feat(core): support TypeScript 4.7 (#45749)

Adds support for TypeScript 4.7. Changes include:
* Bumping the TS version as well as some Bazel dependencies to include https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_nodejs/pull/3420.
* Adding a backwards-compatibility layer for calls to `updateTypeParameterDeclaration`.
* Making `LView` generic in order to make it easier to type the context based on the usage. Currently the context can be 4 different types which coupled with stricter type checking would required a lot of extra casting all over `core`.
* Fixing a bunch of miscellaneous type errors.
* Removing assertions of `ReferenceEntry.isDefinition` in a few of the language service tests. The field isn't returned by TS anymore and we weren't using it for anything.
* Resolving in error in the language service that was caused by TS attempting to parse HTML files when we try to open them. Previous TS was silently setting them as `ScriptKind.Unknown` and ignoring the errors, but now it throws. I've worked around it by setting them as `ScriptKind.JSX`.

PR Close #45749

devtools/projects/ng-devtools/src/lib/devtools-tabs/diffing/index.ts

@@ -43,9 +43,9 @@ export const diff = <T>(differ: DefaultIterableDiffer<T>, a: T[], b: T[]):
         if (!alreadySet[record.previousIndex]) {
           a[record.currentIndex] = a[record.previousIndex];
         } else {
-          a[record.currentIndex] = {} as T;
+          a[record.currentIndex] = {} as unknown as T;
         }
-        Object.keys(b[record.currentIndex]).forEach(prop => {
+        Object.keys(b[record.currentIndex] as unknown as {}).forEach(prop => {
           // TypeScript's type inference didn't follow the check from above.
           if (record.currentIndex === null) {
             return;

devtools/projects/shell-browser/src/app/chrome-window-extensions.ts

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ export const initializeExtendedWindowOperations = () => {
   extendWindowOperations(window, {inspectedApplication: chromeWindowExtensions});
 };
 
-const extendWindowOperations = <T>(target, classImpl: T) => {
+const extendWindowOperations = <T extends {}>(target, classImpl: T) => {
   for (const key of Object.keys(classImpl)) {
     if (target[key] != null) {
       console.warn(`A window function or object named ${key} would be overwritten`);