raw.go
+++ b/baidu/search_raw.go
@@ -69,7 +69,13 @@ func Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []core.SearchResult,
 	}
 	if query.Start > 0 {
 		for i := range parsedResults {
-			parsedResults[i].Rank = query.Start + i + 1
+			if parsedResults[i].AbsoluteRank > 0 {
+				parsedResults[i].AbsoluteRank += query.Start
+			}
+			if parsedResults[i].Ad {
+				continue
+			}
+			parsedResults[i].Rank = query.Start + parsedResults[i].Rank
 		}
 	}
 	core.WithRequest(ctx).WithField("results_count", len(parsedResults)).Debug(
diff --git a/baidu/selectors.go b/baidu/selectors.go
index d22a972..5c56e93 100644
--- a/baidu/selectors.go
+++ b/baidu/selectors.go
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ var Selectors = struct {
 	Timeout       string
 	Results       string
 	ResultsAlt    []string
+	AdMarkers     []string
 	ImageJSONRoot []string
 	Link          string
 	Desc          string
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ var Selectors = struct {
 	Timeout:       "button.timeout-button",
 	Results:       "#content_left div.result.c-container",
 	ResultsAlt:    []string{"#content_left div.result-op.c-container", "div.c-container.new-pmd"},
+	AdMarkers:     []string{"[data-tuiguang]", "[data-click*='tuiguang']", ".ec-tuiguang", ".c-icon-bear-p"},
 	ImageJSONRoot: []string{"body > pre", "pre"},
 	Link:          "a",
 	Desc:          "div.c-abstract",
diff --git a/bing/parse_html.go b/bing/parse_html.go
index 536e92b..b7b68b9 100644
--- a/bing/parse_html.go
+++ b/bing/parse_html.go
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ func ParseHTML(r io.Reader) ([]core.SearchResult, error) {
 func parseBingDocument(doc *goquery.Document) []core.SearchResult {
 	var results []core.SearchResult
 	rank := 1
+	adRank := 1
 
 	doc.Find(Selectors.Results).Each(func(_ int, item *goquery.Selection) {
 		titleTag := item.Find(Selectors.Title).First()
@@ -69,17 +70,37 @@ func parseBingDocument(doc *goquery.Document) []core.SearchResult {
 		}
 
 		results = append(results, core.SearchResult{
-			Rank:        -1,
+			Rank:        adRank,
 			URL:         link,
 			Title:       title,
 			Description: desc,
 			Ad:          true,
 		})
+		adRank++
 	})
 
+	setSeparatedAdAbsoluteRanks(results, 0)
 	return core.DeduplicateResults(results)
 }
 
+func setSeparatedAdAbsoluteRanks(results []core.SearchResult, start int) {
+	adCount := 0
+	for i := range results {
+		if results[i].Ad {
+			adCount++
+			results[i].AbsoluteRank = start + results[i].Rank
+		}
+	}
+	organicAbsoluteRank := start + adCount + 1
+	for i := range results {
+		if results[i].Ad {
+			continue
+		}
+		results[i].AbsoluteRank = organicAbsoluteRank
+		organicAbsoluteRank++
+	}
+}
+
 // descriptionFromItem extracts a description using the same 4-step fallback
 // chain as the rod-based browser parser.
 func descriptionFromItem(item *goquery.Selection, title string) string {
diff --git a/bing/search.go b/bing/search.go
index 06ec701..a39b78f 100644
--- a/bing/search.go
+++ b/bing/search.go
@@ -138,6 +138,7 @@ func (bing *Bing) Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []core.
 	bing.logger.Info("Found %d results (%d ads)", totalResults, len(adElements))
 
 	rank := query.Start
+	adRank := 1
 	for _, result := range organicElements {
 		srchRes := core.SearchResult{}
 
@@ -215,35 +216,17 @@ func (bing *Bing) Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []core.
 			srchRes.Description, _ = descElem.Text()
 		}
 
-		// Mark ads with negative rank
-		srchRes.Rank = -1
+		srchRes.Rank = adRank
+		adRank++
 		searchResults = append(searchResults, srchRes)
 	}
 
+	setSeparatedAdAbsoluteRanks(searchResults, query.Start)
+
 	// Deduplicate results
 	deduped := core.DeduplicateResults(searchResults)
 
-	// Trim to exact limit if necessary (only organic results, not ads)
-	if query.Limit > 0 {
-		organicResults := []core.SearchResult{}
-		adResults := []core.SearchResult{}
-
-		for _, result := range deduped {
-			if result.Ad {
-				adResults = append(adResults, result)
-			} else {
-				organicResults = append(organicResults, result)
-			}
-		}
-
-		// Trim organic results to limit
-		if len(organicResults) > query.Limit {
-			organicResults = organicResults[:query.Limit]
-		}
-
-		// Combine back: organic results + ads
-		deduped = append(organicResults, adResults...)
-	}
+	deduped = core.LimitOrganicResults(deduped, query.Limit)
 
 	return deduped, nil
 }
diff --git a/cmd/root.go b/cmd/root.go
index 2bbc746..a45a1d5 100644
--- a/cmd/root.go
+++ b/cmd/root.go
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 const (
-	version               = "0.7.10"
+	version               = "0.7.11"
 	defaultConfigFilename = "config"
 	envPrefix             = "OPENSERP"
 )
diff --git a/core/common.go b/core/common.go
index 1b4cd24..7236dd8 100644
--- a/core/common.go
+++ b/core/common.go
@@ -95,9 +95,11 @@ func classifyProxyNetworkError(err error) error {
 
 // SearchResult represents one normalized result item returned by any engine.
 type SearchResult struct {
-	// Rank is a 1-based position in engine output. Some engines use negative
-	// ranks for non-organic blocks such as ads or instant answers.
+	// Rank is the 1-based position within this result type. For SEO callers,
+	// organic rank must not be shifted by ads.
 	Rank int `json:"rank"`
+	// AbsoluteRank is the 1-based position in the mixed SERP stream.
+	AbsoluteRank int `json:"absolute_rank,omitempty"`
 	// URL is the canonical result URL.
 	URL string `json:"url"`
 	// Title is the result headline shown on the SERP.
@@ -118,14 +120,15 @@ func DeduplicateResults(results []SearchResult) []SearchResult {
 		if result.URL == "" {
 			continue
 		}
-		if !unique[result.URL] {
-			unique[result.URL] = true
+		key := resultDedupKey(result)
+		if !unique[key] {
+			unique[key] = true
 			deduped = append(deduped, result)
 		}
 	}
 
 	sort.Slice(deduped, func(i, j int) bool {
-		return deduped[i].Rank < deduped[j].Rank
+		return resultLess(deduped[i], deduped[j])
 	})
 	return deduped
 }
@@ -140,11 +143,79 @@ func ConvertSearchResultsMap(searchResultsMap map[string]SearchResult) *[]Search
 	}
 
 	sort.Slice(searchResults, func(i, j int) bool {
-		return searchResults[i].Rank < searchResults[j].Rank
+		return resultLess(searchResults[i], searchResults[j])
 	})
 	return &searchResults
 }
 
+// CountOrganicResults returns the number of non-ad results in a mixed SERP.
+func CountOrganicResults(results []SearchResult) int {
+	count := 0
+	for _, result := range results {
+		if !result.Ad {
+			count++
+		}
+	}
+	return count
+}
+
+// LimitOrganicResults keeps all ads and at most limit non-ad results.
+func LimitOrganicResults(results []SearchResult, limit int) []SearchResult {
+	if limit <= 0 {
+		return results
+	}
+	out := make([]SearchResult, 0, len(results))
+	organicCount := 0
+	for _, result := range results {
+		if result.Ad {
+			out = append(out, result)
+			continue
+		}
+		if organicCount >= limit {
+			continue
+		}
+		organicCount++
+		out = append(out, result)
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func resultDedupKey(result SearchResult) string {
+	resultType := "organic"
+	if result.Ad {
+		resultType = "ad"
+	}
+	return resultType + "\x00" + result.URL
+}
+
+func resultLess(left, right SearchResult) bool {
+	leftPos := resultSortPosition(left)
+	rightPos := resultSortPosition(right)
+	if leftPos != rightPos {
+		return leftPos < rightPos
+	}
+	if left.Ad != right.Ad {
+		return left.Ad
+	}
+	if left.Rank != right.Rank {
+		return left.Rank < right.Rank
+	}
+	return left.URL < right.URL
+}
+
+func resultSortPosition(result SearchResult) int {
+	if result.AbsoluteRank > 0 {
+		return result.AbsoluteRank
+	}
+	if result.Rank < 0 {
+		return -result.Rank
+	}
+	if result.Rank > 0 {
+		return result.Rank
+	}
+	return int(^uint(0) >> 1)
+}
+
 // Query holds request parameters used by HTTP handlers and search engines.
 // Example minimal query: Query{Text: "golang", Limit: 10}.
 type Query struct {
@@ -168,7 +239,7 @@ type Query struct {
 	// For Google, false includes similar results and true hides them.
 	Filter bool
 	// Answers enables parsing answer modules when supported by the engine.
-	// Such entries may be returned with negative rank values.
+	// Such entries may be returned with non-positive internal rank values.
 	Answers bool
 	// ProxyURL is a direct proxy URL used by raw HTTP search paths.
 	ProxyURL string
diff --git a/core/enrichment_domain.go b/core/enrichment_domain.go
index e1dedd9..0729664 100644
--- a/core/enrichment_domain.go
+++ b/core/enrichment_domain.go
@@ -45,15 +45,9 @@ func EnrichDomainInfo(domain string) *DomainInfo {
 	cfg := loadEnrichmentDomains()
 
 	info := &DomainInfo{
-		TLD:           tld,
-		SLD:           sld,
-		IsGov:         isGovTLD(domain, tld),
-		IsEdu:         isEduTLD(domain, tld),
-		IsMil:         isMilTLD(tld),
-		IsNews:        cfg.NewsDomains[domain],
-		IsForum:       cfg.ForumDomains[domain],
-		IsMarketplace: cfg.MarketplaceDomains[domain],
-		IsSocial:      cfg.SocialDomains[domain],
+		TLD:      tld,
+		SLD:      sld,
+		Category: domainCategory(domain, tld, cfg),
 	}
 	return info
 }
@@ -67,6 +61,9 @@ func ClassifyURL(rawURL, domain string) *Classification {
 
 	contentType := classifyContentType(rawURL)
 	sourceHint := classifySourceHint(domain)
+	if contentType == "webpage" && sourceHint == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
 
 	return &Classification{
 		ContentType: contentType,
@@ -74,6 +71,27 @@ func ClassifyURL(rawURL, domain string) *Classification {
 	}
 }
 
+func domainCategory(domain, tld string, cfg enrichmentDomainsConfig) string {
+	switch {
+	case isGovTLD(domain, tld):
+		return "gov"
+	case isEduTLD(domain, tld):
+		return "edu"
+	case isMilTLD(tld):
+		return "mil"
+	case cfg.NewsDomains[domain]:
+		return "news"
+	case cfg.ForumDomains[domain]:
+		return "forum"
+	case cfg.MarketplaceDomains[domain]:
+		return "marketplace"
+	case cfg.SocialDomains[domain]:
+		return "social"
+	default:
+		return ""
+	}
+}
+
 // splitDomain returns (public suffix, registrable domain label).
 func splitDomain(domain string) (tld, sld string) {
 	domain = normalizeDomain(domain)
diff --git a/core/format_markdown.go b/core/format_markdown.go
index 343ce54..eda9dfe 100644
--- a/core/format_markdown.go
+++ b/core/format_markdown.go
@@ -22,9 +22,6 @@ func RenderMarkdown(env *Envelope) []byte {
 	for i, r := range env.Results {
 		fmt.Fprintf(&b, "## %d. %s\n\n", i+1, escapeMarkdown(r.Title))
 		typeLabel := string(r.Type)
-		if r.IsAd {
-			typeLabel = "ad"
-		}
 		fmt.Fprintf(&b, "**%s** · %s\n\n", r.DisplayURL, typeLabel)
 		if r.Snippet != "" {
 			fmt.Fprintf(&b, "%s\n\n", r.Snippet)
diff --git a/core/response.go b/core/response.go
index 4460525..2af4156 100644
--- a/core/response.go
+++ b/core/response.go
@@ -11,13 +11,13 @@ type QueryEcho struct {
 
 // ResponseMeta carries request-level metadata for observability and debugging.
 type ResponseMeta struct {
-	RequestID         string              `json:"request_id"`
-	RequestedAt       string              `json:"requested_at"`
-	TookMs            int64               `json:"took_ms"`
-	EnginesResponded  []string            `json:"engines_responded,omitempty"`
-	EnginesFailed     []string            `json:"engines_failed"`
-	EngineErrors      []EngineErrorDetail `json:"engine_errors,omitempty"`
-	Version           string              `json:"version"`
+	RequestID        string              `json:"request_id"`
+	RequestedAt      string              `json:"requested_at"`
+	TookMs           int64               `json:"took_ms"`
+	EnginesResponded []string            `json:"engines_responded,omitempty"`
+	EnginesFailed    []string            `json:"engines_failed"`
+	EngineErrors     []EngineErrorDetail `json:"engine_errors,omitempty"`
+	Version          string              `json:"version"`
 }
 
 // EngineErrorDetail is a client-facing, sanitized per-engine failure summary.
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ type Pagination struct {
 	NextStart int  `json:"next_start"`
 }
 
-// Envelope is the top-level v1 response wrapper for all search endpoints.
+// Envelope is the top-level v2 response wrapper for all search endpoints.
 type Envelope struct {
 	Query      QueryEcho    `json:"query"`
 	Meta       ResponseMeta `json:"meta"`
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ type ClusterOccurrence struct {
 	ResultID string `json:"result_id"`
 }
 
-// ImageEnvelope is the top-level v1 response wrapper for image search endpoints.
+// ImageEnvelope is the top-level v2 response wrapper for image search endpoints.
 type ImageEnvelope struct {
 	Query      QueryEcho     `json:"query"`
 	Meta       ResponseMeta  `json:"meta"`
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ type ImageEnvelope struct {
 	Pagination Pagination    `json:"pagination"`
 }
 
-const apiVersion = "1.0"
+const apiVersion = "2.0"
 
 // NewEnvelope builds a fresh Envelope pre-filled with query echo and an open
 // meta block. Call Finalize before serializing.
@@ -124,11 +124,21 @@ func (e *Envelope) Finalize(startedAt time.Time, q Query) {
 	page := q.Start/limit + 1
 	e.Pagination = Pagination{
 		Page:      page,
-		HasMore:   len(e.Results) >= limit,
+		HasMore:   countNonAdResults(e.Results) >= limit,
 		NextStart: q.Start + limit,
 	}
 }
 
+func countNonAdResults(results []Result) int {
+	count := 0
+	for _, result := range results {
+		if result.Type != ResultTypeAd {
+			count++
+		}
+	}
+	return count
+}
+
 // Finalize stamps the elapsed time and computes pagination fields.
 func (e *ImageEnvelope) Finalize(startedAt time.Time, q Query) {
 	e.Meta.TookMs = time.Since(startedAt).Milliseconds()
diff --git a/core/response_builder.go b/core/response_builder.go
index df483cb..296bb40 100644
--- a/core/response_builder.go
+++ b/core/response_builder.go
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ type EnrichContext struct {
 	Query  Query
 }
 
-// EnrichResult converts a raw engine result into the v1 Result shape.
+// EnrichResult converts a raw engine result into the v2 Result shape.
 func EnrichResult(raw SearchResult, ctx EnrichContext) Result {
 	normalizedURL := normalizeURL(raw.URL)
 	domain := extractDomain(normalizedURL)
@@ -42,17 +42,23 @@ func EnrichResult(raw SearchResult, ctx EnrichContext) Result {
 	if raw.Rank <= 0 && !raw.Ad {
 		resultType = ResultTypeAnswerBox
 	}
-
-	limit := ctx.Query.Limit
-	if limit <= 0 {
-		limit = 25
+	rank := raw.Rank
+	if rank < 0 {
+		if raw.Ad {
+			rank = -rank
+		} else {
+			rank = 0
+		}
+	}
+
+	absolute := computeResultPosition(raw, ctx.Query.Start)
+	if absolute <= 0 {
+		absolute = rank
 	}
-	page := ctx.Query.Start/limit + 1
-	absolute, onPage := computeResultPosition(raw.Rank, ctx.Query.Start)
 
 	result := Result{
 		ID:         buildResultID(ctx.Engine, normalizedURL),
-		Rank:       raw.Rank,
+		Rank:       rank,
 		Type:       resultType,
 		Title:      raw.Title,
 		URL:        normalizedURL,
@@ -60,13 +66,10 @@ func EnrichResult(raw SearchResult, ctx EnrichContext) Result {
 		Snippet:    raw.Description,
 		Domain:     domain,
 		Favicon:    favicon,
-		IsAd:       raw.Ad,
-		Position: Position{
-			Absolute: absolute,
-			Page:     page,
-			OnPage:   onPage,
-		},
-		Engine: ctx.Engine,
+		Engine:     ctx.Engine,
+	}
+	if absolute > 0 {
+		result.Position = &Position{Absolute: absolute}
 	}
 
 	result.DomainInfo = EnrichDomainInfo(domain)
@@ -75,7 +78,7 @@ func EnrichResult(raw SearchResult, ctx EnrichContext) Result {
 	return result
 }
 
-// EnrichImageResult converts a raw engine result into the v1 ImageResult shape.
+// EnrichImageResult converts a raw engine result into the v2 ImageResult shape.
 func EnrichImageResult(raw SearchResult, ctx EnrichContext) ImageResult {
 	imageURL := normalizeURL(raw.URL)
 	meta := parseImageDescription(raw.Description)
@@ -122,14 +125,22 @@ func shortMD5(value string) string {
 	return hex.EncodeToString(h[:responseIDBytes])
 }
 
-func computeResultPosition(rank, start int) (absolute, onPage int) {
-	if rank <= 0 {
-		return 0, 0
+func computeResultPosition(raw SearchResult, start int) int {
+	if raw.AbsoluteRank > 0 {
+		return raw.AbsoluteRank
+	}
+
+	rank := raw.Rank
+	if rank < 0 {
+		rank = -rank
+	}
+	if rank == 0 {
+		return 0
 	}
 	if start > 0 && rank > start {
-		return rank, rank - start
+		return rank
 	}
-	return start + rank, rank
+	return start + rank
 }
 
 // normalizeURL lowercases scheme+host, strips trailing slash, and removes
diff --git a/core/result.go b/core/result.go
index 2da4c97..e0d0a4f 100644
--- a/core/result.go
+++ b/core/result.go
@@ -19,34 +19,29 @@ const (
 
 // Position describes where a result sits in the overall result stream.
 type Position struct {
-	// Absolute is the 1-based rank counting from the first result of the first page.
+	// Absolute is the 1-based rank counting from the first result of the first page,
+	// across both organic and ad blocks. Always emitted so SEO callers can plot
+	// rank vs. on-page position without inferring it from the result order.
 	Absolute int `json:"absolute"`
-	// Page is the 1-based page number derived from start/limit.
-	Page int `json:"page"`
-	// OnPage is the 1-based rank within this page.
-	OnPage int `json:"on_page"`
 }
 
 // DomainInfo carries TLD-derived category signals for a result domain.
 type DomainInfo struct {
-	TLD           string `json:"tld"`
-	SLD           string `json:"sld"`
-	IsGov         bool   `json:"is_gov"`
-	IsEdu         bool   `json:"is_edu"`
-	IsMil         bool   `json:"is_mil"`
-	IsNews        bool   `json:"is_news"`
-	IsForum       bool   `json:"is_forum"`
-	IsMarketplace bool   `json:"is_marketplace"`
-	IsSocial      bool   `json:"is_social"`
+	TLD string `json:"tld,omitempty"`
+	SLD string `json:"sld,omitempty"`
+	// Category is one of "gov", "edu", "mil", "news", "forum", "marketplace",
+	// "social", or "" when the domain does not match any known category.
+	Category string `json:"category"`
 }
 
 // Classification holds URL-path heuristic hints for downstream consumers.
 type Classification struct {
-	ContentType string `json:"content_type"`
-	SourceHint  string `json:"source_hint"`
+	ContentType string `json:"content_type,omitempty"`
+	SourceHint  string `json:"source_hint,omitempty"`
 }
 
-// Result is the v1 normalized result returned in every search response.
+// Result is the v2 normalized result returned in search responses. Optional
+// fields (Position, DomainInfo, Classification) are omitted when empty.
 type Result struct {
 	ID             string          `json:"id"`
 	Rank           int             `json:"rank"`
@@ -57,8 +52,7 @@ type Result struct {
 	Snippet        string          `json:"snippet"`
 	Domain         string          `json:"domain"`
 	Favicon        string          `json:"favicon"`
-	IsAd           bool            `json:"is_ad"`
-	Position       Position        `json:"position"`
+	Position       *Position       `json:"position,omitempty"`
 	Engine         string          `json:"engine"`
 	DomainInfo     *DomainInfo     `json:"domain_info,omitempty"`
 	Classification *Classification `json:"classification,omitempty"`
@@ -78,7 +72,7 @@ type ImageSource struct {
 	Domain  string `json:"domain"`
 }
 
-// ImageResult is the v1 shape for image search results.
+// ImageResult is the v2 shape for image search results.
 type ImageResult struct {
 	ID     string      `json:"id"`
 	Rank   int         `json:"rank"`
diff --git a/core/result_rank_test.go b/core/result_rank_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a58afc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/result_rank_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+package core
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestDeduplicateResultsOrdersByAbsoluteRank(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	results := DeduplicateResults([]SearchResult{
+		{Rank: 1, AbsoluteRank: 3, URL: "https://organic.example.com/one"},
+		{Rank: 1, AbsoluteRank: 1, URL: "https://ads.example.com/one", Ad: true},
+		{Rank: 2, AbsoluteRank: 2, URL: "https://ads.example.com/two", Ad: true},
+		{Rank: 2, AbsoluteRank: 4, URL: "https://organic.example.com/two"},
+	})
+
+	wantRanks := []int{1, 2, 1, 2}
+	wantAbsoluteRanks := []int{1, 2, 3, 4}
+	if len(results) != len(wantRanks) {
+		t.Fatalf("len(results) = %d, want %d", len(results), len(wantRanks))
+	}
+	for i, want := range wantRanks {
+		if results[i].Rank != want {
+			t.Fatalf("result %d rank = %d, want %d", i, results[i].Rank, want)
+		}
+		if results[i].AbsoluteRank != wantAbsoluteRanks[i] {
+			t.Fatalf("result %d absolute rank = %d, want %d", i, results[i].AbsoluteRank, wantAbsoluteRanks[i])
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDeduplicateResultsKeepsAdAndOrganicForSameURL(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	results := DeduplicateResults([]SearchResult{
+		{Rank: 1, AbsoluteRank: 1, URL: "https://example.com/page", Ad: true},
+		{Rank: 1, AbsoluteRank: 2, URL: "https://example.com/page"},
+	})
+
+	if len(results) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("len(results) = %d, want 2", len(results))
+	}
+	if !results[0].Ad || results[1].Ad {
+		t.Fatalf("expected ad and organic rows to be preserved separately: %+v", results)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestLimitOrganicResultsDoesNotCountAds(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	results := LimitOrganicResults([]SearchResult{
+		{Rank: 1, URL: "https://ads.example.com/one", Ad: true},
+		{Rank: 1, URL: "https://organic.example.com/one"},
+		{Rank: 2, URL: "https://ads.example.com/two", Ad: true},
+		{Rank: 2, URL: "https://organic.example.com/two"},
+	}, 1)
+
+	if len(results) != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("len(results) = %d, want 3", len(results))
+	}
+	if CountOrganicResults(results) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("organic count = %d, want 1", CountOrganicResults(results))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestEnrichResultUsesAdRankAndAbsolutePosition(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	result := EnrichResult(SearchResult{
+		Rank:         1,
+		AbsoluteRank: 2,
+		URL:          "https://ads.example.com/",
+		Title:        "Ad",
+		Ad:           true,
+	}, EnrichContext{Engine: "google", Query: Query{Limit: 10}})
+
+	if result.Rank != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("rank = %d, want 1", result.Rank)
+	}
+	if result.Position == nil || result.Position.Absolute != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected position: %+v", result.Position)
+	}
+	if result.Type != ResultTypeAd {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected result type: %q", result.Type)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestEnvelopePaginationCountsOrganicResults(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	env := NewEnvelope(Query{Text: "ads", Limit: 2}, "req-1", time.Now(), []string{"bing"})
+	env.Results = []Result{
+		{Rank: 1, Type: ResultTypeAd},
+		{Rank: 2, Type: ResultTypeAd},
+		{Rank: 1, Type: ResultTypeOrganic},
+	}
+
+	env.Finalize(time.Now(), Query{Text: "ads", Limit: 2})
+
+	if env.Pagination.HasMore {
+		t.Fatalf("has_more = true, want false when organic count is below limit: %+v", env.Pagination)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/core/server.go b/core/server.go
index f1f67e9..d92cff6 100644
--- a/core/server.go
+++ b/core/server.go
@@ -1198,10 +1198,11 @@ func (s *Server) deduplicateMegaResults(results []MegaSearchResult) []MegaSearch
 		if result.URL == "" {
 			continue
 		}
-		key := NormalizeURLForClustering(result.URL)
-		if key == "" {
+		normalizedURL := NormalizeURLForClustering(result.URL)
+		if normalizedURL == "" {
 			continue
 		}
+		key := resultDedupKey(SearchResult{URL: normalizedURL, Ad: result.Ad})
 		existing, exists := urlMap[key]
 		if !exists {
 			urlMap[key] = result
@@ -1219,8 +1220,11 @@ func (s *Server) deduplicateMegaResults(results []MegaSearchResult) []MegaSearch
 	}
 
 	sort.Slice(deduped, func(i, j int) bool {
-		if deduped[i].Rank != deduped[j].Rank {
-			return deduped[i].Rank < deduped[j].Rank
+		if resultLess(deduped[i].SearchResult, deduped[j].SearchResult) {
+			return true
+		}
+		if resultLess(deduped[j].SearchResult, deduped[i].SearchResult) {
+			return false
 		}
 		if deduped[i].Engine != deduped[j].Engine {
 			return deduped[i].Engine < deduped[j].Engine
diff --git a/core/server_test.go b/core/server_test.go
index 411eaff..179c870 100644
--- a/core/server_test.go
+++ b/core/server_test.go
@@ -2208,7 +2208,7 @@ func TestServerOptions_DisableCORSMiddleware(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestDedicatedEndpointReturnsV1Envelope(t *testing.T) {
+func TestDedicatedEndpointReturnsV2Envelope(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := &engineMock{name: "google", initialized: true}
 	opts := DefaultServerOptions()
 	opts.Resilience.Retry.MaxRetries = 0
@@ -2223,8 +2223,8 @@ func TestDedicatedEndpointReturnsV1Envelope(t *testing.T) {
 	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&env); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("decode envelope: %v", err)
 	}
-	if env.Meta.Version != "1.0" {
-		t.Fatalf("expected meta.version=1.0, got %q", env.Meta.Version)
+	if env.Meta.Version != "2.0" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected meta.version=2.0, got %q", env.Meta.Version)
 	}
 	if env.Meta.RequestID == "" {
 		t.Fatal("expected non-empty meta.request_id")
@@ -2248,15 +2248,12 @@ func TestDedicatedEndpointReturnsV1Envelope(t *testing.T) {
 	if r.Snippet == "" && r.Title == "" {
 		t.Fatal("expected result to have title or snippet")
 	}
-	if r.Position.Page < 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("expected position.page >= 1, got %d", r.Position.Page)
-	}
 	if env.Pagination.Page < 1 {
 		t.Fatalf("expected pagination.page >= 1, got %d", env.Pagination.Page)
 	}
 }
 
-func TestMegaSearchReturnsV1EnvelopeWithEnginesFailed(t *testing.T) {
+func TestMegaSearchReturnsV2EnvelopeWithEnginesFailed(t *testing.T) {
 	good := &engineMock{name: "google", initialized: true}
 	bad := &engineMock{
 		name:        "bing",
@@ -2279,8 +2276,8 @@ func TestMegaSearchReturnsV1EnvelopeWithEnginesFailed(t *testing.T) {
 	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&env); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("decode envelope: %v", err)
 	}
-	if env.Meta.Version != "1.0" {
-		t.Fatalf("expected meta.version=1.0, got %q", env.Meta.Version)
+	if env.Meta.Version != "2.0" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected meta.version=2.0, got %q", env.Meta.Version)
 	}
 	if len(env.Meta.EnginesFailed) == 0 {
 		t.Fatal("expected engines_failed to contain bing")
@@ -2446,6 +2443,49 @@ func TestFormatParamReturnsCorrectContentType(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestJSONOmitsRedundantResultFields(t *testing.T) {
+	engine := &engineMock{
+		name:        "google",
+		initialized: true,
+		searchFn: func(_ context.Context, _ Query) ([]SearchResult, error) {
+			return []SearchResult{{
+				Rank:         1,
+				AbsoluteRank: 2,
+				URL:          "https://example.gov/page",
+				Title:        "Gov Result",
+				Description:  "Snippet",
+			}}, nil
+		},
+	}
+	opts := DefaultServerOptions()
+	opts.Resilience.Retry.MaxRetries = 0
+	srv := NewServerWithOptions("127.0.0.1", 7210, opts, engine)
+
+	resp := request(t, srv, "/google/search?text=clean-json")
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 200, got %d", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+	body, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	payload := string(body)
+	for _, omitted := range []string{`"is_ad"`, `"on_page"`, `"is_gov"`} {
+		if strings.Contains(payload, omitted) {
+			t.Fatalf("json payload should not contain %s: %s", omitted, payload)
+		}
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(payload, `"position":{"absolute":2,"page"`) {
+		t.Fatalf("json payload should not contain per-result page: %s", payload)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(payload, `"type":"organic"`) {
+		t.Fatalf("json payload should keep result type: %s", payload)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(payload, `"category":"gov"`) {
+		t.Fatalf("json payload should collapse domain category: %s", payload)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(payload, `"absolute":2`) {
+		t.Fatalf("json payload should keep meaningful absolute position: %s", payload)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestFormatParamBypassesJSONCache(t *testing.T) {
 	engine := &engineMock{name: "google", initialized: true}
 	opts := DefaultServerOptions()
@@ -2531,9 +2571,8 @@ func TestPaginatedPositionUsesAbsoluteRank(t *testing.T) {
 	if len(env.Results) != 1 {
 		t.Fatalf("expected one result, got %d", len(env.Results))
 	}
-	pos := env.Results[0].Position
-	if pos.Absolute != 11 || pos.OnPage != 1 || pos.Page != 2 {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected position: %+v", pos)
+	if env.Results[0].Position == nil || env.Results[0].Position.Absolute != 11 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected absolute position 11, got %+v", env.Results[0].Position)
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/docs/ARCHITECTURE.md b/docs/ARCHITECTURE.md
index 43286c9..ee50d15 100644
--- a/docs/ARCHITECTURE.md
+++ b/docs/ARCHITECTURE.md
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ Engine parsers return the older internal shape:
 - `Description`
 - `Ad`
 
-HTTP handlers convert this into the public v1 response through `core/response_builder.go`.
+HTTP handlers convert this into the public v2 response through `core/response_builder.go`.
 
 ## HTTP Request Flow
 
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ HTTP request
 
 ## Public API Response
 
-JSON endpoints return a v1 envelope.
+JSON endpoints return a v2 envelope.
 
 Top-level fields:
 
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ Only JSON responses use the response cache. Cached JSON refreshes request-scoped
 
 `core/enrichment_domain.go` derives:
 
-- `domain_info`: public suffix, SLD, and category booleans
+- `domain_info`: public suffix, SLD, and collapsed category
 - `classification`: content type and known source hint
 
 Public suffix parsing uses `golang.org/x/net/publicsuffix`.
diff --git a/docs/openapi.yaml b/docs/openapi.yaml
index e0e9c7d..5f8b570 100644
--- a/docs/openapi.yaml
+++ b/docs/openapi.yaml
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 openapi: 3.0.3
 info:
   title: OpenSERP API
-  version: 1.0.0
+  version: 2.0.0
   description: >
     OpenSERP provides dedicated and multi-engine search endpoints for Google, Yandex,
-    Baidu, Bing, and DuckDuckGo. All responses are wrapped in a v1 envelope with
+    Baidu, Bing, and DuckDuckGo. Search responses are wrapped in a v2 envelope with
     query echo, metadata, normalized results, and pagination. Invalid client input
     returns 400 with a machine-readable `reason` code.
   license:
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ paths:
                       requested_at: "2026-04-24T12:00:00Z"
                       took_ms: 842
                       engines_failed: []
-                      version: "1.0"
+                      version: "2.0"
                     results:
                       - id: s_a1b2c3d4e5f6a1b2
                         rank: 1
@@ -101,25 +101,13 @@ paths:
                         snippet: Go is an open source programming language...
                         domain: go.dev
                         favicon: https://go.dev/favicon.ico
-                        is_ad: false
                         position:
                           absolute: 1
-                          page: 1
-                          on_page: 1
                         engine: google
                         domain_info:
                           tld: dev
                           sld: go
-                          is_gov: false
-                          is_edu: false
-                          is_mil: false
-                          is_news: false
-                          is_forum: false
-                          is_marketplace: false
-                          is_social: false
-                        classification:
-                          content_type: webpage
-                          source_hint: ""
+                          category: ""
                     pagination:
                       page: 1
                       has_more: true
@@ -612,7 +600,7 @@ components:
       name: limit
       in: query
       required: false
-      description: Maximum results to return (1–100).
+      description: Maximum organic results to return (1–100). Ads may be returned in addition.
       schema:
         type: integer
         minimum: 1
@@ -690,7 +678,7 @@ components:
       in: query
       required: false
       description: >
-        Output format. `json` (default) returns the full envelope. `markdown` returns a
+        Output format. `json` (default) returns the envelope. `markdown` returns a
         Markdown document suitable for Slack/email. `text` returns a minimal plain-text
         block optimised for LLM context windows. `ndjson` returns one result object per
         line with no envelope. The `Accept` header is also checked
@@ -993,7 +981,7 @@ components:
           schema:
             $ref: "#/components/schemas/ErrorResponse"
   schemas:
-    # ── v1 envelope ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    # ── v2 envelope ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
     QueryEcho:
       type: object
       required: [text, engines_requested]
@@ -1035,7 +1023,7 @@ components:
             $ref: "#/components/schemas/EngineErrorDetail"
         version:
           type: string
-          example: "1.0"
+          example: "2.0"
     EngineErrorDetail:
       type: object
       required: [engine, error]
@@ -1067,21 +1055,18 @@ components:
     # ── Result ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
     Position:
       type: object
-      required: [absolute, page, on_page]
+      required: [absolute]
       properties:
         absolute:
           type: integer
-          description: 1-based rank counting from the first result of the first page.
-          example: 1
-        page:
-          type: integer
-          example: 1
-        on_page:
-          type: integer
-          example: 1
+          description: >
+            1-based rank in the mixed SERP stream, across both organic and ad blocks.
+            Always present so SEO callers can plot rank vs. on-page position without
+            inferring it from result order.
+          example: 2
     DomainInfo:
       type: object
-      required: [tld, sld, is_gov, is_edu, is_mil, is_news, is_forum, is_marketplace, is_social]
+      required: [category]
       properties:
         tld:
           type: string
@@ -1089,23 +1074,12 @@ components:
         sld:
           type: string
           example: wikipedia
-        is_gov:
-          type: boolean
-        is_edu:
-          type: boolean
-        is_mil:
-          type: boolean
-        is_news:
-          type: boolean
-        is_forum:
-          type: boolean
-        is_marketplace:
-          type: boolean
-        is_social:
-          type: boolean
+        category:
+          type: string
+          description: Empty string when the domain matches no known category.
+          enum: ["", gov, edu, mil, news, forum, marketplace, social]
     Classification:
       type: object
-      required: [content_type, source_hint]
       properties:
         content_type:
           type: string
@@ -1117,8 +1091,8 @@ components:
     ResultType:
       type: string
       description: >
-        SERP block type. New values require a minor version bump (`meta.version: "1.1"`).
-        In v1.0, engines emit `organic`, `ad`, or `answer_box`; other enum values are
+        SERP block type. New values require a minor version bump (`meta.version: "2.1"`).
+        In v2.0, engines emit `organic`, `ad`, or `answer_box`; other enum values are
         reserved for future parser upgrades.
       enum:
         - organic
@@ -1144,7 +1118,6 @@ components:
         - snippet
         - domain
         - favicon
-        - is_ad
         - position
         - engine
       properties:
@@ -1181,9 +1154,6 @@ components:
           type: string
           description: Constructed as `https://{domain}/favicon.ico`. Not probed.
           example: https://go.dev/favicon.ico
-        is_ad:
-          type: boolean
-          example: false
         position:
           $ref: "#/components/schemas/Position"
         engine:
diff --git a/duckduckgo/parse_html.go b/duckduckgo/parse_html.go
index a169170..6ef35a8 100644
--- a/duckduckgo/parse_html.go
+++ b/duckduckgo/parse_html.go
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ func ParseHTML(r io.Reader) ([]core.SearchResult, error) {
 func parseDDGDocument(doc *goquery.Document) []core.SearchResult {
 	var results []core.SearchResult
 	rank := 1
+	adRank := 1
+	absoluteRank := 1
 
 	resultSel := firstMatchingSelector(doc, Selectors.Results)
 	if resultSel == "" {
@@ -40,32 +42,38 @@ func parseDDGDocument(doc *goquery.Document) []core.SearchResult {
 
 		desc := extractFirstText(item, Selectors.Desc)
 
-		isAd := false
-		for _, sel := range Selectors.AdBadge {
-			if item.Find(sel).Length() > 0 {
-				isAd = true
-				break
-			}
-		}
+		isAd := duckduckgoSelectionHasAdMarker(item)
 
 		r := core.SearchResult{
-			Rank:        rank,
-			URL:         href,
-			Title:       title,
-			Description: desc,
-			Ad:          isAd,
+			Rank:         rank,
+			AbsoluteRank: absoluteRank,
+			URL:          href,
+			Title:        title,
+			Description:  desc,
+			Ad:           isAd,
 		}
 		if !isAd {
 			rank++
 		} else {
-			r.Rank = -1
+			r.Rank = adRank
+			adRank++
 		}
 		results = append(results, r)
+		absoluteRank++
 	})
 
 	return core.DeduplicateResults(results)
 }
 
+func duckduckgoSelectionHasAdMarker(item *goquery.Selection) bool {
+	for _, sel := range Selectors.AdBadge {
+		if item.Is(sel) || item.Find(sel).Length() > 0 {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 // firstMatchingSelector returns the first selector from the list that matches
 // at least one element in the document.
 func firstMatchingSelector(doc *goquery.Document, selectors []string) string {
diff --git a/duckduckgo/parse_html_test.go b/duckduckgo/parse_html_test.go
index 7eac92f..ac2bf98 100644
--- a/duckduckgo/parse_html_test.go
+++ b/duckduckgo/parse_html_test.go
@@ -55,3 +55,51 @@ func TestParseDDGHTMLEmpty(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("expected zero results for empty HTML, got %d", len(results))
 	}
 }
+
+func TestParseDDGHTMLAdsDoNotConsumeOrganicRank(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	html := `
+<article data-testid="ad">
+  <h2><a data-testid="result-title-a" href="https://ads.example.com">Sponsored Result</a></h2>
+  <div data-result="snippet">Paid snippet</div>
+</article>
+<article data-testid="result">
+  <h2><a data-testid="result-title-a" href="https://organic.example.com/one">Organic One</a></h2>
+  <div data-result="snippet">Organic snippet one</div>
+</article>
+<article data-testid="result">
+  <h2><a data-testid="result-title-a" href="https://organic.example.com/two">Organic Two</a></h2>
+  <div data-result="snippet">Organic snippet two</div>
+</article>`
+
+	results, err := ParseHTML(bytes.NewReader([]byte(html)))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ParseHTML() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(results) != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 3 results, got %d", len(results))
+	}
+
+	organicRank := 0
+	adRank := 0
+	for _, r := range results {
+		if r.Ad {
+			adRank++
+			if r.Rank != adRank {
+				t.Fatalf("ad rank = %d, want %d", r.Rank, adRank)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		organicRank++
+		if r.Rank != organicRank {
+			t.Fatalf("organic rank = %d, want %d", r.Rank, organicRank)
+		}
+	}
+	if organicRank != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("organic count = %d, want 2", organicRank)
+	}
+	if results[0].AbsoluteRank != 1 || results[1].AbsoluteRank != 2 || results[2].AbsoluteRank != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected absolute ranks: %d, %d, %d", results[0].AbsoluteRank, results[1].AbsoluteRank, results[2].AbsoluteRank)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/duckduckgo/search.go b/duckduckgo/search.go
index cd138e8..8cef4c3 100644
--- a/duckduckgo/search.go
+++ b/duckduckgo/search.go
@@ -69,8 +69,11 @@ func (ddg *DuckDuckGo) isNoResults(page *rod.Page) bool {
 
 func (ddg *DuckDuckGo) parseResults(results rod.Elements, pageNum int) []core.SearchResult {
 	searchResults := []core.SearchResult{}
+	organicRank := pageNum * 10
+	adRank := 1
+	absoluteRank := pageNum*10 + 1
 
-	for i, r := range results {
+	for _, r := range results {
 		// Get URL - try multiple selectors
 		var link *rod.Element
 		var err error
@@ -113,28 +116,47 @@ func (ddg *DuckDuckGo) parseResults(results rod.Elements, pageNum int) []core.Se
 		desc := core.FirstNonEmptyText(r, Selectors.Desc...)
 
 		// Check if it's an ad
-		isAd := false
-		for _, selector := range Selectors.AdBadge {
-			adIndicator, err := r.Element(selector)
-			if err == nil && adIndicator != nil {
-				isAd = true
-				break
-			}
+		isAd := duckduckgoElementHasAdMarker(r)
+		resultRank := 0
+		if isAd {
+			resultRank = adRank
+			adRank++
+		} else {
+			organicRank++
+			resultRank = organicRank
 		}
 
 		result := core.SearchResult{
-			Rank:        (pageNum * 10) + (i + 1),
-			URL:         hrefStr,
-			Title:       title,
-			Description: desc,
-			Ad:          isAd,
+			Rank:         resultRank,
+			AbsoluteRank: absoluteRank,
+			URL:          hrefStr,
+			Title:        title,
+			Description:  desc,
+			Ad:           isAd,
 		}
 		searchResults = append(searchResults, result)
+		absoluteRank++
 	}
 
 	return searchResults
 }
 
+func duckduckgoElementHasAdMarker(el *rod.Element) bool {
+	if el == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, selector := range Selectors.AdBadge {
+		matches, err := el.Matches(selector)
+		if err == nil && matches {
+			return true
+		}
+		if adIndicator, err := el.Element(selector); err == nil && adIndicator != nil {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 // Search executes a DuckDuckGo web search and returns normalized search
 // results. It may return core.ErrCaptcha or core.ErrSearchTimeout.
 func (ddg *DuckDuckGo) Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []core.SearchResult, err error) {
@@ -193,13 +215,13 @@ func (ddg *DuckDuckGo) Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []
 		return false, nil
 	}
 
-	for len(allResults) < query.Limit {
+	for query.Limit <= 0 || core.CountOrganicResults(allResults) < query.Limit {
 		done, err := fetchPage()
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 		searchPage++
-		if done || len(allResults) >= query.Limit {
+		if done || (query.Limit > 0 && core.CountOrganicResults(allResults) >= query.Limit) {
 			break
 		}
 		if err := core.SleepContext(ctx, ddg.pageSleep); err != nil {
@@ -211,9 +233,7 @@ func (ddg *DuckDuckGo) Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []
 	deduped := core.DeduplicateResults(allResults)
 
 	// Trim to exact limit if necessary
-	if len(deduped) > query.Limit {
-		deduped = deduped[:query.Limit]
-	}
+	deduped = core.LimitOrganicResults(deduped, query.Limit)
 
 	ddg.logger.Info("Search completed: %d results", len(deduped))
 	return deduped, nil
diff --git a/duckduckgo/selectors.go b/duckduckgo/selectors.go
index 1de5fbb..c86d0dc 100644
--- a/duckduckgo/selectors.go
+++ b/duckduckgo/selectors.go
@@ -43,9 +43,13 @@ var Selectors = struct {
 		"anomaly",
 	},
 	Results: []string{
+		"article[data-testid='result'], article[data-testid='ad'], li[data-layout='organic'], li[data-layout='ad'], div[data-testid='result'], div[data-testid='ad']",
 		"article[data-testid='result']",
+		"article[data-testid='ad']",
 		"li[data-layout='organic']",
+		"li[data-layout='ad']",
 		"div[data-testid='result']",
+		"div[data-testid='ad']",
 		"div.result",
 	},
 	Title: []string{
@@ -65,6 +69,9 @@ var Selectors = struct {
 		"h3 a",
 	},
 	AdBadge: []string{
+		"article[data-testid='ad']",
+		"li[data-layout='ad']",
+		"div[data-testid='ad']",
 		"[data-testid='ad-badge']",
 		".ad-badge",
 		".result--ad",
diff --git a/ecosia/parse_html.go b/ecosia/parse_html.go
index 3435d3b..a363bc2 100644
--- a/ecosia/parse_html.go
+++ b/ecosia/parse_html.go
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ func ParseHTML(r io.Reader) ([]core.SearchResult, error) {
 func parseEcosiaDocument(doc *goquery.Document) []core.SearchResult {
 	var results []core.SearchResult
 	rank := 1
+	adRank := 1
 
 	doc.Find(Selectors.Result).Each(func(_ int, item *goquery.Selection) {
 		res, ok := parseEcosiaItem(item, rank, false)
@@ -32,13 +33,15 @@ func parseEcosiaDocument(doc *goquery.Document) []core.SearchResult {
 	})
 
 	doc.Find(Selectors.Ad).Each(func(_ int, item *goquery.Selection) {
-		res, ok := parseEcosiaItem(item, -1, true)
+		res, ok := parseEcosiaItem(item, adRank, true)
 		if !ok {
 			return
 		}
 		results = append(results, res)
+		adRank++
 	})
 
+	setSeparatedAdAbsoluteRanks(results, 0)
 	return core.DeduplicateResults(results)
 }
 
@@ -84,6 +87,24 @@ func parseEcosiaItem(item *goquery.Selection, rank int, ad bool) (core.SearchRes
 	}, true
 }
 
+func setSeparatedAdAbsoluteRanks(results []core.SearchResult, start int) {
+	adCount := 0
+	for i := range results {
+		if results[i].Ad {
+			adCount++
+			results[i].AbsoluteRank = start + results[i].Rank
+		}
+	}
+	organicAbsoluteRank := start + adCount + 1
+	for i := range results {
+		if results[i].Ad {
+			continue
+		}
+		results[i].AbsoluteRank = organicAbsoluteRank
+		organicAbsoluteRank++
+	}
+}
+
 // // parseEcosiaImageItem extracts a single image card from a goquery Selection.
 // func parseEcosiaImageItem(item *goquery.Selection, rank int) (core.SearchResult, bool) {
 // 	linkTag := item.Find(Selectors.ImageLink).First()
diff --git a/ecosia/search.go b/ecosia/search.go
index 8961e7e..e9fcca8 100644
--- a/ecosia/search.go
+++ b/ecosia/search.go
@@ -139,13 +139,13 @@ func (e *Ecosia) Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []core.S
 	}()
 
 	// nextRank counts up across pages for organic results; nextAdRank counts
-	// down from -1 so ads keep unique, order-preserving negative ranks.
+	// up within sponsored results so ad rank stays separate from SEO rank.
 	all := []core.SearchResult{}
 	pageNum, nextRank, err := startPage(query.Start)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	nextAdRank := -1
+	nextAdRank := 1
 	// fetchPage loads one SERP page and appends parsed results.
 	// Returns (done, error): done=true ends the outer loop without error.
 	fetchPage := func() (bool, error) {
@@ -192,13 +192,13 @@ func (e *Ecosia) Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []core.S
 		for _, r := range ads {
 			if res, ok := e.parseResult(r, nextAdRank, true); ok {
 				all = append(all, res)
-				nextAdRank--
+				nextAdRank++
 			}
 		}
 		return false, nil
 	}
 
-	for query.Limit <= 0 || len(all) < query.Limit {
+	for query.Limit <= 0 || core.CountOrganicResults(all) < query.Limit {
 		done, err := fetchPage()
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ func (e *Ecosia) Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []core.S
 		if done {
 			break
 		}
-		if query.Limit > 0 && len(all) >= query.Limit {
+		if query.Limit > 0 && core.CountOrganicResults(all) >= query.Limit {
 			break
 		}
 		if err := core.SleepContext(ctx, e.pageSleep); err != nil {
@@ -215,13 +215,10 @@ func (e *Ecosia) Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []core.S
 		}
 	}
 
+	setSeparatedAdAbsoluteRanks(all, query.Start)
 	deduped := core.DeduplicateResults(all)
 	if query.Limit > 0 {
-		organic, ads := splitAds(deduped)
-		if len(organic) > query.Limit {
-			organic = organic[:query.Limit]
-		}
-		deduped = append(organic, ads...)
+		deduped = core.LimitOrganicResults(deduped, query.Limit)
 	}
 	e.logger.Info("Search completed: %d results", len(deduped))
 	return deduped, nil
@@ -369,14 +366,3 @@ func (e *Ecosia) SearchImage(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []c
 	e.logger.Info("Image search completed: %d results", len(deduped))
 	return deduped, nil
 }
-
-func splitAds(in []core.SearchResult) (organic, ads []core.SearchResult) {
-	for _, r := range in {
-		if r.Ad {
-			ads = append(ads, r)
-		} else {
-			organic = append(organic, r)
-		}
-	}
-	return
-}
diff --git a/ecosia/search_raw.go b/ecosia/search_raw.go
index 780607e..c1d8de3 100644
--- a/ecosia/search_raw.go
+++ b/ecosia/search_raw.go
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ func Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []core.SearchResult,
 
 	// Ecosia paginates by page index, not result offset, so re-rank from
 	// the page boundary rather than query.Start (off-grid offsets round down).
-	// Skip ads (rank<0) so organic ranks stay sequential from startRank.
+	// Skip ads so organic ranks stay sequential from startRank.
 	organicIdx := 0
 	for i := range parsedResults {
 		if parsedResults[i].Ad {
@@ -130,6 +130,7 @@ func Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []core.SearchResult,
 		parsedResults[i].Rank = startRank + organicIdx
 		organicIdx++
 	}
+	setSeparatedAdAbsoluteRanks(parsedResults, pageNum*10)
 
 	core.WithRequest(ctx).WithField("results_count", len(parsedResults)).Debug(
 		fmt.Sprintf("Ecosia Raw results : %v", parsedResults),
diff --git a/google/parse_html_test.go b/google/parse_html_test.go
index 06da9a3..8f4c1f5 100644
--- a/google/parse_html_test.go
+++ b/google/parse_html_test.go
@@ -68,3 +68,53 @@ func TestParseHTMLNoResults(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("expected zero results, got %d", len(results))
 	}
 }
+
+func TestParseHTMLAdsDoNotConsumeOrganicRank(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	html := `
+<div>
+  <div data-hveid="1" data-ved="ad" data-text-ad="1">
+    <a href="https://ads.example.com"><h3>Sponsored Result</h3></a>
+    <div data-sncf="1"><div>Paid snippet</div></div>
+  </div>
+  <div data-hveid="2" data-ved="organic1">
+    <a href="https://organic.example.com/one"><h3>Organic One</h3></a>
+    <div data-sncf="1"><div>Organic snippet one</div></div>
+  </div>
+  <div data-hveid="3" data-ved="organic2">
+    <a href="https://organic.example.com/two"><h3>Organic Two</h3></a>
+    <div data-sncf="1"><div>Organic snippet two</div></div>
+  </div>
+</div>`
+
+	results, err := ParseHTML(bytes.NewReader([]byte(html)))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ParseHTML() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(results) != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 3 results, got %d", len(results))
+	}
+
+	organicRank := 0
+	adRank := 0
+	for _, r := range results {
+		if r.Ad {
+			adRank++
+			if r.Rank != adRank {
+				t.Fatalf("ad rank = %d, want %d", r.Rank, adRank)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		organicRank++
+		if r.Rank != organicRank {
+			t.Fatalf("organic rank = %d, want %d", r.Rank, organicRank)
+		}
+	}
+	if organicRank != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("organic count = %d, want 2", organicRank)
+	}
+	if results[0].AbsoluteRank != 1 || results[1].AbsoluteRank != 2 || results[2].AbsoluteRank != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected absolute ranks: %d, %d, %d", results[0].AbsoluteRank, results[1].AbsoluteRank, results[2].AbsoluteRank)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/google/search.go b/google/search.go
index d315942..f294a42 100644
--- a/google/search.go
+++ b/google/search.go
@@ -236,6 +236,8 @@ func (gogl *Google) Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []cor
 	gogl.logger.Info("Found %d total results", totalResults)
 
 	rank := query.Start
+	adRank := 1
+	absoluteRank := query.Start + 1
 	for _, resEl := range searchResultElems {
 		srchRes := core.SearchResult{}
 
@@ -285,7 +287,10 @@ func (gogl *Google) Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []cor
 			} else {
 				srchRes.Description = strings.TrimSpace(text)
 			}
-			rank += 1
+			srchRes.Rank = adRank
+			srchRes.AbsoluteRank = absoluteRank
+			adRank++
+			absoluteRank++
 
 		} else if isAnswerBox {
 			// 2. Parse answer boxes
@@ -406,6 +411,8 @@ func (gogl *Google) Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []cor
 
 			rank += 1
 			srchRes.Rank = rank
+			srchRes.AbsoluteRank = absoluteRank
+			absoluteRank++
 			searchResults = append(searchResults, srchRes)
 			continue
 
@@ -413,7 +420,16 @@ func (gogl *Google) Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []cor
 			continue
 		}
 
-		srchRes.Rank = rank
+		if srchRes.Ad && srchRes.Rank == 0 {
+			srchRes.Rank = adRank
+			adRank++
+		} else if !srchRes.Ad {
+			srchRes.Rank = rank
+		}
+		if srchRes.AbsoluteRank == 0 {
+			srchRes.AbsoluteRank = absoluteRank
+			absoluteRank++
+		}
 		searchResults = append(searchResults, srchRes)
 	}
 
diff --git a/google/search_raw.go b/google/search_raw.go
index 39c33e4..c5258ab 100644
--- a/google/search_raw.go
+++ b/google/search_raw.go
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ func ParseHTML(r io.Reader) ([]core.SearchResult, error) {
 func parseGoogleDocument(doc *goquery.Document) []core.SearchResult {
 	results := []core.SearchResult{}
 	rank := 1
+	adRank := 1
+	absoluteRank := 1
 
 	// Use data attributes instead of class names to find results
 	// Both old and new DOM have data-hveid and data-ved attributes
@@ -55,6 +57,8 @@ func parseGoogleDocument(doc *goquery.Document) []core.SearchResult {
 		titleTag := item.Find(Selectors.Title)
 		title := titleTag.Text()
 
+		isAd := item.Is(Selectors.Ad) || item.Find(Selectors.Ad).Length() > 0
+
 		// Find description - find div with text content after the heading
 		// Using attribute selectors that match the description container
 		descTag := item.Find(Selectors.DescPrimary).First()
@@ -73,15 +77,25 @@ func parseGoogleDocument(doc *goquery.Document) []core.SearchResult {
 		desc := descTag.Text()
 
 		if link != "" && link != "#" {
+			resultRank := rank
+			if isAd {
+				resultRank = adRank
+				adRank++
+			} else {
+				rank++
+			}
+
 			result := core.SearchResult{
-				Rank:        rank,
-				URL:         link,
-				Title:       title,
-				Description: desc,
+				Rank:         resultRank,
+				AbsoluteRank: absoluteRank,
+				URL:          link,
+				Title:        title,
+				Description:  desc,
+				Ad:           isAd,
 			}
 
 			results = append(results, result)
-			rank++
+			absoluteRank++
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -153,8 +167,18 @@ func Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []core.SearchResult,
 	}
 
 	if query.Start > 0 {
+		organicIdx := 0
 		for i := range parsedResults {
-			parsedResults[i].Rank = query.Start + i + 1
+			if parsedResults[i].Ad {
+				continue
+			}
+			organicIdx++
+			parsedResults[i].Rank = query.Start + organicIdx
+		}
+		for i := range parsedResults {
+			if parsedResults[i].AbsoluteRank > 0 {
+				parsedResults[i].AbsoluteRank += query.Start
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	core.WithRequest(ctx).WithField("results_count", len(parsedResults)).Debug(
diff --git a/google/selectors.go b/google/selectors.go
index c5c4c06..dde4ed2 100644
--- a/google/selectors.go
+++ b/google/selectors.go
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ var Selectors = struct {
 	ResultStats  string
 	CookieBtn    string
 	Results      string
+	Ad           string
 	Title        string
 	DescPrimary  string
 	DescFallback string
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@ var Selectors = struct {
 	ResultStats:  "div#result-stats",
 	CookieBtn:    "div[role='dialog'][aria-modal] button",
 	Results:      "div[data-hveid][data-ved]",
+	Ad:           "div[data-text-ad], [data-text-ad]",
 	Title:        "h3",
 	DescPrimary:  "div[data-sncf='1'] div",
 	DescFallback: "div.VwiC3b",
diff --git a/yandex/parse_html.go b/yandex/parse_html.go
index 896a384..2cf5e8b 100644
--- a/yandex/parse_html.go
+++ b/yandex/parse_html.go
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package yandex
 
 import (
 	"io"
+	"net/url"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery"
@@ -21,6 +22,8 @@ func ParseHTML(r io.Reader) ([]core.SearchResult, error) {
 func parseYandexDocument(doc *goquery.Document) []core.SearchResult {
 	var results []core.SearchResult
 	rank := 1
+	adRank := 1
+	absoluteRank := 1
 
 	doc.Find(Selectors.Results).Each(func(_ int, item *goquery.Selection) {
 		// Skip blocks without a result heading (filters out non-organic blocks
@@ -51,6 +54,7 @@ func parseYandexDocument(doc *goquery.Document) []core.SearchResult {
 		if href == "" || href == "#" || strings.HasPrefix(href, "javascript:") {
 			return
 		}
+		isAd := yandexSelectionHasAdMarker(item) || yandexURLLooksAd(href)
 
 		title := strings.TrimSpace(titleTag.Text())
 		if title == "" {
@@ -67,14 +71,84 @@ func parseYandexDocument(doc *goquery.Document) []core.SearchResult {
 			}
 		}
 
+		resultRank := rank
+		if isAd {
+			resultRank = adRank
+			adRank++
+		} else {
+			rank++
+		}
+
 		results = append(results, core.SearchResult{
-			Rank:        rank,
-			URL:         href,
-			Title:       title,
-			Description: desc,
+			Rank:         resultRank,
+			AbsoluteRank: absoluteRank,
+			URL:          href,
+			Title:        title,
+			Description:  desc,
+			Ad:           isAd,
 		})
-		rank++
+		absoluteRank++
 	})
 
 	return core.DeduplicateResults(results)
 }
+
+func yandexSelectionHasAdMarker(item *goquery.Selection) bool {
+	for _, selector := range Selectors.AdMarkers {
+		if item.Is(selector) || item.Find(selector).Length() > 0 {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func yandexURLLooksAd(raw string) bool {
+	u, err := url.Parse(raw)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	host := strings.TrimPrefix(strings.ToLower(u.Hostname()), "www.")
+	return strings.HasPrefix(host, "yabs.yandex.") ||
+		host == "an.yandex.ru" ||
+		strings.HasSuffix(host, ".yandexadexchange.net")
+}
+
+func skipOrganicResults(results []core.SearchResult, skip int) []core.SearchResult {
+	if skip <= 0 {
+		return results
+	}
+	out := results[:0]
+	for _, result := range results {
+		if !result.Ad && skip > 0 {
+			skip--
+			continue
+		}
+		out = append(out, result)
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func rebaseOrganicRanks(results []core.SearchResult, start int) {
+	if start <= 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	organicIdx := 0
+	for i := range results {
+		if results[i].Ad {
+			continue
+		}
+		organicIdx++
+		results[i].Rank = start + organicIdx
+	}
+}
+
+func offsetAbsoluteRanks(results []core.SearchResult, start int) {
+	if start <= 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	for i := range results {
+		if results[i].AbsoluteRank > 0 {
+			results[i].AbsoluteRank += start
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/yandex/parse_html_test.go b/yandex/parse_html_test.go
index 149ee00..36c39b3 100644
--- a/yandex/parse_html_test.go
+++ b/yandex/parse_html_test.go
@@ -84,3 +84,83 @@ func TestParseYandexHTMLFallbackSelectors(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected description: %s", results[0].Description)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestParseYandexHTMLAdsDoNotConsumeOrganicRank(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	html := `
+<ul>
+  <li class="serp-item" data-fast-name="direct">
+    <h2><a href="https://ads.example.com">Sponsored Result</a></h2>
+    <div class="OrganicText">Paid snippet</div>
+  </li>
+  <li class="serp-item">
+    <h2><a href="https://organic.example.com/one">Organic One</a></h2>
+    <div class="OrganicText">Organic snippet one</div>
+  </li>
+  <li class="serp-item">
+    <h2><a href="https://organic.example.com/two">Organic Two</a></h2>
+    <div class="OrganicText">Organic snippet two</div>
+  </li>
+</ul>`
+
+	results, err := ParseHTML(bytes.NewReader([]byte(html)))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ParseHTML() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(results) != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 3 results, got %d", len(results))
+	}
+
+	organicRank := 0
+	adRank := 0
+	for _, r := range results {
+		if r.Ad {
+			adRank++
+			if r.Rank != adRank {
+				t.Fatalf("ad rank = %d, want %d", r.Rank, adRank)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		organicRank++
+		if r.Rank != organicRank {
+			t.Fatalf("organic rank = %d, want %d", r.Rank, organicRank)
+		}
+	}
+	if organicRank != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("organic count = %d, want 2", organicRank)
+	}
+	if results[0].AbsoluteRank != 1 || results[1].AbsoluteRank != 2 || results[2].AbsoluteRank != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected absolute ranks: %d, %d, %d", results[0].AbsoluteRank, results[1].AbsoluteRank, results[2].AbsoluteRank)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParseYandexHTMLYabsURLIsAd(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	html := `
+<ul>
+  <li class="serp-item">
+    <h2><a href="https://yabs.yandex.ru/count/WuGejI_zOoVX2">WB Travel</a></h2>
+    <div class="OrganicText">Paid snippet</div>
+  </li>
+  <li class="serp-item">
+    <h2><a href="https://organic.example.com/one">Organic One</a></h2>
+    <div class="OrganicText">Organic snippet one</div>
+  </li>
+</ul>`
+
+	results, err := ParseHTML(bytes.NewReader([]byte(html)))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ParseHTML() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(results) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 results, got %d", len(results))
+	}
+	if !results[0].Ad || results[0].Rank != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("first result should be ad rank 1: %+v", results[0])
+	}
+	if results[1].Ad || results[1].Rank != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("second result should be organic rank 1: %+v", results[1])
+	}
+}
diff --git a/yandex/search.go b/yandex/search.go
index 14f1e2f..0c0a596 100644
--- a/yandex/search.go
+++ b/yandex/search.go
@@ -71,8 +71,11 @@ func (yand *Yandex) isNoResults(page *rod.Page) bool {
 
 func (yand *Yandex) parseResults(results rod.Elements, pageNum int) []core.SearchResult {
 	searchResults := []core.SearchResult{}
+	organicRank := pageNum * 10
+	adRank := 1
+	absoluteRank := pageNum*10 + 1
 
-	for i, r := range results {
+	for _, r := range results {
 		// Get URL
 		link, err := r.Element(Selectors.Link)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -109,13 +112,48 @@ func (yand *Yandex) parseResults(results rod.Elements, pageNum int) []core.Searc
 			desc, _ = descTag.Text()
 		}
 
-		r := core.SearchResult{Rank: (pageNum * 10) + (i + 1), URL: linkText.String(), Title: title, Description: desc}
-		searchResults = append(searchResults, r)
+		hrefStr := linkText.String()
+		isAd := yandexElementHasAdMarker(r) || yandexURLLooksAd(hrefStr)
+		resultRank := 0
+		if isAd {
+			resultRank = adRank
+			adRank++
+		} else {
+			organicRank++
+			resultRank = organicRank
+		}
+
+		res := core.SearchResult{
+			Rank:         resultRank,
+			AbsoluteRank: absoluteRank,
+			URL:          hrefStr,
+			Title:        title,
+			Description:  desc,
+			Ad:           isAd,
+		}
+		searchResults = append(searchResults, res)
+		absoluteRank++
 	}
 
 	return searchResults
 }
 
+func yandexElementHasAdMarker(el *rod.Element) bool {
+	if el == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, selector := range Selectors.AdMarkers {
+		matches, err := el.Matches(selector)
+		if err == nil && matches {
+			return true
+		}
+		if child, err := el.Element(selector); err == nil && child != nil {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 func (yand *Yandex) parseImageEntities(items rod.Elements) map[string]ImageEntity {
 	entities := make(map[string]ImageEntity)
 	for _, item := range items {
@@ -193,17 +231,13 @@ func (yand *Yandex) Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []cor
 
 		r := yand.parseResults(elements, searchPage)
 		if searchPage == startPage && skipOnFirstPage > 0 {
-			if skipOnFirstPage >= len(r) {
-				r = []core.SearchResult{}
-			} else {
-				r = r[skipOnFirstPage:]
-			}
+			r = skipOrganicResults(r, skipOnFirstPage)
 		}
 		allResults = append(allResults, r...)
 		return false, nil
 	}
 
-	for len(allResults) < query.Limit {
+	for query.Limit <= 0 || core.CountOrganicResults(allResults) < query.Limit {
 		done, err := fetchPage()
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
@@ -212,13 +246,16 @@ func (yand *Yandex) Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []cor
 		if done {
 			break
 		}
+		if query.Limit > 0 && core.CountOrganicResults(allResults) >= query.Limit {
+			break
+		}
 		if err := core.SleepContext(ctx, yand.pageSleep); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
 
 	yand.logger.Info("Search completed: %d results", len(allResults))
-	return core.DeduplicateResults(allResults), nil
+	return core.LimitOrganicResults(core.DeduplicateResults(allResults), query.Limit), nil
 }
 
 // SearchImage executes a Yandex image search and returns normalized image
diff --git a/yandex/search_raw.go b/yandex/search_raw.go
index d613e3e..9af173c 100644
--- a/yandex/search_raw.go
+++ b/yandex/search_raw.go
@@ -74,17 +74,10 @@ func Search(ctx context.Context, query core.Query) (results []core.SearchResult,
 	}
 
 	if skipOnFirstPage > 0 {
-		if skipOnFirstPage >= len(parsedResults) {
-			parsedResults = []core.SearchResult{}
-		} else {
-			parsedResults = parsedResults[skipOnFirstPage:]
-		}
-	}
-	if query.Start > 0 {
-		for i := range parsedResults {
-			parsedResults[i].Rank = query.Start + i + 1
-		}
+		parsedResults = skipOrganicResults(parsedResults, skipOnFirstPage)
 	}
+	rebaseOrganicRanks(parsedResults, query.Start)
+	offsetAbsoluteRanks(parsedResults, startPage*10)
 	core.WithRequest(ctx).WithField("results_count", len(parsedResults)).Debug(
 		fmt.Sprintf("Yandex Raw results : %v", parsedResults),
 	)
diff --git a/yandex/selectors.go b/yandex/selectors.go
index 1913b94..c4fa149 100644
--- a/yandex/selectors.go
+++ b/yandex/selectors.go
@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@ package yandex
 
 // Selectors is the single source of truth for Yandex SERP CSS selectors.
 var Selectors = struct {
-	Captcha       string
-	NoResults     string
-	Results       string
+	Captcha   string
+	NoResults string
+	Results   string
+	AdMarkers []string
 	// LinkPrimary is preferred over a generic <a>; falls back to title.Closest("a")
 	// then the first <a> in the result block when absent.
 	LinkPrimary   string
@@ -16,9 +17,18 @@ var Selectors = struct {
 	ImageItemsAlt []string
 	ImageStateAll string
 }{
-	Captcha:       "div.CheckboxCaptcha",
-	NoResults:     "div.EmptySearchResults",
-	Results:       "li[data-fast], li.serp-item",
+	Captcha:   "div.CheckboxCaptcha",
+	NoResults: "div.EmptySearchResults",
+	Results:   "li[data-fast], li.serp-item",
+	AdMarkers: []string{
+		"[data-fast-name='direct']",
+		"[data-fast-name='serp-adv']",
+		"[data-bem*='serp-adv']",
+		".serp-adv-item",
+		".serp-adv__found",
+		"[aria-label='Реклама']",
+		"[title='Реклама']",
+	},
 	LinkPrimary:   "a.OrganicTitle-Link",
 	Link:          "a",
 	Title:         "h2",